στέφω: Difference between revisions

|Definition=<span class="bibl">Od.8.170</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span>431</span>, <span class="bibl">Hyp.<span class="title">Fr.</span>103</span>: impf. <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> ἔστεφον <span class="bibl">Il.18.205</span>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Th.</span>50</span>; στέφον <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Op.</span>75</span>: fut. στέψω <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>93</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Tr.</span>576</span> (anap.): aor. ἔστεψα <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phd.</span>58c</span>:—Med., fut. στέψομαι <span class="bibl">Ath.15.676d</span>: aor. ἐστεψάμην <span class="title">AP</span>9.363.3 (Mel.), <span class="bibl">D.H.<span class="title">Rh.</span>1.6</span>, etc., (ἐπ-) <span class="bibl">Il. 1.470</span>:—Pass., fut. στεφθήσομαι <span class="bibl">Gal.<span class="title">Protr.</span>13</span>: aor. ἐστέφθην <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hel.</span> 1360</span> (lyr.): pf. ἔστεμμαι <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Supp.</span>345</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phd.</span>58a</span>, etc.; Ion. pf. part. ἐστεθμένος <span class="title">Schwyzer</span> 725 (Milet., vi B.C.), cf. <b class="b3">στέθματα.—στεφανόω</b> is more freq., esp. in Prose:—[[put round]], ἀμφὶ δέ οἱ κεφαλῇ νέφος ἔστεφε δῖα θεάων <span class="bibl">Il.18.205</span>; ἀλλὰ θεὸς μορφὴν ἔπεσι στέφει <span class="bibl">Od.8.170</span>; <b class="b3">μνημεῖα πρὸς ἅρμ' Ἀδράστου χερσὶν ἔστεφον</b> [[hung]] them [[round]] it, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Th.</span> 50</span>; <b class="b3">λάφυρα δαΐων . . ἁγνοῖς δόμοις στέψω πρὸ ναῶν</b> ib.<span class="bibl">279</span>:—Med., [[put round one's head]], ποίην <span class="title">AP</span>9.363 (Mel.); <b class="b3">σκόροδα</b> prob. in <span class="bibl">Ath.15.676d</span>; κύκλους ἐλαίης <span class="bibl">Orph.<span class="title">A.</span>325</span>; ἰούλους <span class="title">Anacreont.</span>42.10. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> [[encircle]], [[crown]], [[wreath]], τινὰ ἄνθεσι <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Op.</span>75</span>; σε παγχρύσοις λαφύροις <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>93</span>; κρᾶτα μυρσίνης κλάδοις <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Alc.</span>759</span>; ἐρίῳ <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>398a</span>; κάρα κισσῷ <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ba.</span>341</span>; σ. τὴν πρύμναν τοῦ πλοίου <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phd.</span>58c</span>; νεκρόν Lyc.799; στήλην <span class="bibl">Call.<span class="title">Epigr.</span>8</span>, cf. <span class="title">AP</span>7.657 (Leon.); <b class="b3">ὁ στρατηγὸς ἔστεψέν [τινα] εἰς γυμνασίαρχ[ον</b>] Wilcken <span class="title">Chr.</span>41 ii 8 (iii A.D.):— Med., <b class="b3">στέφου κάρα</b> [[crown thy]] head, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ba.</span>313</span>; ἀμφὶ δὲ φύλλοις στεψάμενοι <span class="bibl">A.R.1.1124</span>; βάκχοισιν κεφαλὰς περιανθέσιν ἐστέψαντο Nic.<span class="title">Fr.</span> 130:—Pass., to [[be crowned]], <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Supp.</span>345</span>; τινι [[with]] a thing, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Eu.</span>44</span>; τινος <span class="bibl">Nonn.<span class="title">D.</span>5.282</span>: with acc. of the games in which the prize is won, στεφθεὶς παγκράτιον <span class="title">CIG</span>4380m10 (Oenoanda); ἔστεψαι τὰ Ὀλύμπια <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Merc.Cond.