σῖγα: Difference between revisions

|Definition=Adv., (σιγή) <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> [[silently]], used in Trag. (and late Ep., <span class="bibl">A.R.1.267</span>), σῖγ' ἔχοντες <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span>258</span>; σῖγ' ἔχουσα πρόσμενε <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">El.</span>1236</span>; <b class="b3">ἀλλὰ σ. πρόσμενε</b> ib.<span class="bibl">1399</span>; <b class="b3">ἄκουε σ</b>. <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Fr.</span>815</span>; <b class="b3">κάθησο σ</b>. <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ach.</span>59</span>: also as an exclam., σῖγα <b class="b2">hush! be still!</b> <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>1344</span>; so <b class="b3">οὐ σ</b>.; <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Th.</span>250</span>; <b class="b3">οὐ σῖγ' ἀνέξει</b>; <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>75</span>; the public crier proclaiming [[silence]] said <b class="b3">σ. πᾶς</b> (sc. <b class="b3">ἔστω</b>), <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ach.</span>238</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hec.</span>532</span>; σ. κηρῦξαι στρατῷ <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ph.</span> 1224</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b2">under one's breath, in a whisper, quietly, secretly</b> (cf. σιγή <span class="bibl">11</span>), τὰ δὲ σ. τις βαΰζει <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>449</span>; σῖγ' ἐπέρχεται φάτις <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span>700</span>; σ. σήμαινε <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ph.</span>22</span>; σ. μὲν ἡρώεσσιν ἐκέκλετο <span class="bibl">Orph.<span class="title">A.</span>702</span>; <b class="b3">πῶς αἱ πατρῷαί σ' ἄλοκες φέρειν . . σῖγ' ἐδυνάθησαν</b>; <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>1212</span>.</span>

|etymtx=Grammatical information: Adv.<br />Meaning: [[silently]], [[in silence]], also interj. <b class="b2">be quiet!, hush!</b> (trag.).<br />Derivatives: Besides <b class="b3">σιγάω</b> (Hom. only ipv. <b class="b3">σίγα</b>; ind. since h. Merc.), fut. <b class="b3">σιγήσομαι</b> (S., E., Ar. a. o.), <b class="b3">-ήσω</b> (AP, D. Chr. a. o.), perf. <b class="b3">σεσίγηκα</b> (Aeschin.), pass. <b class="b3">σιγ-άομαι</b> (S.), aor. <b class="b3">-θῆναι</b> (Hdt., E.), <b class="b3">-αθῆναι</b> (Theoc.), fut. <b class="b3">-ηθήσομαι</b> (E.), perf. <b class="b3">σεσίγ-ημαι</b>, Dor. <b class="b3">-αμαι</b> (Pi., E.), sometimes with <b class="b3">κατα-</b> a. o., 'to be quiet, to keep secret', pass. to [[be kept secret]]. Subst. <b class="b3">σιγή</b>, Dor. <b class="b3">-ά</b> (Pi.) f. [[silence]], [[secrecy]] (Il.; Hom. only <b class="b3">σιγῃ̃</b>; cf. below); late innovation <b class="b3">σῖγος</b> n. <b class="b2">id.</b> (An. Ox.; cf. Schwyzer 512). -- Derivations. 1. From <b class="b3">σιγή</b>: <b class="b3">σιγ-αλέος</b> [[silent]] (AP, Orph.), <b class="b3">-άζω</b> (Pi., X., D.C. a.o.; <b class="b3">κατα-</b> σῖγα Arist. a.o.) [[to make silent]]; <b class="b3">κατασιγαίνει</b> H to <b class="b3">πραΰνει</b>. 2. From <b class="b3">σιγάω</b>: <b class="b3">σιγ-ηλός</b>, Dor. (Pi.) <b class="b3">-αλός</b> [[silent]] (Hp., S., Arist. etc.; may also come from <b class="b3">σιγ</b>ή, Thieme Studien 50 A. 3), <b class="b3">-ηρός</b> <b class="b2">id.</b> (Men., LXX a. o.), <b class="b3">-ητής</b> m. [[silent person]] (Latium IIp), <b class="b3">-ητικός</b> [[silent]] (Hp.), <b class="b3">-ημονᾳ̃ς σιγᾳ̃ς</b> H. -- On the unclear <b class="b3">σιγ-άρνης</b> m. (Call. Epigr. 45, 6) s. Schwyzer RhM 75, 447 a. 77, 105.<br />Origin: XX [etym. unknown]<br />Etymology: As basis of this wordgroup is prob. to be considered the first interjectival adv. <b class="b3">σῖγα</b>; from there the ipv. <b class="b3">σίγα</b> and the instrumental dat. <b class="b3">σιγῃ̃</b> (cf. Porzig Satzinhalte 74) of a gradually built verbal and nominal inflection (Schwyzer 722 n. 3 a. 726, Schw.-Debr. 257 n. 1, Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 357; diff. Georgacas Glotta 36, 181 f.). -- For <b class="b3">σῖγα</b> onomatop. origin is prob., s. Schwyzer 307 w. lit. On the other hand <b class="b3">ῥίγα</b> (i.e. <b class="b3">Ϝίγα</b>) <b class="b3">σιώπα</b> H. points to orig. <b class="b3">*σϜιγ-</b>, which fits best to the WestGerm. verb for <b class="b2">schweigen (be silent)</b> in OHG [[swīgēn]] (only the velar is genetically deviant); on the anlaut cf. the doublet <b class="b3">ὗς</b> : <b class="b3">σῦς</b>. Further forms w. lit. and hypothetic connections in Bq, WP. 2, 534, Pok. 1052. -- Cf. [[σιωπάω]], <b class="b3">-ή</b>. On the IE expressions for [[be silent]] Porzig Gliederung 107.