ἀκήρατος: Difference between revisions

|Definition=ον, (κηραίνω) <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> [[undefiled]], [[pure]], ὕδωρ <span class="bibl">Il.24.303</span>; [[inviolate]], <b class="b3">χεῦμα, ὄμβρος</b>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>471</span>,<span class="bibl">690</span> (lyr.); <b class="b3">χρυσός</b> [[pure]] gold, Archil.<span class="title">Supp.</span>4, <span class="bibl">Alcm.23.54</span>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.10</span>.ά, <span class="bibl">Simon.64</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Pl. <span class="title">R.</span>503a</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Plt.</span>303e</span>; φλόξ <span class="bibl">Secund.<span class="title">Sent.</span>5</span>; [[untouched]], [[unhurt]], <b class="b3">οἶκος καὶ κλῆρος, κτήματα</b>, <span class="bibl">Il.15.498</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.17.532</span>; ἀπαρτίη <span class="bibl">Hippon.26</span>; σκάφος <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>661</span>; <b class="b3">ἁνίαι</b> [[strong]] reins, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>5.32</span>; <b class="b3">πλόκοι</b> [[unshorn]] locks, <span class="bibl">E. <span class="title">Ion</span>1266</span>; <b class="b3">λειμών</b> [[unmown]] meadow, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Hipp.</span>73</span>; <b class="b3">ἀ. ἐμπόριον</b> [[virgin]] market, <span class="bibl">Hdt.4.152</span>; ἀ. φιλία <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Hier.</span>3.4</span>; <b class="b3">ἐπιστήμη, ἤθη</b>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phdr.</span>247d</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Lg.</span>735c</span>; <b class="b3">ἀ. φάρμακα</b> spells [[that have all their power]], <span class="bibl">A.R.4.157</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> of persons, [[undefiled]], a virgin, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Tr.</span>675</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>84c</span>d; ἀ. λέχος <span class="bibl">E. <span class="title">Or.</span>575</span>: c. dat., <b class="b3">ἀκήρατος ἄλγεσι, τύχαις</b> [[untouched by]] woes, etc., <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Hipp.</span>1113</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">HF</span>1314</span>: c. gen., <b class="b3">ἀ. κακῶν</b> [[without taint]] of ill, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Hipp.</span>949</span>; <b class="b3">ἀ. ὠδίνων</b> [[free from]] throes of child-birth, <span class="bibl">A.R.1.974</span>, etc.: poet. Sup. ἀκηρότατος <span class="title">AP</span>12.249 (Strat.). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> (κεράννυμι) [[unmixed]], ποτόν <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pers.</span>614</span>.</span>

|etymtx=Grammatical information: adj.<br />Meaning: [[undamaged]], also [[pure]] (Il.)<br />Other forms: <b class="b3">ἀκέραιος</b> [[undamaged]] (Hdt.)<br />Derivatives: <b class="b3">ἀκηράσιος</b> (Od.)<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [578] <b class="b2">*ḱerh₂-</b> [[damage]]<br />Etymology: Epic and poet. It is unnecessary to assume a second, independent word meaning [[pure]] (Od.), as Frisk does. The comparable form <b class="b3">ἀκήριος</b> [[undamaged]] is prob. derived from [[κῆρ]], s. s.v. Prob. <b class="b3">ἀκήρατος</b> (not from <b class="b3">κηρ-αίνω</b> A. Supp. 999, which is a late formation from <b class="b3">κήρ</b>), is metrical lengthening for <b class="b3">*ἀ-κέρα-τος</b> from the stem of <b class="b3">κερα-ίζω</b>, perhaps with influence of <b class="b3">κήρ</b>; cf. <b class="b3">ἀκέραιος</b>. In some cases the meaning may have been influenced by <b class="b3">κεράννυμι</b> [[to mix]]. Lee Glotta 39 (1961) 191-205 connects <b class="b3">κείρω</b>.