φεύγω: Difference between revisions

|Definition=<span class="bibl">Il.21.472</span>, etc.: Ep. inf. <b class="b3">φευγέμεν, φευγέμεναι</b>, <span class="bibl">10.147</span>, <span class="bibl">21.13</span>; impf. <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> ἔφευγον <span class="bibl">22.158</span>, etc., Poet. φεῦγον <span class="bibl">9.478</span>, <span class="bibl">Tyrt.5.8</span>, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">N.</span> 9.13</span>: iter. φεύγεσκον <span class="bibl">Il.17.461</span>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.4.43</span>: fut. φεύξομαι <span class="bibl">Il.18.307</span>, etc.; also <b class="b3">φευξοῦμαι</b> in E. and Com., <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Med.</span>341</span>, <span class="bibl">346</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Hel.</span>500</span>,<span class="bibl">1041</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ba.</span>659</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ach.</span>203</span> (cod. R), <span class="bibl">1129</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Pl.</span>447</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Av.</span>932</span> (ἀπο-), <span class="bibl">Men. 283</span> (but dub. where found in Att. Prose, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>635c</span>, al., <span class="bibl">D.38.19</span>; <b class="b3">φευξεῖται</b> is dub. l. in <span class="title">IPE</span>12.24.11 (Olbia, iv B. C.); fut. Act. <b class="b3">ἐκ-φεύξω</b> only late, v.l. in <span class="bibl">Aesop.349b</span>, cf. Chambry ii <span class="bibl">p.479</span>): aor. <b class="b3">ἔφῠγον</b>, Ion.φύγεσκον <span class="bibl">Od.17.316</span>: pf. πέφευγα <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.154</span> codd. (v. infr.<span class="bibl">11.1a</span>); opt. πεφεύγοι <span class="bibl">Il.21.609</span> (ἐκ-πεφευγοίην <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>840</span>), part. πεφευγότες <span class="bibl">Od.1.12</span>; part. pf. Pass. <b class="b3">πεφυγμένος</b> in act. sense, <span class="bibl">Il.6.488</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.1.18</span>, etc. (in pass. sense, <span class="bibl">Epicur.<span class="title">Fr.</span>423</span>); Ep. <b class="b3">πεφυζότες</b> (cf. [[φύζα]]) <span class="bibl">Il.21.6</span>,<span class="bibl">528</span>, <span class="bibl">532</span>, <span class="bibl">22.1</span>, later sg. πεφυζώς <span class="bibl">Nic.<span class="title">Th.</span>128</span>; Aeol. <b class="b3">πεφύγγων</b>, v. [[φυγγάνω]]:—Med., <b class="b3">μὴ φεύγησθε</b> Anon.Hist. in <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PLit.Lond.</span>115</span>: aor. 1 <b class="b3">δια-φεύξασθαι</b> Decr.Ath. in <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Ep.</span>25</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">I</span> abs., [[flee]], [[take flight]], opp. <b class="b3">διώκω</b>, <span class="bibl">Il.22.157</span>, etc.; βῆ φεύγων ἐπὶ πόντον <span class="bibl">2.665</span>; πῇ φεύγεις; <span class="bibl">8.94</span>; πόσε φεύγετε; <span class="bibl">16.422</span>; ποῖ φύγωμεν . . χθονός; <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Supp.</span>777</span> (lyr.); ποῖ τις οὖν φύγῃ; <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>403</span> (lyr.); ἐνθένδε ἐκεῖσε φ. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Tht.</span>176b</span>: with Preps., φ. ἀπό τινος <span class="bibl">Od.12.120</span>; φεύξονται ἀφ' ἑαυτῶν εἰς φιλοσοφίαν <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Tht.