Κάβειροι: Difference between revisions

|Definition=[ᾰ], οἱ, <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> [[the Cabeiri]], divinities worshipped especially in Lemnos, Samothrace, and Boeotia, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">Fr.</span>74b</span>Schr., <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.51</span>, <span class="bibl">3.37</span>, <span class="bibl">Str.10.3.15</span>, etc.; at Miletus, <span class="bibl">Nic.Dam.52J.</span>, <span class="title">Milet.</span> (v. infr.), <span class="title">BCH</span>1.288; title of play by Aeschylus, <span class="bibl">Ath.10.428f</span>, Sch.<span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>4.303</span>: sg., Κάβειρος Pi. l.c.; freq. in Boeotian Inscrr. (written <b class="b3">-βιρ-</b>), <span class="title">IG</span>7.2457, al., cf. <span class="title">AP</span>6.245 (Diod.), <span class="bibl">Q.S.1.267</span>: Καβειρίδες <b class="b3">Νύμφαι</b>, and Καβειρώ, ἡ, [[the sisters]] and [[mother of the Cabeiri]], <span class="bibl">Acus.20J.</span>, <span class="bibl">Pherecyd. 48</span> J.:—Adj. Καβειρικός, ή, όν, fem. Καβειριάς, άδος, <span class="title">Cabeiric</span>, St. Byz.:—also Καβειραῖος, α, ον, Id., <span class="bibl">Paus.9.25.8</span>: Καβειρία, ἡ, epith. of Demeter at <b class="b3">Κάβειροι</b>, <span class="bibl">Id.9.25.5</span> codd.: Καβείριον, τό, [[sanctuary of the C]]., <span class="bibl">Id.9.26.2</span>; more correctly Καβείρ[ε]ιον <span class="title">IG</span>11(2).144<span class="title">A</span>90 (Delos, iv B.C.): Καβείρια, τά, [[their mysteries]], Inscr.Perg.252, Hsch.:—hence Καβειριάζομαι, [[celebrate these mysteries]], St.Byz.: Καβῑριάρχας, ὁ, <span class="title">IG</span>7.2428 (Boeot.): Καβειριαρχίω ( -έω), ib.2420. (The spelling -βειρ- is correct, ib.11(2).l.c., Hdn.Gr.2.411: the form -βιρ- is Boeot. (v. supr.) and late Gr., <span class="title">Milet.</span>6.26 (i A.D.), Alexio and Philox. ap. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Et.Gud.</span>289.30</span>.) (The connection with the Semitic root <b class="b2">KBR 'great</b>' (cf. the title <b class="b3">Μεγάλοι Θεοί</b>) is not certain; nor is that with Skt. <b class="b2">Kúbera-</b> (name of a divinity), fr. <b class="b2">&#42;Kabera-</b>, cf. Patron. <b class="b2">Kāberaká-</b>.) </span>

|etymtx=Grammatical information: m. pl.<br />Meaning: name of chthonic gods, esp. on Samothrace and Lemnos as well as in Boeotia (Pi., Hdt., inscr.).<br />Other forms: <b class="b3">Κάβειροι καρκίνοι</b> ([[crab]], [[pair of pincers]]) H.; whether there is any relation with the gods, is unknown.<br />Derivatives: <b class="b3">Καβειρίδες</b> (<b class="b3">νύμφαι</b>); <b class="b3">Καβειρώ</b> mother of the C.; <b class="b3">Καβεὶριον</b> sanctuary of the C.<br />Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]<br />Etymology: Not with Wackernagel KZ 41, 316ff. = Kl. Schr. 1, 505ff. (also on olderr interpretations) to Skt. <b class="b2">Kúbera-</b>, s. Mayrhofer KEWA s. v. The root of the name is clearly the same as that in <b class="b3">Κάβαρνοι</b>. This root must have been Pre-Greek <b class="b2">&#42;Kabary</b>. The palatalized consonant explains [[a]] > <b class="b2">ä</b>, <b class="b3">ε</b>, and the <b class="b3">ι</b>; before the <b class="b3">ν</b> the palatal character was neglected. Beekes, Mnemosyne LVII (2004) 465-477. Lit. Nilsson Gr. Rel. 1, 670ff. B. Hemberg. Die Kabiren, Uppsala 1950..