ναῦς: Difference between revisions

|Definition=ἡ, (v. infr.) <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> [[ship]], Hom., etc. (but rare in non-literary Hellenistic Greek, once in [[NT]], Act.Ap.27.41, [[πλοῖον]] being generally used); <b class="b3">ἐν νήεσσι</b> or <b class="b3">ἐν νηυσίν</b> at [[the ships]], i.e. in the camp formed by the ships drawn up on shore, <span class="bibl">Il.2.688</span>, <span class="bibl">11.659</span>; <b class="b3">νῆες μακραί</b> [[ships]] of war, built long and taper for speed, <span class="bibl">Th.1.41</span>, etc.; opp. <b class="b3">νῆες στρογγύλαι</b> round-built merchant-[[ships]], <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.163</span>, etc.; [[νέες]] alone, = [[τριήρεις]], opp. [[πεντηκόντεροι]], <span class="bibl">Id.8.1</span>; <b class="b3">νῆες κεναί</b>, i.e. without fighting men in them, <span class="bibl">D.3.5</span>; <b class="b3">ναῦς μακρά</b> collective for [[μακραί]], <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pers.</span>380</span>.— Att. decl. ναῦς, νεώς, νηΐ, ναῦν, dual gen. νεοῖν, pl. νῆες, νεῶν (νηῶν is v.l. in <span class="bibl">Lys.13.15</span>), <b class="b3">ναυσί, ναῦς</b>; in later writers, nom. pl. [[ναῦς]], acc. pl. [[νῆας]], <span class="bibl">D.S.13.13</span>, <span class="bibl">Plb.5.2.4</span>, etc., cf. Phryn.147:— Ep. νηῦς, <b class="b3">νηός, νηΐ, νῆα</b>, pl. <b class="b3">νῆες, νηῶν, νηυσί</b> or <b class="b3">νήεσσι, νῆας</b> (but also gen. and acc. sg. <b class="b3">νεός, νέα</b> [the latter as monosyll. in <span class="bibl">Od.9.283</span>], pl. <b class="b3">νέες, νεῶν, νέεσσι, νέας</b>); Ep. gen. and dat. pl. <b class="b3">ναῦφι, -φιν</b>, <span class="bibl">Il.2.794</span>, <span class="bibl">16.281</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.14.498</span>; in late Ep., nom. [[νῆυς]] dub. l. in <span class="bibl">Mosch.2.104</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">EM</span>440.17</span>; acc. sg. and pl. <b class="b3">νηῦν, νηῦς</b>, <span class="bibl">A.R.1.1358</span>, <span class="bibl">Herod.2.3</span>, Dem. Bith.<span class="bibl">4.6</span>: Hdn.Gr.<span class="bibl">1.401</span>, <span class="bibl">2.675</span>,<span class="bibl">553</span> also gives <b class="b3">νεῦς, νεΐ</b> (v.l. in <span class="bibl">Hdt. 7.184</span>), and [[νευσί]] (<span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Ep.</span>27</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Sammelb.</span>5829</span>):—Ion. νηῦς, <b class="b3">νεός, νηΐ, νέα</b>, pl. <b class="b3">νέες, νεῶν, νηυσί</b> ([[νηυσίν]] Epigr. in <span class="title">IG</span>12(8).683 (Thasos, vi/v B. C.)), [[νέας]] (but νηός Archil.(?) in <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PLit.Lond.</span>54</span>; [[νηός]] is freq. in codd. of Hdt., νηῶν <span class="bibl">7.160</span>):—Dor. ναῦς ([[νᾶς]] Hdn.Gr.<span class="bibl">1.400</span>), νᾱός <span class="bibl">Pi. <span class="title">P.