ποιμήν: Difference between revisions

|Definition=ένος, ὁ, voc. <b class="b3">ποιμήν</b> (not <b class="b3">-μέν</b>) Hdn.Gr.<span class="bibl">2.717</span>:—<span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> [[herdsman]], whether of sheep or oxen, <span class="bibl">Od.10.82</span>-<span class="bibl">5</span>, al.; opp. lord or owner (ἄναξ), <span class="bibl">4.87</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> after Hom. always [[shepherd]], βουκόλοι καὶ π. <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ba.</span> 714</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Cratin.281</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Tht.</span>174d</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">R.</span>343a</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Lg.</span>735b</span>, etc.; π. προβάτων <span class="bibl">LXX<span class="title">Ge.</span>4.2</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> metaph., [[shepherd]] of the people, regularly of Agamemnon, Ἀγαμέμνονα π. λαῶν <span class="bibl">Il.2.243</span>, al.: generally, [[captain]], [[chief]], ib.<span class="bibl">85</span>, al., <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>360</span> codd. (lyr.); ναῶν ποιμένες <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Supp.</span>767</span>; λόχων <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ph.</span>1140</span>; ὄχων <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Supp.</span>674</span>; <b class="b3">ποιμένες δώρων Κυπρίας</b>, of the Loves, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">N.</span>8.6</span>: abs., [[master]], [[lord]], πλοῦτος ὁ λαχὼν ποιμένα <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">O.</span>10(11).88</span>; for <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>657</span>, v. [[στρόβος]]. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> in LXX and [[NT]], [[pastor]], [[teacher]], [[Je]]. 2.8, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ep.Eph.</span>4.11</span>, etc. (Cf.Lith.[[piemuõ]], gen.sg. [[piemeñs]] 'shepherd'.)</span>

|etymtx=-ένος<br />Grammatical information: m.<br />Meaning: [[herdsman]], [[shepherd]], metaph. [[guardian]], [[leader]], [[master]] (Il.).<br />Dialectal forms: Myc. [[pome]] \/poimén\/.<br />Compounds: Some compp., e.g. <b class="b3">ποιμ-άνωρ</b> = <b class="b3">ποιμην ἀνδρῶν</b> with <b class="b3">ποιμανόρ-ιον</b> n. [[herd]], [[troop of men]] (A. Pers. 241 a. 74;); on the explanation Sommer Nominalbild. 182 f.; <b class="b3">φιτυ-ποίμην</b> [[guardian of plants]] (A. Eu. 911).<br />Derivatives: <b class="b3">ποιμέν-ιος</b> (AP, APl), earlier a. more often attested <b class="b3">-ικός</b> (Pl., hell. poet.) [[belonging to herdsmen]]; <b class="b3">-ισσα</b> f. [[shepherdess]] (pap. IIIa); <b class="b3">ποίμν-η</b> f. [[herd]], [[flock of sheep]] (ι 122) with <b class="b3">-ιον</b> n. <b class="b2">id.</b> (IA.; <b class="b3">-ένιον</b> Opp.), <b class="b3">-ιος</b> [[belonging to herds]] (E.), <b class="b3">-ήϊος</b> (Β 470, Hes.; Risch $ 46), <b class="b3">-ικός</b> (pap. IIIp), <b class="b3">-ίτης</b> (E., Poll.), <b class="b3">-ιώτης</b> (sch.) <b class="b2">id.</b>; <b class="b3">-ηθεν</b> adv. [[of the herd]] (A. R.). Denom. verb <b class="b3">ποιμαίνω</b>, rarely w. <b class="b3">δια-</b>, <b class="b3">συν-</b>, <b class="b2">to be a herdsman, to herd, to pasture</b>, midd. [[to graze]], of the herd (Il.) with <b class="b3">ποιμαν-τήρ</b> = <b class="b3">ποιμήν</b> (S.), <b class="b3">-τικός</b> = <b class="b3">ποιμενικός</b> (Gal., H.), <b class="b3">ποιμασία</b> f. [[the grazing]] (Ph.). -- Besides <b class="b3">πῶυ</b>, <b class="b3">-εος</b> n. [[flock of sheep]] (ep.Il.).<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [839, and 787] <b class="b2">*peh₂-(i-)</b> [[protect]]<br />Etymology: With <b class="b3">ποιμήν</b> agrees except fo the ablaut of the suffix in the nom. (IE [[ē]] : [[ō]]) Lith. <b class="b2">piemuõ</b>, gen. <b class="b2">-meñs</b> [[herderboy]] (on the undisputed stemvowel s. Fraenkel Wb. s. v.). Beside the neuter <b class="b3">πῶυ</b> (<b class="b2">*poh₂-i̯u</b>) stands as nomen ag. Skt. <b class="b2">pāyú-</b>, Av. <b class="b2">pāyu-</b> m. [[herder]], [[protector]]. As basis of these primary fomations served a verb <b class="b2">tend (cattle), keep</b> in Skt. <b class="b2">pā́-ti</b> [[keep]], [[protect]], from where <b class="b2">go-pā́-</b> m. [[cowherd]] a.o. From the 2. members in <b class="b2">nr̥-pā́y-(i)ya-</b> [[protecting men]], <b class="b2">nŕ̥-pī-ti-</b> f. [[protection of men]] we see an orig. [[longdiphthong]] [[pōi]] : [[pī]] (rather <b class="b2">*peh₂i-</b>, <b class="b2">pih₂-</b> < <b class="b2">ph₂i-</b>), which is retained in <b class="b3">πῶυ</b>, <b class="b2">pāyú-</b> from <b class="b2">*poh₂i̯-u-</b>, wih <b class="b3">ποιμήν</b> from <b class="b2">*poh₂i-men</b>. -- WP. 2, 72 w. lit., Pok. 839, Mayrhofer s. <b class="b2">pā́ti</b>1; also W.-Hofmann s. [[pāscō]]. -- Cf. 1. <b class="b3">πῶμα</b>.