</span>168a</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">ἐκ πολέμοιο, ἐκ θανάτοιο</b>, <span class="bibl">Il.7.118</span>, <span class="bibl">20.350</span>; ἐκ κακῶν πεφευγέναι <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span>437</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.65</span>; ὑπὲκ κακοῦ <span class="bibl">Il.15.700</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">17.461</span> (rarely c. gen. only, <b class="b3">πεφυγμένος ἦεν ἀέθλων</b> (v. infr. <span class="bibl">11</span>) <span class="bibl">Od.1.18</span>; τῆς νόσου πεφευγέναι <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span>1044</span>); φ. ἐς πατρίδα γαῖαν <span class="bibl">Il. 2.140</span>, <span class="bibl">159</span>, al.; <b class="b3">ἐπὶ Σάρδεων, ἐπὶ τὸν Ἑλικῶνα</b>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>7.2.1</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ages.</span> 2.11</span>; πρὸς τὸ ὄρος <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">HG</span>3.5.19</span>; ὑπὸ γᾶν <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Eu.</span>175</span> (lyr.); ὑπὸ δελφῖνος ἰχθύες φ. <span class="bibl">Il.21.23</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">554</span> (cf. infr. <span class="bibl">111.2</span>): c. acc. cogn., <b class="b3">φύγε λαιψηρὸν δρόμον</b> [[ran]] the course full swiftly, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>9.121</span>; τίνα φυγὴν φευξούμεθα; <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hel.</span>1041</span>; <b class="b3">φ. τὴν παρὰ θάλασσαν</b> (sc. <b class="b3">ὁδόν</b>) [[flee]] by the shore route, <span class="bibl">Hdt.4.12</span>; cf. infr. <span class="bibl">111</span>; for <b class="b3">φυγῇ φεύγειν</b>, v. infr. <span class="bibl">11.1</span>, φυγή <span class="bibl">1.1</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> pres. and impf. tenses prop. express only [[the purpose]] or [[endeavour to get away]]: hence part. <b class="b3">φεύγων</b> is added to the compd. Verbs <b class="b3">καταφεύγω, ἐκφεύγω, προφεύγω</b>, to distinguish [[the attempt]] from [[the accomplishment]], <b class="b3">βέλτερον, ὃς φεύγων προφύγῃ κακὸν ἠὲ ἁλώῃ</b> it is better that one should [[flee and]] escape than stay and be caught, <span class="bibl">Il.14.81</span>; φεύγων ἐκφεύγει <span class="bibl">Hdt.5.95</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ach.</span>177</span>; φ. καταφυγεῖν <span class="bibl">Hdt.4.23</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> <b class="b3">φ. εἰς</b> . . [[have recourse]] to . . [[take refuge]] in... ἐς τοὺς ἀφώνους μάρτυρας <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hipp.</span>1076</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">4</span> c. inf., [[shun]] or [[shrink from]] doing, <span class="bibl">Hdt.4.76</span>, <span class="bibl">Antipho 1.13</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Ap.</span>26a</span>; with inf. omitted, φεύγουσι γάρ τοι χοἱ θρασεῖς [[shrink back]], <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span> 580</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> c. acc., [[flee]], [[avoid]], [[escape]], Ἕκτορα <span class="bibl">Il.11.327</span>, etc.; φ. τινὰ ἐκ μάχης <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.104</span>; φ. ἐς τὴν Ἀσίην τοὺς Σκύθας <span class="bibl">Id.4.12</span>; φ. θάνατον <span class="bibl">Il.1.60</span>; ἔνθ' ἄλλοι μὲν πάντες, ὅσοι φύγον αἰπὺν ὄλεθρον, οἴκοι ἔσαν πόλεμόν τε πεφευγότες ἠδὲ θάλασσαν <span class="bibl">Od.1.11</span>; <b class="b3">ἔφυγον κακόν, εὗρον ἄμεινον</b>, formula used by <b class="b3">μύσται</b>, <span class="bibl">D.18.259</span>; with modal dat., <b class="b3">φ. ὄνειδος λόγοις, ἀμαχανίαν ἔργῳ</b>, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>6.90</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">P.</span>9.92</span>; [[avoid]], [[shun]], χρὴ . . φεύγειν τὰ παχύνοντα <span class="bibl">Gal.