σταφυλή: Difference between revisions

|Definition=ἡ, <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> [[bunch of grapes]], σταφυλῇσι μέγα βρίθουσαν ἀλωήν <span class="bibl">Il.18.561</span>; ἡμερὶς ἡβώωσα τεθήλει δὲ σταφυλῇσι <span class="bibl">Od.5.69</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">7.121</span>; σταφυλαὶ παντοῖαι <span class="bibl">24.343</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>844e</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Apoc.</span>14.18</span>; <b class="b3">Πυρναίαις σ</b>. <span class="bibl">Theoc.1.46</span>; of ripe, fresh grapes, opp. <b class="b3">ὄμφαξ</b> on the one hand, and <b class="b3">σταφίς</b> on the other, <span class="title">AP</span>5.303: collectively in sg., <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PPetr.</span>3p.60</span> (iii B.C.), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PCair.Zen.</span>300.14</span> (iii B.C.), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">POxy.</span>116.18</span> (ii A.D.), etc. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b3">σ. ἀγρία</b>,= μήλωθρον <span class="bibl">1</span>, <span class="bibl">Thphr.<span class="title">HP</span>3.18.11</span>, <span class="bibl">Plin.<span class="title">HN</span>23.21</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> [[uvula when swollen at the end so as to resemble a grape]] on the stalk, <span class="bibl">Hp. <span class="title">Prog.</span>23</span>, <span class="bibl">Nicopho 28</span>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">HA</span>493a3</span>; of the [[uvula]] generally, Archig. ap.Gal.12.969,974; [[inflammation of the uvula]], IG42(1).126.30 (Epid, ii A.D.), Gal.7.731 (pl.). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">III</span> parox. <b class="b3">σταφύλη</b>, [[plummet of a level]], <b class="b3">ἵπποι . . σταφύλῃ ἐπὶ νῶτον ἔϊσαι</b> horses equal in height even [[by the level]], matched to a nicety, <span class="bibl">Il.2.765</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Call.<span class="title">Fr.</span>159</span>, Hsch., <span class="title">EM</span>742.44.</span>

|etymtx=Grammatical information: f.<br />Meaning: [[grape]] (Il.), metaph. [[swollen uvula]], [[uvula inflammation]] (Hp., Arist. etc.), also <b class="b3">σταφύλη</b> (accent after <b class="b3">κοτύλη</b>, <b class="b3">κανθύλη</b> a.o.?) <b class="b2">lead in the balance, plummet of a level</b> (Β 765).<br />Compounds: Compp., e.g. <b class="b3">σταφυλο-τομέω</b> <b class="b2">to cut off grapes, to operate the uvula</b> (late; cf. <b class="b3">δειρο-τομέω</b> s. <b class="b3">δέρη</b>), <b class="b3">ἐρι-στάφυλος</b> [[with big grapes]] (ep. Od.).<br />Derivatives: Dimin. <b class="b3">σταφυλ-ίς</b>, <b class="b3">-ίδος</b> f. (Theoc., Hp.), <b class="b3">-ιον</b> n. (M. Ant., pap.); <b class="b3">-ῖνος</b> m. [[carrot]] (Hp., Dsc. a.o.; Andrews ClassPhil. 44, 186f.), metaph. as name of an insect (Arist.; Strömberg Theophrastea 52); <b class="b3">-ίτης</b> m. surn. of Dionysos (Ael.; Redard 212); <b class="b3">-ωμα</b> n. name of an eye-disease (medic.; after <b class="b3">γλαύκωμα</b> a. o.). From <b class="b3">σταφύλη</b>: <b class="b3">σταφυλίζειν τὸ συνι</b><<b class="b3">σ</b>><b class="b3">άζειν τὰς ὤας τοῦ ἱματίου</b> H. -- PN <b class="b3">Στάφυλος</b> m. (on the accent Schw.-Debrunner 37).<br />Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin] (V)<br />Etymology: No etym.; perh. LW [loanword] (cf. Chantraine Form. 251, Schwyzer 485). Since long (s. Curtius 213) connected wit <b class="b3">στέμφυλα</b>, "was schon von Curtius a. O. mit Recht bezweifelt wird" (Frisk). The similarity with (<b class="b3">ἀ)σταφίς</b> (s.v.) is hardly accidental; <b class="b3">σταφίς</b> a cross? - Furnée 342, 373; also <b class="b3">ὁσταφίς</b>. The variants show clearly that the word is Pre-Greek. <b class="b3">στεμφυλ</b>- (s.v.) clearly belongs here too prensalization is typical of Pre-Greek. The total structure of the word (<b class="b2">a-</b>vocalism, <b class="b3">-υλ-</b>) is Pre-Greek.