διδάσκω: Difference between revisions

|Definition=Ep.inf. <b class="b3">διδάσκέμεναι</b> and <b class="b3">διδάσκέμεν</b>, <span class="bibl">Il.9.442</span>, <span class="bibl">23.308</span>: fut. <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> διδάξω <span class="bibl">A. <span class="title">Supp.</span>519</span>, etc.: aor. ἐδίδαξα <span class="bibl">Il.23.307</span>, etc.; poet. ἐδιδάσκησα <span class="bibl"><span class="title">h.Cer.</span> 144</span> (prob.), <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Op.</span>64</span>, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>4.217</span>: pf. δεδίδαχα <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>1.3.18</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl. <span class="title">Men.</span>85e</span>:—Med., fut. [[διδάξομαι]]: aor. [[ἐδιδαξάμην]]:—Pass., fut. διδαχθήσομαι <span class="bibl">D.H.3.70</span>, etc.: aor. ἐδιδάχθην <span class="bibl">Sol.13.51</span>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.81</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Nu.</span> 637</span>, etc.: pf. δεδίδαγμαι <span class="bibl">Il.11.831</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phdr.</span>269c</span>, etc. Redupl. form of [[δάω]] (q.v.) in causal sense:—[[instruct]] a person, or [[teach]] a thing, <span class="bibl">Il. 11.832</span>, <span class="bibl">9.442</span>: c. dupl. acc., [[σε ἱπποσύνας ἐδίδαξαν]] = [[they taught thee riding]], <span class="bibl">23.307</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Od.8.481</span>; πολλὰ διδάσκει μ' ὁ πολὺς βίοτος <span class="bibl">E. <span class="title">Hipp.</span>252</span> (lyr.), etc.; also δ. τινὰ περί τινος <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Nu.</span>382</span>; δ. τῶν γενομένων τισὶ τὴν ἀλήθειαν <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Tht.</span>201b</span>: c. acc. pers. et inf., σε διδάσκουσιν θεοὶ αὐτοὶ ὑψαγόρην ἔμεναι = [[teach]] thee to be... <span class="bibl">Od.1.384</span>: c. inf. only, δίδαξε γὰρ Ἄρτεμις αὐτὴ βάλλειν ἄγρια πάντα = she taught how to shoot, <span class="bibl">Il.5.51</span>, etc.: without inf., πολλοὶ τοὺς υἱοὺς ῥήτορας διδάσκουσιν Aristonym. ap. Stob.3.4.105; δ. πολλοὺς αὐλητάς Charon <span class="bibl">9</span>; τούτους ἱππέας ἐδίδαξεν οὐδενὸς χείρους <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Men.</span>94b</span>; also δ. τινὰ σοφόν <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Heracl.</span>575</span>: with an abstract subject, πολυμαθίη νόον οὐ διδάσκει <span class="bibl">Heraclit.40</span>; ξενιτείη αὐτάρκειαν δ. <span class="bibl">Democr.246</span>:—Med., [[teach oneself]], [[learn]], φθέγμα καὶ ἀστυνόμους ὀργὰς ἐδιδάξατο <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span> 356</span> (lyr.); but usu., [[have]] one [[taught]] or [[educated]], esp. of a father, τὰ ἄλλα… διδάσκεσθαι τοὺς ὑεῖς <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Prt.</span>325b</span>; δ. τοὺς ὑεῖς τὰς κούφας ἐργασίας <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pol.</span>1321a24</span>: c. inf., δ. τινὰ ἱππεύειν <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>467e</span>; δ. τινα ἱππέα <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Men.</span>93d</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Mem.</span>4.4.5</span> (this distn. between Act. and Med. was neglected by some Poets and late Prose writers, Med. being used like Act. in <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>8.59</span>, <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Somn.</span>10</span>, etc.; but in <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Nu.</span>783</span> Elmsl. restored  

