μαραίνω: Difference between revisions

|Definition=fut. <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> μᾰρᾰνῶ <span class="bibl">Orph.<span class="title">Fr.</span>262</span>, <span class="title">Epigr.Gr.</span>854 (Delos): aor.1 ἐμάρᾱνα <span class="bibl"><span class="title">h.Merc.</span>140</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>1328</span>, etc.:—Med., aor. <b class="b3">ἐμᾰρηνάμην</b> (v. infr.):—Pass., fut. μᾰρανθήσομαι <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ep.Jac.</span>1.11</span>, Gal.7.691: aor. ἐμᾰράνθην <span class="bibl">Il.9.212</span>, Lyc.1231, etc.: pf. μεμάρασμαι Dsc.1.99, <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Anach.</span> 25</span>, <b class="b3">μεμάραμαι</b> (leg. -αμμ-) v.l. in Dsc. l.c., <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Pomp.</span>31</span>: 3sg. plpf. μεμάραντο <span class="bibl">Q.S.9.371</span>:—[[quench]] fire, <b class="b3">ἀνθρακιήν</b> <span class="title">h.Merc.</span>l.c.:—Pass., [[die away]], [[go slowly out]], of fire, <b class="b3">φλὸξ ἐμαράνθη</b> Il.l.c.; πυρκαϊὴ ἐμαραίνετο <span class="bibl">23.228</span>, cf. <span class="title">AP</span>5.4 (Stat. Flacc.): distd. from <b class="b3">σβέννυσθαι</b> as that which goes out of itself, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Cael.</span>305a11</span>; of rays of light, <span class="bibl">Arat.862</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> later, in various senses, <b class="b3">ὄψεις μ</b>. [[quench]] the orbs of sight, S.l.c.; esp. [[waste]], [[wither]], [νόσος] μαραίνει με <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>597</span> (lyr.); γῆρας ἁμὲ μαραῖνον ταριχεύει <span class="bibl">Sophr.54</span>; κάλλος ἢ χρόνος ἀνάλωσεν ἢ νόσος ἐμάρανε <span class="bibl">Isoc.1.6</span>; μάραινε [αὐτὸν] διώγμασι <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Eu.</span>139</span>; πίνος πλευρὰν μ. <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>1260</span>; πάνθ' ὁ μέγας χρόνος μ. <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Aj.</span>714</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl">Philem.240</span>; ἀδικία φθείρει [τὴν ψυχὴν] καὶ μ. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>609d</span>:—Med., νέους ἐμαρήνατο δαίμων <span class="title">IG</span>5(1).1355 (Abia):—Pass., [[waste away]], <b class="b3">καμάτοισι</b> (v.l. [[ὑπὸ νούσοις]]) <span class="bibl">Emp.[156.3]</span>; νόσῳ <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Alc.</span>203</span>; τὸ σῶμα οὐκ ἐμαραίνετο <span class="bibl">Th.2.49</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Plt.</span>270e</span>; but also of a tumour, [[disappear]], <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Epid.</span>7.84</span>; <b class="b3">αἷμα… μαραίνεται χερός</b> blood [[dies away from]] my hand, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Eu.</span>280</span>; of a river, [[dry up]], <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.24</span>; μ. ἡ κίνησις <span class="bibl">Arist. <span class="title">Pr.</span>901a26</span>; of a musical sound, [[die away]], ib.<span class="bibl">921b15</span>; τὸ νοεῖν μ. <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">de An.</span>408b24</span>; of winds and waves, [[abate]], <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Pyrrh.</span>15</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Mar.</span>37</span>; of wine, [[lose its strength]], Id.2.692d; κῦδος μαρανθέν Lyc.1231, cf. 1127; <b class="b3">μ. ἀκμή, δύναμις</b>, <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Fab.</span>2</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Caes.</span>3</span>; τῶν ἐπιθυμιῶν καὶ ὀργῶν μεμαρασμένων <span class="bibl">Porph.<span class="title">Abst.</span>3.26</span>. (Perh. cf. Lat. [[morbus]]; signf. <span class="bibl">11</span> may be the earlier in origin.)</span>

|etymtx=Grammatical information: v.<br />Meaning: [[quench]], [[destroy]], Med.-Pass. [[die away]], [[wither]] (Il.),<br />Other forms: aor. <b class="b3">μαρᾶναι</b> (h. Merc.; Zumbach Neuerungen 57), pass. <b class="b3">μαρανθῆναι</b> (Il.), perf. midd. <b class="b3">μεμάρα(σ)μαι</b> and fut. <b class="b3">μαρανῶ</b> (late).<br />Compounds: Also with <b class="b3">ἀπο-</b>, <b class="b3">κατα-</b>, <b class="b3">προ-</b>, <b class="b3">ἐκ-</b>.<br />Derivatives: <b class="b3">μάρανσις</b> [[dying away]], [[wither]] (Arist.; Holt Les noms d'action en <b class="b3">-σις</b> 136 n. 1), <b class="b3">μαρασμός</b> [[withering]] with <b class="b3">μαρασμώδης</b> (Mediz.); <b class="b3">μαραντικός</b> [[withering]] (Phryn., Sch.).<br />Origin: XX [etym. unknown]<br />Etymology: The above forms, the nominal derivv. included, form a system built through analogy, which replaced an older set of primary formations. As example served denominatives with a comparable meaning like <b class="b3">κηραίνω</b> [[damage]], [[corrupt]] or an oppositum like <b class="b3">ἰαίνω</b>, <b class="b3">ἰᾶναι</b> [[refresh]], for which we can suppose an old primary nasalpresent (cf. s. v.). For <b class="b3">μαραίνω</b> too a nasalpresent may have been the precursor; s. <b class="b3">μάρναμαι</b> with further connections; on this Schwyzer 693 and Fraenkel Denom. 23. Chantr. thinks that the root may be related to Lat. [[morior]] etc. -- A NGr. representative is <b class="b3">μαραγγιάζω</b> [[flourish till the end]], [[perish]] (Hatzidakis <b class="b3">Ἀθ</b>. 43, 186f.).