σφριγάω: Difference between revisions

|Definition=[v. fin.], <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> <b class="b2">to be full to bursting, to be plump</b>, esp. of a woman's breasts, <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Mul.</span>1.71</span>; <b class="b3">οὔθατα σ</b>. <span class="bibl">Poll.1.250</span>: then, </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> generally, of young persons, high-fed horses, etc., <b class="b2">to be fresh, vigorous, in full health and strength</b>, νέῳ τε καὶ σφριγῶντι σώματι <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Andr.</span>196</span>; εὐσωματεῖ καὶ σφριγᾷ <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Nu.</span>799</span>; σφριγᾷ τὸ σῶμά σου <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Lys.</span>80</span>; τὰ σώματα σφριγῶντες <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>840b</span>; ἥβῃ σφριγῶντες <span class="bibl">Achae.4</span>; <b class="b3">οἱ μύες</b> (muscles) σφριγῶντες, ὡς ἂν εἴποι τις Archig. ap. Gal. 8.91; of animals, σφριγῶσα ἡμίονος <span class="bibl">Eust.1322.34</span>; βόες τὸν αὐχένα σφριγῶντες <span class="bibl">Hld.3.1</span>; of trees, <b class="b3">δένδρα σφριγῶντα νέοις κλωσίν</b> [[luxuriant]], <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Am.</span>12</span>; βότρυες σφριγῶντες <span class="bibl">D.Chr.7.75</span>; <b class="b3">εὐδίᾳ καὶ γαλήνῃ σ</b>. <span class="bibl">Ph.1.14</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> metaph., [[full-blooded]], [[swollen]] with passion or pride, σφριγῶντα θυμόν <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>382</span>; μῦθον <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Supp.</span>478</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">4</span> [[swell with desire]], [[be at heat]], <span class="bibl">Opp.<span class="title">C.</span>3.368</span>; τῶν σφριγώντων ἐν λόγοις <span class="title">Com.Adesp.</span> 276: c. inf., <span class="bibl">Ael.<span class="title">NA</span>14.5</span>. Chiefly used in the pres. part. [In Opp. l.c., for <b class="b3">σφρῑγᾷ</b> Lobeck conjectured <b class="b3">σφρῐγάᾳ</b>.]</span>

|etymtx=Grammatical information: v.<br />Meaning: <b class="b2">to teem, to be full unto bursting</b>, of women's breasts and udders, [[to brim with vitality and lust]], of men, animals and plants (Hp., A. Pr. 382, E., Pl.).<br />Other forms: only pres.stem, esp. ptc.<br />Derivatives: Backformation <b class="b3">σφρίγος</b> n. [[power]], [[strength]] (Hermipp.), <b class="b3">-ώδης</b> [[teeming]] (Orib.), <b class="b3">-ανός</b> [[teeming]], [[swelling]] (Theoc. 11, 21 v. l., Hp. ap. Tim. Lex., Poll., sch.).<br />Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]X [probably]<br />Etymology: Intensive formation in <b class="b3">-άω</b> (Schwyzer 719) of popular character, which makes the search for a direct etymology a difficult enterprise. An "evident" (Persson Beitr. 2. 871 n. 2) connection with Norw. dial. [[sprikja]], Swed. dial. [[sprika]] <b class="b2">unyoke, spread out, split apart etc.</b> in Bugge KZ 20, 40 (also in Bq, WP. 2, 683f., Pok. 1001). -- Unclear <b class="b3">σφριαί ἀπειλαί</b>, <b class="b3">ὀργαί</b> H. If this belongs here, prob. loss of the <b class="b3">γ</b>; cf. Hiersche Ten. asp. 200 n. 50 w. lit. -- Furnée 175 compares Celtic <b class="b2">*brigos</b> [[power]], [[courage]], [[liveliness]] (It. brio REW 1297); beside <b class="b3">σφριαί</b> he adduces 168 <b class="b3">βρι</b>, <b class="b3">βριάω</b>, 247 <b class="b3">βριμάω</b>, 375 <b class="b3">ὄβριμος</b>, <b class="b3">βριμός</b>; the word would be Pre-Greek.