ῥάσσω: Difference between revisions

|etymtx=Grammatical information: v.<br />Meaning: <b class="b2">to beat, to smash, to thrust, to stamp</b> (also of dancers), intr. [[to strike]], [[to dash]] (hell.).<br />Other forms: Att. <b class="b3">ῥάττω</b>, Ion. <b class="b3">ῥήσσω</b> (ep. Σ 571, <b class="b3">ἐπι-</b> ῥάσσω Ω 454, 456, h.Ap. 516, also LXX, NT), fut. <b class="b3">ῥάξω</b>, aor. <b class="b3">ῥᾶξαι</b> (Att., hell.), <b class="b3">ῥαχθῆναι</b> (LXX).<br />Compounds: Also w. prefix, e.g. <b class="b3">ἐπι-</b>, <b class="b3">συν-</b>, <b class="b3">κατα-</b>.<br />Derivatives: 1. <b class="b3">σύρ-</b>, <b class="b3">πρόσ-ραξις</b> f. [[crash]], [[impact]] (Arist., pap.), <b class="b3">ἀπό-</b> ῥάσσω n. of a ball-game (Poll., Eust.). 2. <b class="b3">κατα-ρράκτης</b> as adj. [[rushing down]], [[precipitous]] (S., Str.), as subst. m. [[waterfall]] (D. S., Str.), [[portcullis]], [[boarding bridge]] (LXX, App. a.o.), n. bird that sweeps down (Ar., Arist.), <b class="b3">Κατα-ρρήκτης</b> m. n. of a river in Phrygia (Hdt.); <b class="b3">κατα-ρρακτήρ</b> [[rushing down]] (Lyc.; of a bird). 3. <b class="b3">ῥακτήριον ὄρχησίς τις</b>, <b class="b3">-τήρια τύμπανα</b> H., <b class="b3">ῥακτήριος</b> approx. [[suitable for beating]], also [[clamorous]]? (S. Fr. 802 u. 699); <b class="b3">ῥάκτριαι</b> f. (<b class="b3">-ια</b> n.?) pl. <b class="b2">staffs, to beat off olives</b> (Poll., H., Phot.). On <b class="b3">ῥάγ-δην</b>, <b class="b3">-δαῖος</b> s. [[ῥαγή]]; on [[ῥαχία]] s.v.<br />Origin: XX [etym. unknown]<br />Etymology: Rather rare verb, which in the koine was confused with <b class="b3">ῥήγνυμι</b>. Without certain connection. As before the <b class="b3">ῥ-</b> a consonant must have disappeared, an original PGr. <b class="b3">*Ϝράχ-ι̯ω</b> (cf. <b class="b3">ῥαχ-ία</b>) can be identified with a Slavic verb for [[beat]] (also with loss of <b class="b2">u̯-</b>), e.g. Russ. <b class="b2">razítь</b>, Czech. [[raziti]], to which a.o. Czech. <b class="b2">ráz</b> [[stroke]], [[stamp]], Russ. [[raz]] [[turn]], IE <b class="b2">*u̯rāǵ(h)-</b> (WP. 1, 318f. with Lidén Ein balt.-slav. Anlautges. 24 f.). The Slav. words, however, have also been connected with Russ. <b class="b2">rézatь</b> [[cut]], [[slaughter]], OCS <b class="b2">rězati</b> <b class="b3">κόπτειν</b>' etc. and so with <b class="b3">ῥήγνυμι</b> (s. Vasmer s. [[raz]] II and Fraenkel s. <b class="b2">rė́zti</b> 1), which however clearly semant. slightly deviate. (As in Greek <b class="b3">ῥήσσω</b> and <b class="b3">ῥήγνυμι</b>, so in Slav. the corresponding verbs may have partly coalesced. -- The attractive connection with <b class="b3">ἀράσσω</b> (Bechtel Lex. s. <b class="b3">ῥήσσω</b> with Joh. Schmidt; cf. <b class="b3">ταλα-</b> : <b class="b3">τλα-</b>, <b class="b3">ταράξαι</b> : <b class="b3">θράσσω</b>) would require a PGr. <b class="b3">*Ϝαράχ-ι̯ω</b>; but there is no trace of a <b class="b3">Ϝ-</b>. Cf. [[ῥάχις]].