<span class="title">Vict.Att.</span>12</span>; τὴν ἀργίαν καὶ τὴν ἀκινησίαν τοῦ σώματος <span class="bibl">Sor.1.93</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">46</span>, al.; <b class="b3">φόνον φ</b>. [[flee the consequences of]] the murder, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Med.</span>796</span>; αἷμα συγγενὲς φ. χθονός <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Supp.</span>148</span>; τὰν Διὸς μῆτιν φ. <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>906</span> (lyr.); ὀσμὴν... μὴ βάλῃ, πεφευγότες <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span>412</span>; φεύγων φυγῇ τὸ γῆρας <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Smp.</span>195b</span>; ἐς πόντον . . φύγε πέτρας νηῦς <span class="bibl">Od. 10.131</span>; <b class="b3">οὐδεμία [πόλις] πέφευγε</b> (sed fort. leg. <b class="b3">ἀπέφυγε</b>) <b class="b3"> δουλοσύνην πρὸς Ἱπποκράτεος</b> at the hands of... <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.154</span>: part. pf. Pass. also retains the acc. in Hom. in periphrastic phrases, μοῖραν δ' οὔ τινά φημι πεφυγμένον ἔμμεναι ἀνδρῶν <span class="bibl">Il.6.488</span>; πεφυγμένον ἔμμεν ὄλεθρον <span class="bibl">Od.9.455</span>; οὔ οἱ νῦν ἔτι γ' ἔστι πεφυγμένον ἄμμε γενέσθαι <span class="bibl">Il.22.219</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">h.Ven.</span> 34</span>:—but in pass. sense, <b class="b3">τὸ πάραυτα πεφυγμένον κακόν</b> Epicur.l.c. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">b</span> [[seek to avoid]], [[shirk]], στρατείαν <span class="bibl">D.21.162</span>; εἰ τοῦτο φεύξονται καὶ μὴ 'θελήσουσι ποιεῖν <span class="bibl">Id.20.138</span>; so in aor., ἢν φύγῃ τις, ζημιοῦν <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ach.</span> 717</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> of things, ἡνίοχον φύγον ἡνία [[escaped]], [[slipped from his hands]], <span class="bibl">Il.23.465</span>; Νέστορα δ' ἐκ χειρῶν φύγον ἡνία <span class="bibl">8.137</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">11.128</span>; <b class="b3">τὸ φεῦγον</b> the [[part which slips]], <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Eq.</span> 10.9</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Off.</span>9</span>, Gal.18(2).735: c. dupl. acc., ποῖόν σε ἔπος φύγεν ἕρκος ὀδόντων <span class="bibl">Il.4.350</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.1.64</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">b</span> of wine, '<b class="b2">go off', turn sour</b>, <span class="bibl">Gp.7.7.8</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">III</span> [[flee one's country]], <span class="bibl">Il. 9.478</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.13.259</span>; <b class="b3">οἱ φεύγοντες</b> the [[exiles]], <span class="bibl">Th.1.24</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Ages.</span>7.6</span>; πατρίδα φ. <span class="bibl">Od.15.228</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>3.1.24</span>; τὴν αὑτοῦ <span class="bibl">Th.5.26</span>; ἅπασαν τὴν Ἀθηναίων ξυμμαχίδα <span class="title">IG</span>12.10.30; φ. ἐξ Ἄργεος <span class="bibl">Od.15.224</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Th.8.85</span>; <b class="b3">ἐξ Ἀθηνέων, ἐκ τῆς πατρίδος</b>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.6.103</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>1.3.3</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b3">φ. ὑπὸ Σκυθέων</b> [[to be expelled]], [[driven out]] by . . <span class="bibl">Hdt.4.125</span>: but esp. to [[be exiled]], φ. ὑπὸ τοῦ δήμου <span class="bibl">Id.5.30</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">HG</span>1.1.27</span>; <b class="b3">φ. ἐξ Ἀρείου πάγου</b> by their sentence, <span class="bibl">Din.1.44</span>: also c. acc., φ. Πεισιστρατίδας <span class="bibl">Hdt. 5.62</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> abs., [[go into exile]], [[live in banishment]], <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>1668</span> (troch.), <span class="bibl">Antipho 2.2.9</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Mx.