</span>4.185</span>, al., νᾱΐ <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">O.</span>13.54</span>, al. ([[νᾷ]] perh. to be read in <span class="bibl">Alcm.23 iii 27</span>), ναῦν <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>4.245</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Fr.</span>234</span> ([[νᾶν]] Hdn.Gr.<span class="bibl">1.328</span>, νᾶα <span class="bibl">B.16.89</span>); pl. νᾶες <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>12.4</span>,al., ναῶν <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">P.</span>1.74</span>, <b class="b3">ναυσί, ναυσίν</b>, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">N.</span>7.29</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">P.</span>3.68</span> ([[νάεσσι]] ib.<span class="bibl">4.56</span>), [[νᾶας]] f.l. in <span class="bibl">Theoc.22.17</span>:—Aeol. sg. gen. [[νᾶος]], dat. [[νᾶϊ]], pl. dat. [[νάεσσι]], <span class="bibl">Alc.19</span>,<span class="bibl">18</span>,<span class="bibl">79</span>, gen. νᾱων Id.<span class="title">Supp.</span>12.9, <span class="bibl">Sapph. <span class="title">Supp.</span>5.2</span>:—Trag. commonly use Dor. forms in lyr., Att. in dialogue (but sts. <b class="b3">ναός, ναῶν</b>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Th.</span>62</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Pers.</span>340</span>, etc.); the Ep. forms νηός <span class="bibl">S. <span class="title">Fr.</span>761</span>, νηῶν <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">IT</span>1485</span>, νῆας <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Supp.</span>744</span> (lyr.), νηυσίν <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Pers.</span>370</span> (cod. M) are prob. corrupt. (Cf. Skt. [[naús]], Lat. [[nāvis]], etc.)</span>

|etymtx=Grammatical information: f.<br />Meaning: [[ship]] (Il.; details on the inflection in Schwyzer 578, with Sommer <b class="b3">Μνήμης χάριν</b> 2, 142ff.).<br />Other forms: (ep. Ion. [[νηῦς]]), [[νεώς]] ([[νηός]], [[νεός]], Dor. [[ναός]]), [[νηΐ]] ([[ναΐ]]), [[ναῦν]] ([[νῆα]], [[νέα]]), pl. [[νῆες]] ([[νέες]], <b class="b3">να̃ες</b>), [[νεῶν]] ([[νηῶν]], [[ναῶν]]), [[ναυσί]] ([[νηυσί]], [[νήεσσι]]), [[ναῦς]] ([[νῆας]], [[νέας]]).<br />Compounds: Several compp., e.g. <b class="b3">ναύ-αρχος</b> [[ship-commander]] (IA.), <b class="b3">νε-ώριον</b>, <b class="b3">νε-ωλκέω</b> (s. v.); with dat. pl., e.g. <b class="b3">ναυσί-κλυτος</b>, <b class="b3">-κλειτος</b> [[famous for his ship]] (ep. poet. Od.; Leumann Hom. Wörter 37), <b class="b3">ναυσί-πορος</b> (X., Arist.) = <b class="b3">ναύ-πορος</b> (A., A. R.) [[sailed by ships]]; as 2. member a.o. in <b class="b3">χιλιό-ναυς</b> [[consisting of thousand ships]] (E., Str.); amalgamation with <b class="b3">ία-</b>suffix e.g. (<b class="b3">πεντεκαι-</b>) <b class="b3">δεκα-να-ΐα</b> f. <b class="b2">fleet of fifteen\/ten ships</b> (Plb. resp. D.; Schulze Kl. Schr. 364). On <b class="b3">ναυ-αγός</b>, <b class="b3">ναύ-κληρος</b> s. v.