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βία: Difference between revisions
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|Transliteration C=via | |Transliteration C=via | ||
|Beta Code=bi/a | |Beta Code=bi/a | ||
|Definition=Ion. βίη [ῐ], ἡ: Ep. dat. <span class="sense"><p> <span class="bld">A</span> βίηφι <span class="bibl">Od.6.6</span>:—[[bodily strength]], [[force]], Hom., etc.; χειρῶν βία <span class="bibl">B. 10.91</span>:—in Hom., periphr. of strong men, βίη Ἡρακληείη <span class="bibl">Il.2.658</span>, where the part. masc. | |Definition=Ion. βίη [ῐ], ἡ: Ep. dat. <span class="sense"><p> <span class="bld">A</span> βίηφι <span class="bibl">Od.6.6</span>:—[[bodily strength]], [[force]], Hom., etc.; χειρῶν βία <span class="bibl">B. 10.91</span>:—in Hom., periphr. of strong men, βίη Ἡρακληείη <span class="bibl">Il.2.658</span>, where the part. masc. [[πέρσας]] follows, cf. <span class="bibl">11.690</span>; <b class="b3">βίη Ἐτεοκληείη, Ἰφικλείη</b>, <span class="bibl">4.386</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.11.290</span>, etc.; βίη Διομήδεος <span class="bibl">Il.5.781</span>; also ἲς… βίης Ἠρακληείης <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Th.</span>332</span>: so in Lyr. and Trag., Πέλοπος βία <span class="bibl">B.5.181</span>; <b class="b3">Τυδέως βία, Πολυνείκους β</b>., <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Th.</span> 571</span>,<span class="bibl">577</span>; φίλτατ' Αἰγίσθου β. <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ch.</span>893</span>; <b class="b3">θήρειος β</b>., = [[Κένταυροι]], <span class="bibl">S. <span class="title">Tr.</span>1059</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">2</span> personified, Κράτος Βία τε <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>12</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">3</span> of the mind, οὐκ ἔστι βίη φρεσίν <span class="bibl">Il.3.45</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">b</span> of an argument, βίαν οὐκ ἔχειν πρὸς <τὸ> ἀποδειξαι <span class="bibl">Phld.<span class="title">Sign.</span>9</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">II</span> [[act of violence]], ὕβρις τε βίη τε <span class="bibl">Od.15.329</span>: mostly in pl., κείνων γε βίας ἀποτείσεαι <span class="bibl">11.117</span>; βίας ὑποδέγμενος ἀνδρῶν <span class="bibl">16.189</span>; βίαι ἀνέμων <span class="bibl">Il.16.213</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b3">βίᾳ τινός</b> [[against]] one's [[will]], [[in spite of]] him, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Th.</span>746</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span>79</span>, <span class="bibl">Th.1.43</span>, etc.; β. φρενῶν <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Th.</span>612</span>; β. καρδίας <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Supp.</span>798</span>; [[β]]. alone as Adv., [[perforce]], <span class="bibl">Od.15.231</span>, <span class="bibl">B.17.10</span>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>74</span>, al.; βίῃ ἐπειρᾶτο <span class="bibl">Hdt. 6.5</span>; opp. <b class="b3">κατὰ φύσιν</b>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Ph.</span>215a1</span>; also πρὸς βίαν τινός <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Eu.</span>5</span>; πρὸς βίαν ἄγειν τινά <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Pr.</span>210</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>805</span>, <span class="bibl">Eup.8.10</span> D., <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">V.</span>443</span>, etc.; opp. [[ἑκών]], <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phdr.</span>236d</span>; ἐκ βίας <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span>563</span>, al., <span class="bibl">Herod.5.58</span>; ὑπὸ βίης <span class="bibl">Hdt.6.107</span>; ἀπὸ βίας <span class="bibl">D.S.20.51</span>; of Zeus, εὐμενεῖ βία κτίσας <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Supp.</span>1068</span>(lyr.). </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">3</span> in Att. law, [[rape]], <b class="b3">βίας δίκη</b> Sch.<span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>464e</span>; βίᾳ αἰσχύνεσθαί τινα <span class="bibl">Lys.1.32</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">4</span> = Lat. [[vis]], <b class="b3">βίας γραφή</b> D C.37.31, cf. 33; μαρτύρομαι τὴν βίαν <span class="bibl"><span class="title">POxy.</span>1120.11</span> (iii A. D.). (Cf. Skt. <b class="b2">jyā´ jiyā´</b> 'preponderating power', [[jināti]] 'oppress'.)</span> | ||
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{{etym | {{etym | ||
|etymtx=Grammatical information: f.<br />Meaning: [[strength]], [[force]] (Il.).<br />Dialectal forms: Ion. | |etymtx=Grammatical information: f.<br />Meaning: [[strength]], [[force]] (Il.).<br />Dialectal forms: Ion. [[βίη]]<br />Compounds: [[ὑπέρβιος]] (Il.), [[ἀντίβιος]] (Il.) etc.<br />Derivatives: [[βίαιος]] [[violent]] (Od.); [[βιατάς]] m. [[strong]] (Alkm.). Denom. Verb [[βιάομαι]], [[βιάω]] (Il.), [[βιάζομαι]], [[βιάζω]] (Il). [[βιασμός]] (Eup.), [[βιαστήρ]] (Gorg.) [[violent man]], [[βιαστικός]] [[using violence]] (Pl.). - [[βινέω]] s. v.<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [469] <b class="b2">*gʷei-</b> [[conquer]], [[force]]<br />Etymology: Identical with Skt. <b class="b2">jáyati</b> [[conquer]]; therefore one reconstructs <b class="b2">*gʷei-</b>. Not to Skt. <b class="b2">j(i)yā́</b> [[robbery]]?, as Av. [[ziia]] points to <b class="b2">*ǵh-</b>; Mayrh. EWAia 1, 574. | ||
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{{mdlsj | {{mdlsj | ||