</span>13</span>; <b class="b3">ποσσάκις ἐστέφθης δρόμον</b>; <span class="title">IG</span>14.1603 (Rome); <b class="b3">στεφθεὶς στάδιν</b>( = [[στάδιον]]) ib.1108 (ibid.); of a magistracy, στεφέσθω Ἀχιλλεὺς κοσμητείαν <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PRyl.</span>77.34</span> (ii A.D.):— Med., Ἴσθμια καλλικόμοις στεψάμενον πίτυσιν <span class="bibl">Orph.<span class="title">Fr.</span>290</span>; στεψάμενοι σταδίοις <span class="title">APl.</span>5.371. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> [[wreathe]] a bowl or cup with leaves, <span class="bibl">Alex.119.6</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Fr.</span>380</span>; γυλλὸς ἐστεμμένος <span class="title">SIG</span>57.26 (Milet., v B.C.); <b class="b3">γυλλοὶ ἐστεθμένοι</b> <span class="title">Schwyzer</span> l.c. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> [[crown]] or [[honour]] with libations, <b class="b3">χοαῖσι τρισπόνδοισι τὸν νέκυν σ</b>. <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span>431</span>; τύμβον λοιβαῖσι . . στέψαντες <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">El.</span>53</span>; <b class="b3">ὅπως . . αὐτὸν ἀφνεωτέραις χερσὶ στέφωμεν</b> ib.<span class="bibl">458</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Or.</span>1322</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">III</span> Pass., <b class="b3">στέφανον τὸν ἐκ τῆς βύβλου στεφόμενον</b> [[twined]] of papyrus, <span class="bibl">Ath.15.676d</span> codd.:—Act., <b class="b3">στέφουσα</b>, title of a statue by Praxiteles, v.l. for [[στεφανοῦσα]] in <span class="bibl">Plin. <span class="title">HN</span>34.70</span>. (τὸ στέφειν πλήρωσίν τινα σημαίνει <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Fr.</span>101</span> (arguing from Hom.); cf. <b class="b3">ἐπιστέφω, ἐπιστεφής</b>; the orig. sense and etym. are doubtful.)</span>

|etymtx=-ομαι<br />Grammatical information: v.<br />Meaning: <b class="b2">to surround closely, to enclose tightly, to encase, to wreathe, to honour (with libations)</b> (for it, esp in prose, often <b class="b3">στεφανόω</b>).<br />Other forms: Aor. <b class="b3">στέψαι</b>, <b class="b3">-ασθαι</b> (Il.), pass. <b class="b3">στεφθῆναι</b>, fut. <b class="b3">στέψω</b>, <b class="b3">-ομαι</b>, perf. <b class="b3">ἔστεμμαι</b> (IA.; <b class="b3">ἐστεθμένος</b> Miletos VIa; cf. <b class="b3">στέθματα</b> below).<br />Compounds: Also w. <b class="b3">περι-</b>, <b class="b3">ἐπι-</b>, <b class="b3">κατα-</b> a.o. As 2. member a.o. in <b class="b3">χρυσο-στεφής</b> [[consisting of a golden garland]] (S.), but most verbal, e.g. <b class="b3">καταστεφ-ής</b> [[wreathed]] (: <b class="b3">κατα-στέφω</b>, S., A. R.).<br />Derivatives: 1. <b class="b3">στέφος</b> n. [[wreath]], [[garland]] (Emp., trag., late prose), metaph. [[honouring libation]] (A. Oh. 95); 2. <b class="b3">στέμμα</b>, most pl. <b class="b3">-ατα</b> n. [[band]], [[wreath]] (Il.), also as ornament of Rom. figures or ancestors, [[family tree]] (Plu., Sen., Plin.), [[guild]] (late inscr.) with <b class="b3">-ματίας</b> surn. of Apollon (Paus.), <b class="b3">-ματιαῖον</b> meaning uncertain (H., AB), <b class="b3">-ματόω</b> [[to wreathe]] (E.); on the byform <b class="b3">στέθματα τὰ στέμματα</b> H. s. Schwyzer 317 Zus. 1 (w. lit.). 3. <b class="b3">στέψις</b> f. [[the wreathing]] (pap. IIIp). 4. <b class="b3">στεπτικόν</b> n. <b class="b2">wreath-money, -toll</b> (pap. IIIp). 5. <b class="b3">στεπτήρια στέμματα</b>, <b class="b3">α οἱ ἱέται ἐκ τῶν κλάδων ἐξῆπτον</b> H.; <b class="b3">Στεπτήριον</b> n. name of a Delphic feast (Plu.). 6. <b class="b3">στεφών</b> m. [[summit]] (Ephesos IIIa), = <b class="b3">ὑψηλός</b>, <b class="b3">ἀπόκρημνος</b> H.; after <b class="b3">κολοφών</b> a.o. -- 7. <b class="b3">στεφάνη</b> f. [[fillet]], [[edge of a helmet]] also [[helmet]] (Trümpy Fachausdrücke 43. also Hainsworth JHSt. 78, 52), <b class="b2">edge of a rock, wall-pinnacle</b> (esp. ep. poet. Il., also hell. a. late prose). 