διδάξαιμ' ἄν σ' ἔτι for διδαξαίμην σ' ἔτι, and in <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>421e</span> Cobet cj. [[διδάξει]] for <b class="b3">διδάσκεται</b>: Med. is used of gods, [θεοί]… ὅπλων χρῆσιν διδαξάμενοι <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Mx.</span>238b</span>):—Pass., to [[be taught]], [[learn]], c. gen., [[διδασκόμενος πολέμοιο]] = [[trained in war]], [[skilled in war]], <span class="bibl">Il. 16.811</span>: c. acc., τά σε προτί φασιν Ἀχιλλῆος δεδιδάχθαι = which [medicines] they say thou wert taught by Achilles, <span class="bibl">11.831</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Arat.529</span>; ὃς οὔτ' ἐδιδάχθη οὔτε εἶδε καλὸν οὐδέν <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.81</span>; διδάξω καὶ διδάξομαι λόγους <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Andr.</span>739</span>: freq. c. inf., δεδιδαγμένον εἶναι χειροήθεα <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.69</span>; βρέφος διδάσκεται λέγειν ἀκούειν θ' <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Supp.</span>914</span>; διδάσκεσθαι ὡς… <span class="bibl">X. <span class="title">HG</span>2.3.45</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> c. gen., [[indicate]], [[give sign of]], χειμῶνος συναγειρομένοιο <span class="bibl">Arat.793</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">734</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> abs., [[explain]], πῶς δή; δίδαξον <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Eu.</span> 431</span>; σαφῶς δ. <span class="bibl">Th.2.60</span>, etc.; [[show by argument]], [[prove]], λέγων διδασκέτω <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>5.7.11</span>, etc.; δ. περί τινος ὡς… <span class="bibl">Th.3.71</span>; ἡλίκον ἐστὶ τὸ ἀλαζόνευμα… πειράσομαι… διδάξαι <span class="bibl">Aeschin.3.238</span>; ποιητὴς δ. ὅτι… <span class="bibl">Jul. <span class="title">Or.</span>2.50b</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">III</span> of dithyrambic and dramatic Poets (cf. διδάσκαλος <span class="bibl">11</span>), διδάσκω διθύραμβον, [[δρᾶμα]], [[produce]] a piece, <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.23</span>, <span class="bibl">6.21</span>; Πέρσας <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ra.</span>1026</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Prt.</span>327d</span>, <span class="title">IG</span>12.770, al.:—Med., [[διδάξασθαι χορόν]] = [[train]] one's own [[chorus]], <span class="bibl">Simon.145</span>.</span>

|etymtx=Grammatical information: v.<br />Meaning: [[teach]] (Od.)<br />Other forms: Aor. <b class="b3">διδάξαι</b> (like <b class="b3">ἀλύσκω</b> : <b class="b3">ἀλύξαι</b>; s. lit. below), perf. med. <b class="b3">δεδιδάχθαι</b>; posthom. <b class="b3">διδασκῆσαι</b> (Hes.), <b class="b3">διδάξω</b> (A.), <b class="b3">δεδίδαχα</b> (Pl.)<br />Derivatives: <b class="b3">διδάσκαλος</b> m. (f.) [[teacher]] (Ion.-Att., h. Merc.) with <b class="b3">διδασκαλία</b> [[doctrine]], [[education]] (Pi.), <b class="b3">διδασκάλιον</b> [[knowledge]] (Hdt.), late in plur. [[premium]], <b class="b3">διδασκαλικός</b> [[belonging to the teacher]], <b class="b3">διδασκαλεῖον</b> [[school]] (Ion.-Att.). - (After <b class="b3">ταράξαι</b> : <b class="b3">ταραχή</b>, <b class="b3">τάραξις</b>, <b class="b3">τάραγμα</b>) <b class="b3">διδαχή</b> [[education]] (Ion.-Att.), <b class="b3">δίδαξις</b> <b class="b2">id.</b> (E.), <b class="b3">δίδαγμα</b> <b class="b2">id.</b> (Ion.-Att.), <b class="b3">διδαγμοσύνη</b> <b class="b2">id.</b> (astrol.). - <b class="b3">δίδακτρα</b> pl. [[teachers fee]] (Theoc.; cf. Chantr. Form. 332); <b class="b3">διδακτήριον</b> [[proof]] (Hp.); - <b class="b3">διδακτικός</b> [[prepared to learn]] (Ph., NT).<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [201) <b class="b2">*d(e)ns-</b> [[teach]]<br />Etymology: Reduplicated <b class="b3">σκ-</b>presens with factitive meaning to [[δαῆναι]] (s. v.) < <b class="b3">*δασ-ῆναι</b>; because the stem syllable became unclear the reduplication, and partly also the <b class="b3">σκ-</b>suffix was used in the non-present forms. - See Debrunner Mélanges Boisacq 1, 251ff.