</span>242b</span>; δύο ἔτη φευγέτω <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Lg.</span>867c</span>; <b class="b3">φ. ἀειφυγίαν</b> [[to be banished]] for life, ib. <span class="bibl">871d</span>, al.; φεόγειν Ἀμφίπολιν ἀειφυγίην <span class="title">SIG</span>194.3, cf. 24 (Amphipolis, iv B. C.); but also ἐν ἀειφυγίᾳ <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span> 877e</span>; φεύγων ἀπ' οἴκων ἃς ἐγὼ φεύγω φυγάς <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Andr.</span>976</span>; <b class="b3">φεύγοντες</b> [[being in exile]], opp. φυγόντες [[having gone into exile]], <span class="bibl">Lys.14.33</span>; with play on words, "<b class="b3">μέχρι τίνος φεύξῃ, Ἀρκαδίων; καὶ ὅς, ἔς τ' ἂν τοὺς ἀφίκωμαι οἳ οὐκ ἴσασι Φίλιππον</b>" <span class="bibl">Duris 3</span> J. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">IV</span> as law-term (mostly in pres. and impf., but cf. <span class="bibl">Lys.12.4</span> (v. infr.)), to [[be accused]] or [[prosecuted at law]]: <b class="b3">ὁ φεύγων</b> the [[accused]], [[defendant]], <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">V.</span>893</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>405b</span>, etc.; opp. διώκω, οὔτε φεύγων ἁλοὺς οὔτε διώκων ἡττηθείς <span class="bibl">D.23.66</span>; c. acc., <b class="b3">φ. γραφάς, δίκην</b>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Eq.</span>442</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Nu.</span>167</span>; ὑπό τινος δίκας φ. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Ap.</span> 19c</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">D.49.1</span>; οὐδενὶ πώποτε οὔτε ἡμεῖς οὔτε ἐκεῖνος δίκην οὔτε ἐδικασάμεθα οὔτε ἐφύγομεν Lys. l. c.; φ. ἀπολογίας <span class="bibl">Aeschin.3.201</span>; the crime being added in gen., φόνου δίκην φ. <span class="bibl">Antipho 5.9</span>; γραφὰς φ. παρανόμων <span class="bibl">D.18.235</span>; more freq. c. gen. only, <b class="b3">φ. φόνου</b> [[to be charged with]] murder, <span class="bibl">Lys.10.31</span>, <span class="bibl">Lycurg.133</span>, etc.; φ. δειλίας <span class="bibl">Ar. <span class="title">Ach.</span>1129</span>; ξενίας <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">V.</span>718</span> (anap.); with gen. of the penalty, ἐὰν . . φεύγῃ δεσμῶν <span class="title">OGI</span>218.92 (Ilium, iii B. C.); also περὶ θανάτου φ. <span class="bibl">Antipho 5.95</span>; φ. ἐπὶ μηνύσει τινός <span class="bibl">And.1.18</span>; <b class="b3">ἀσεβείας φ. ὑπό τινος</b> [[is accused of]] impiety by... <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Ap.</span>35d</span>; rarely of things, <b class="b3">τὸ φεῦγον ψήφισμα</b> the decree [[that is on its defence]], the decree [[in question]], <span class="bibl">D.23.58</span>:—in <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.214</span> <b class="b3">αἰτίην φ</b>. has the older sense, [[flee from]] a charge, [[quit one's country]] on account of a charge. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> [[plead in defence]], <b class="b3">δεῖ τοί σε φεύγειν . . ὡς οὐκ ἔχουσι κῦρος [οἱ νόμοι</b>] <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Supp.</span>390</span>; <b class="b3">ἔφευγε μὴ εἰδέναι</b> [[pleaded]] ignorance, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span>263</span>, (Cf. Lat.[[fugio]], Goth. [[biugan]] 'bend', etc.)</span>