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ἐπίορκος: Difference between revisions
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|Transliteration C=epiorkos | |Transliteration C=epiorkos | ||
|Beta Code=e)pi/orkos | |Beta Code=e)pi/orkos | ||
|Definition=ον, <span class="sense"><p> <span class="bld">A</span> [[sworn falsely]], of oaths, εἰ δέ τι τῶνδ' ἐπίορκον <span class="bibl">Il. 19.264</span>: freq. in the phrase <b class="b3">ἐπίορκον ὀμόσσαι</b> take [[a false oath]], swear [[falsely]], <span class="bibl">3.279</span>,<span class="bibl">19.260</span>, <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Op.</span>282</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Th.</span>232</span>; in full, <b class="b3">ἐπίορκον ὅρκον</b> ὤμοσε <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ra.</span>150</span>; and so <b class="b3">ἐ. ἐπομνύναι</b> (v. | |Definition=ον, <span class="sense"><p> <span class="bld">A</span> [[sworn falsely]], of oaths, εἰ δέ τι τῶνδ' ἐπίορκον <span class="bibl">Il. 19.264</span>: freq. in the phrase <b class="b3">ἐπίορκον ὀμόσσαι</b> take [[a false oath]], swear [[falsely]], <span class="bibl">3.279</span>,<span class="bibl">19.260</span>, <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Op.</span>282</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Th.</span>232</span>; in full, <b class="b3">ἐπίορκον ὅρκον</b> ὤμοσε <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ra.</span>150</span>; and so <b class="b3">ἐ. ἐπομνύναι</b> (v. [[ἐπόμνυμι]]); but in <span class="bibl">Il.10.332</span> <b class="b3">ἐ. ἐπώμοσε</b> he swore [[a bootless oath]], i.e. one which he meant to fulfil, but the gods willed otherwise. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">II</span>. of persons, [[forsworn]], [[perjured]], <span class="bibl">Hes. <span class="title">Op.</span>804</span>, <span class="title">Schwyzer</span>179a (Crete), <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">El.</span>1355</span> (anap.), <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Nu.</span> 399</span>,al.: Sup.-ότατος <span class="bibl">Antipho 6.48</span>. Adv.-κως <span class="bibl">Hdn.6.9.2</span>.</span> | ||
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{{etym | {{etym | ||
|etymtx=-ον Origin: GR [a formation built with Greek elements]<br />Etymology: As the verb | |etymtx=-ον Origin: GR [a formation built with Greek elements]<br />Etymology: As the verb [[ἐπιορκέω]] [[braek an oath]] is frwquent, it is obvious, to consider with Strömberg Prefix Studies 86ff. much rarer [[ἐπίορκος]] [[braeking the oath]] as a backformation from the verb. [[ἐπιορκέω]] comes directly from [[ὅρκος]] with <b class="b3">ἐπι-</b> like [[ἐπιθυμέω]] from [[θυμός]], [[ἐπιχειρέω]] from [[χείρ]] etc.; [[ἐπιορκέω]] then is prop. [[acte against the oeath]] (opposie [[εὑορκέω]] [[keep the oath]] from [[εὔορκος]] [since Hes.]); on the maintenance of the <b class="b3">-ι-</b> Fraenkel Nom. ag. 1, 237. - Diff. Leumann Hom. Wörter 79ff. (with discussion): the expression <b class="b3">ἐπίορκον ὀμόσσαι</b> [[perjure oneself]] (from where [[ἐπιορκέω]]) would be due to a false analysis of ep. <b class="b3">ἐπὶ ὅρκον ὀμόσσαι</b> [[make an oathe on it]]; against this view W. Luther Weltansicht und Geistesleben (Göttingen 1954) 86ff. with another explanation; s. alsi Fraenkel Gnomon 23, 373 and Bolling AmJPh 76, 306ff., who with Schwyzer IF 45, 255 start from ([[ὁ]]) <b class="b3">ἐπὶ ὅρκῳ</b> ([[βάς]]). Leumann 88 too is inclined to see [[ἐπίορκος]] as a backformation from [[ἐπιορκέω]].<br />See also: s. [[ὅρκος]] | ||
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