8. <b class="b3">στέφανος</b> m. <b class="b2">wreath, frame, wreath of victory or honour, honour</b> (since Ν 736) with several derivv.: <b class="b3">-ιον</b>, <b class="b3">-ίσκος</b>, <b class="b3">-ίς</b>, <b class="b3">-ικός</b>, <b class="b3">-ιαῖος</b>. <b class="b3">-ίτης</b>, <b class="b3">-ιτικός</b>, <b class="b3">-ίζω</b>, <b class="b3">-ίξαι</b>; esp. <b class="b3">-όομαι</b>, <b class="b3">-όω</b>, also w. <b class="b3">περι-</b> a.o., <b class="b2">to form a wreath, to wreathe, to crown, to decorate, to honour</b> (Il.), from where <b class="b3">-ωμα</b>, <b class="b3">-ωματικός</b>, <b class="b3">-ωσις</b>, <b class="b3">-ωτής</b>. <b class="b3">-ωτίς</b> and <b class="b3">-ωτρίς</b> (Fraenkel Nom. ag. 1, 164), <b class="b3">-ωτικός</b>.<br />Origin: XX [etym. unknown]<br />Etymology: As the basic meaning of <b class="b3">στέφω</b>, from which all other formations ar serived, clearly is [[closely]], [[fest surrounded]], [[enclosed]], there is no reason not to connect, Skt. <b class="b2">stabhnā́ti</b>, perf. <b class="b2">tastámbha</b> <b class="b2">make fest, hold fest, support, stiffen, stem</b>, as already appears from <b class="b3">πύκα</b> [[close]], [[fest]], <b class="b3">πυκάζω</b> [[make fest]], [[enclose narrowly]], <b class="b3">ἄμ-πυξ</b> (and Av. [[pusā]]) [[band of the forehead]], [[diadem]] [but see s.v.]. Of the many further representatives of this great and difficult to limit wordgroup may only still be mentioned Skt. <b class="b2">stambha-</b> m. <b class="b2">making fest, stem, support, post, pillar</b>, Lith. <b class="b2">stam̃bas</b> [[stump]], [[stalk of a plant]], Latv. [[stabs]] [[pillar]], Germ. e.g. OHG [[stabēn]] [[be fixed]], [[stiff]] (Eastfris. [[staf]] [[stiff]], [[lame]]), OWNo. [[stefja]] [[stem]], OHG [[stab]], OWNo. [[stafr]] [[staff]]; IE <b class="b2">*stebh-</b>, <b class="b2">stembh-</b> (WP. 2, 623ff., Pok. 1011 ff.). -- As Skt. <b class="b2">stambha-</b> can also mean [[bumptiousness]], [[pretentious being]], the question has arisen, whether also <b class="b3">στόμφος</b> [[bombastic]], [[highflown speech]] belongs here; cf. on <b class="b3">στέμβω</b>. With <b class="b2">stabhnā́ti</b> etc. are often connected <b class="b3">στέμβω</b> [wrongly, s.v.], <b class="b3">ἀστεμφής</b> etc. assuming a meaning complex <b class="b2">press, stamp, stem, support, post etc.</b> (s. WP. and Pok. l. c.), a combination, which goes beyond what can be proven. -- Diff. on <b class="b3">στέφω</b>, <b class="b3">στέφανος</b> Lidén Streitberg-Festgabe 224ff.: to NPers. <b class="b2">tāǰ</b> [[corona]], [[diadema regium]], Arm. <b class="b2">t`ag</b> <b class="b2">id.</b>, ev. also to Osset. multiplicative suffix <b class="b2">-daɣ</b> (W. Oss. [[dudaɣ]]) with a basic meaning [[wind]], [[wrap]], [[fold]]; would be IE *(<b class="b2">s)tegʷʰ-</b>. == Frisk's discussion is completely dated. It is hampered by Pok. 1011, where (<b class="b2">*stebh-</b>. <b class="b2">*stembh-</b> and <b class="b2">*step-</b> are conbined; this is impossible in IE, so the grouping can best be completely dismissed (presence beside absence of a nasal is impossible, as is [[bh]]\/[[b]]\/[[p]].) Skt. <b class="b2">stabhnáti</b> has a root <b class="b2">*stembhH-</b>\/<b class="b2">*stm̥bhH-</b>, which cannot give Gr. <b class="b3">στεφ-</b>, not <b class="b3">στεμβ-</b>. It might be found in <b class="b3">ἀστεμφής</b>. = <b class="b3">σταφυλή</b> and <b class="b3">στέμφυλον</b> are a Pre-Greek group and have nothing to do with IE. = The argumentation around [[ἄμπυξ]] (s.v.) can better be abandoned. = For <b class="b3">στέφω</b> one expects *stebh- (without nasal), but no such root has been found; the Geranic words for <b class="b2">staff (Stab)</b> have a quite diff. meaning. = So <b class="b3">στέφω</b> has no etym.