συγγενής: Difference between revisions

|Definition=ές, <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> [[congenital]], [[inborn]], ἦθος <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>13.13</span>; εὐδοξία <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">N.</span>3.40</span>; <b class="b3">σ. εἶδος</b>,= <b class="b3">φύσις</b>, [[character]], <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Hum.</span>1</span>; νόσημα σ. ἐστί τινι <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Prorrh.</span>2.2</span>; φόβος <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Eu.</span>691</span>; <b class="b3">παύροις . . ἐστι συγγενὲς τόδε</b> [[natural]] to them, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ag.</span>832</span>; ἡ τύχη προσγίγνεθ' ἡμῖν σ. τῷ σώματι <span class="bibl">Philem.10</span>; <b class="b3">πότμος σ</b>. <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">N.</span>5.40</span>; <b class="b3">προϊδεῖν σ. οἷς ἕπεται</b> who have the [[natural]] gift to foresee, ib.<span class="bibl">1.28</span>; <b class="b3">συγγενεῖς μῆνες</b> my [[connate]] months, the months [[of my natural life]], <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>1082</span>; <b class="b3">σ. τρίχες</b> the hair [[born with one]], i.e. the hair of the head as opp. to the beard, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">HA</span>518a18</span>, <span class="bibl">584a24</span>; <b class="b3">σημεῖα σ</b>. [[birth]]-marks, ib.<span class="bibl">585b31</span>; <b class="b3">δυνάμεις αἱ σ</b>., opp. <b class="b3">αἱ ἔθει</b> and <b class="b3">αἱ μαθήσει</b>, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Metaph.</span>1047b31</span>; <b class="b3">αὔξει τὸ σ</b>. increases [[its natural force]], <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">EN</span>1119b9</span>. Adv., <b class="b3">-νῶς δύστηνος</b> miserable [[from his birth]], <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">HF</span>1293</span>; v. [[σύμφυτος]]. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> <b class="b2">of the same kin, descent</b>, or [[family]], [[akin to]], τινι <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.109</span>, <span class="bibl">3.2</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Heracl.</span>229</span>: abs., [[akin]], [[cognate]], θεός <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>14</span>; γυνή <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Andr.</span>887</span>; χείρ <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>1387</span>; <b class="b3">συγγενέστατον φύσει πάντων</b> [[most nearly akin]], <span class="bibl">Is.11.17</span>; σ. γάμος ἀνεψιῶν <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>855</span>; of animals, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">HA</span>539a23</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">GA</span>747a31</span>, al.: hence, </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">b</span> Subst., [[kinsman]], [[relative]], οὖσα σ. ἐκείνου <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Pax</span>618</span> (troch.); <b class="b3">τῆς ἐμῆς γυναικὸς ξυγγενεῖ</b> (dual) <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Av.</span>368</span> (troch.); πρὸς σ. τε καὶ οἰκείους αὐτῶν <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>378c</span>; ἔργον εὑρεῖν συγγενῆ πένητός ἐστιν <span class="bibl">Men.4</span>; γάμει τὴν συγγενῆ <span class="bibl">Id.929</span>: freq. in pl., <b class="b3">οἱ σ</b>. [[kinsfolk]], [[kinsmen]], <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>4.133</span>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.91</span>, etc.; not properly applied to children (ἔκγονοι) in relation to their parents, and so opp. <b class="b3">ἔκγονοι</b> in <span class="bibl">Is.8.30</span>, v. [[συγγένεια]] <span class="bibl">1</span> (but cf. <span class="bibl">And.1.17</span>); τοῖς συγγενέσι τὰ τοῦ συγγενοῦς ψηφίζεσθαι <span class="bibl">Is.4.23</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">c</span> <b class="b3">τὸ σ</b>.,= <b class="b3">συγγένεια</b>, [[kindred]], [[relationship]], <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>291</span> (anap.), <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>1469</span>, <span class="bibl">Th.3.82</span>, etc.; also, <b class="b2">the spirit of one's race</b>, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>10.12</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">N.</span>6.8</span>; <b class="b3">εἰ τούτῳ προσήκει Λαΐῳ τι σ</b>. if he had any [[connection]] with him, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>814</span>; of tribes, <b class="b3">κατὰ τὸ ξ</b>. <span class="bibl">Th.1.95</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> metaph., <b class="b2">akin, cognate, of like kind</b>, τοὺς τρόπους οὐ συγγενής <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Eq.</span>1280</span> (troch.), cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Th.</span>574</span>; <b class="b3">ξυγγενὴς ὁ κύσθος αὐτῆς θητέρᾳ</b> (for <b class="b3">τῷ τῆς ἑτέρας</b>) <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ach.</span>789</span>; freq. in Pl., [ἡ ψυχὴ] σ. οὖσα τῷ θείῳ <span class="bibl"><span class="title">R.</span>611e</span>; τῇ πολεμικῇ σ. ἡ πάλη <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Lg.</span>814d</span>; τοῖς . . λόγοις τὴν αἰτίαν συγγενῆ δεῖ νομίζειν <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">GA</span>788b9</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Rh.</span>1398a21</span> (Comp.): rarely c. gen., <b class="b3">νοῦς αἰτίας σ</b>. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phlb.</span>31a</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Phd.</span>79d</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">R.</span>403a</span>, <span class="bibl">487a</span>: abs., <b class="b3">σ. τιμωρίαι</b> [[fitting]], [[proper]] punishments, <span class="bibl">Lycurg.122</span> (but prob. f.l. for [[εὐγ-]]) <b class="b3">; συγγενῆ</b> <b class="b2">things of the same kind, homogeneous</b>, <span class="bibl">Arist. <span class="title">APo.</span>76a1</span>; τὰ σ. καὶ τὰ ὁμοειδῆ <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Rh.</span>1405a35</span>; σ. τέχναι <span class="title">Stoic.</span>2.30; <b class="b3">ἐν γαίῃ μὲν σῶμα τὸ σ</b>. its [[congener]], IG9(1).882.7 (Corc&lt;*&gt;ra). Adv., συγγενῶς ἔρχεσθαι <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>897c</span>; σ. τρέχων Πλάτωνι <span class="bibl">Alex.1</span> (codd. D.L.); <b class="b3">τὰ σ. εἰρημένα</b> [[to similar effect]], Phld.<span class="title">Mus.</span> p.92K. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">III</span> <b class="b3">συγγενής</b> represented a title bestowed at the Persian court by the king as a mark of honour, 'cousin', <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>1.4.27</span>, <span class="bibl">2.2.31</span>, <span class="bibl">D.S.16.50</span>; also at the Ptolemaic and Seleucid courts, <span class="title">OGI</span>104.2 (Delos, ii B.C.), al., <span class="bibl"><span class="title">BGU</span>1741.12</span> (i B.C.), <span class="bibl">LXX <span class="title">1 Ma.</span>10.89</span>; <b class="b3">οἱ σ. τῶν κατοίκων ἱππέων</b> prob. a category of [[nobles]] among the <b class="b3">κάτοικοι</b>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PTeb.</span>61</span> ([[b]]). <span class="bibl">79</span> (ii B.C.); συγγενεῖς κάτοικοι <span class="bibl"><span class="title">UPZ</span>14.8</span> (ii B.C.).</span>