<br />Derivatives: A. [[νήϊος]], Dor. [[νάϊος]] (Il.), [[νηΐτης]] (<b class="b3">νῃ̃της</b>?; s. Redard 12 a. 43 w. n. a. lit.; Th., A. R.) [[consisting of ships]], [[belonging to the ship]]. -- B. [[ναύτης]], Dor. <b class="b3">-τας</b> ([[ναύστης]] pap. w. anal. <b class="b3">-σ-</b>; cf. Schwyzer 500) m. [[sailer]], [[ship-passenger]], (Il.) with several derivv: 1. f. [[ναῦτις]], <b class="b3">-ιδος</b> adjunct of [[γυναῖκες]] (Theopomp. Com.), [[ναύτρια]] (Ar.Fr.825; Fraenkel Nom. ag. 1, 75; 2, 118); 2. <b class="b3">ναυτ-εία</b> f. [[shipping]] (hell. inscr. a. pap.), after [[στρατεία]] (: [[στρατεύω]]) a.o.; 3. <b class="b3">ναυτ-ία</b> (Arist., Aret.), Ion. [[ναυσίη]] (Semon.), [[seasickness]], [[disgust]] (Scheller Oxytonierung 41) with <b class="b3">ναυτι-ώδης</b> [[prone to seasickness]], [[sickening]] (medic., Plu.), <b class="b3">ναυτ-ιάω</b> [[be seasick]], [[be disgusted]] (Att.; [[ναυτία]] partly backformation), <b class="b3">-ιασμός</b> = [[ναυτία]] (Hippiatr.); 4. <b class="b3">ναυτ-ικός</b> [[consisting of seamen]], [[nautical]] also (referring to [[ναῦς]]) [[nautical]] (IA.; Chantraine Études 116ff.); 5. <b class="b3">ναυτ-ίλος</b> subst. m. a. adj. [[shipper]], [[seaman]], [[nautical]] (Hdt., trag.), also name of a mollusc, [[paper nautilus]], [[Argonauta argo]] (Arist.; Thompson Fishes s.v.; on the formation Schwyzer 484 f., Chantraine Form. 248 f.); <b class="b3">ναυτιλ-ία</b>, <b class="b3">-ίη</b> [[navigation]], [[sea-journey]] (θ 253; also connected with [[ναυτίλλομαι]], Scheller Oxytonierung 35; cf. also Krarup Class. et Med. 10, 9), [[ναυτίλλομαι]] [[be sailor]], [[sail]] (Od.); 6. [[Ναυτεύς]] m. PN (θ 112 beside [[πρυμνεύς]]; Wackernagel KZ 24, 297 = Kl. Schr. 758, Bosshardt 94). -- C. On [[ναῦλον]] and [[ναῦσθλον]] s. v.<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [755] <b class="b2">*neh₂us</b> [[ship]]<br />Etymology: Old IE word for [[ship]], which is also found in Indo-Iran., Armen., Lat., Celt., Germ. and Illyr. The original inflection is in Greek as in Skt. and in Lat. largely preserved, e.g. [[ναῦς]] = Skt. <b class="b2">náuṣ</b>, IE <b class="b2">*neh₂u-s</b>; <b class="b3">νῆ(Ϝ)α</b> = Skt. <b class="b2">nā́vam</b> (with analog. <b class="b2">-m</b>), Lat. [[nāv-em]] (to which nom. [[nāvis]]), IE <b class="b2">*neh₂u̯-m̥</b>; <b class="b3">νῆ(Ϝ)ες</b> = Skt. <b class="b2">nā́vas</b>, IE <b class="b2">*neh₂u̯-es</b>, <b class="b3">νῆ(Ϝ)ας</b> = Skt. <b class="b2">nā́v-as</b>, IE <b class="b2">*neh₂u̯-n̥s</b> etc. -- Forms from other languages : Iran., e.g. NPers. [[nāv]], Arm. [[naw]] (iran. LW [loanword]?), Celt., e.g. OIr. [[nau]], Germ., e.g. OWNo. [[nōr]] m., Illyr. ON [[Nau-na]], [[Nau-portus]]. Details in Schwyzer 578, W.-Hofmann s. [[nāvis]], Mayrhofer s. <b class="b2">náuḥ</b>, Wackernagel -Debrunner III 217ff. On the laryngeals Szemerenyi KZ 73, 185ff. -- Lat. LW [loanword] [[nauta]], [[nausea]].