ἐσθλός: Difference between revisions

|Definition=ή, όν, Aeol. ἔσλος Sapph.28, <span class="bibl">Alc.96</span> : Dor. ἐσλός, ά, όν, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>8.73</span>, etc. (never in B.); Arc. ἑσλός <span class="title">Inscr.Olymp.</span>266 (v B. C.) : Comp. and Sup. <b class="b3">-ότερος, -ότατος</b>, <span class="title">AP</span>9.156 (Antiphil.), <span class="bibl">6.240</span> (Phil.) : —poet. Adj., <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> = [[ἀγαθός]], [[good]] of his kind, ἐ. ἐν σταδίῃ <span class="bibl">Il.15.283</span> : later c. inf., <span class="bibl">A.R.1.106</span>, etc. : hence </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">I</span> of persons, [[brave]], [[stout]], ἐσθλὸν ἐνὶ προμάχοισι <span class="bibl">Il.4.458</span>, etc. ; opp. <b class="b3">δειλός</b>, <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Op.</span>214</span> ; [[noble]], opp. κακός, οὔ τινα γὰρ τίεσκον..οὐ κακὸν οὐδὲ μὲν ἐ. <span class="bibl">Od.22.415</span> ; πένιχρος οὐδεὶς πέλετ' ἔσλος οὐδὲ τίμιος <span class="bibl">Alc.49</span> ; τόκηες Id.<span class="title">Supp.</span>25.12 ; εἴτ' εὐγενὴς πέφυκας εἴτ' ἐσθλῶν κακή <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span>38</span> ; ἐσθλοῦ πατρὸς παῖς <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ph.</span>96</span> ; ἀπ' ἐσθλῶν δωμάτων <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Andr.</span>772</span> (lyr.), etc. ; of horses, [[wellbred]], <span class="bibl">Il.23.348</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> morally [[good]], [[faithful]], φίλος <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>611</span> ; εἰς ἡμᾶς γεγώς <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">El.</span>24</span> ; τινι Naumach. ap. Stob.4.23.7 ; κύνα ἐσθλὴν ἐκείνῳ, πολεμίαν τοῖς δύσφροσιν <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>608</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> like [[ἐΰς]] and <b class="b3">φίλος</b>, weakened almost to a possess. pron., ἐσθλὸν ἀνεψιὸν ἐξεναρίξας <span class="bibl">Il.16</span>. <span class="bibl">573</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">5.469</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.3.379</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> of things, [[good]] of their kind, <b class="b3">φάρμακα, κτήματα, κειμήλια</b>, <span class="bibl">Il.11.831</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.2.312</span>, <span class="bibl">Il.9.330</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> of mind, qualities, etc., νόος <span class="bibl">Od.7.73</span> ; βουλή <span class="bibl">Il.9.76</span> ; ἔπος <span class="bibl">1.108</span> ; κλέος <span class="bibl">5.3</span>, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>4.175</span> : freq. in neut. pl., μυρί'..ἐσθλὰ ἔοργε <span class="bibl">Il.2.272</span> ; ἔσθλ' ἀγορεύοντες, κακὰ δὲ φρεσὶ βυσσοδόμευον <span class="bibl">Od.17.66</span> ; ἔσλων ἢ κάλων Sapph.28, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Supp.</span>2.4</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> [[fortunate]], [[lucky]], ὄρνιθες <span class="bibl">Od. 24.311</span> ; ὕπαρ <span class="bibl">19.547</span> ; χάρματα <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>2.19</span> ; γάμοι <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">IA</span>609</span> ; τύχη <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>1506</span> ; ἀράσαντο πάμπαν ἔσλα τῷ γάμβρῳ Sapph.51.4 ; <b class="b3">ἐσθλόν, τό,</b> [[good luck]], [[prosperity]], opp. <b class="b3">κακόν</b>, <span class="bibl">Il.24.530</span> ; παρὰ καὶ κακῷ ἐσθλὸν ἔθηκεν <span class="bibl">Od.15.488</span> ; ἐσλὸν βαθύ <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>12.12</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">4</span> Subst. <b class="b3">ἐσθλά, τά,</b> [[goods]], πυρὴν ἐμπλησέμεν ἐσθλῶν <span class="bibl">Od.10.523</span> ; εἴ τις ἐσλὰ πέπαται <span class="bibl">Pi. <span class="title">P.</span>8.73</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">5</span> <b class="b3">ἐσθλόν [ἐστι]</b> c. inf., <b class="b2">it is good, expedient to.</b>., <span class="bibl">Il.24.301</span> : also pl., οὐ γὰρ ἐσθλὰ..κερτομέειν <span class="bibl">Archil.64</span>.—Poet. word, used by <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>1.5.9</span>, <span class="bibl">Chrysipp.Stoic.3.60</span>, <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Syr.D.</span>19</span> (Ion.), etc.</span>

|etymtx=Grammatical information: adj.<br />Meaning: [[good]], [[brave]], [[stout]], [[noble]] of men and objects (Il.).<br />Other forms: Aeol. Pi. <b class="b3">ἔσλος</b>, <b class="b3">ἐσλός</b>, Arc <b class="b3">ἑσλός</b><br />Compounds: As 1. member in <b class="b3">ἐσθλο-δότης</b> (Man.),<br />Derivatives: <b class="b3">ἐσθλότης</b> (Chrysipp.).<br />Origin: XX [etym. unknown]<br />Etymology: Unknown. Acc. to Brugmann K. vergl. Gr. 201, 522, Grundr. 22 : 3, 128; 374, Benveniste Origines 191 to Skt. <b class="b2">édhate</b> [[thrive]] (< <b class="b2">*azdh-</b>, Av. <b class="b2">azd-ya-</b> [[well-fed]], [[stout]]; IE <b class="b2">*es-dh-</b>), further to <b class="b3">ἐύς</b> (s. v.). Schwyzer 533 n. 5 prefers a compound <b class="b2">*es-dhl-ó-</b> [[ἀγαθοεργός]], from <b class="b3">ἐσ-</b> in <b class="b3">ἐΰς</b> and a zero grade variant of OCS <b class="b2">dělo</b> [[deed]] (IE <b class="b2">*dheh₁-lo-</b>; s. <b class="b3">τίθημι</b>). Diff. again Specht Ursprung 256, Pisani Ist. Lomb. 77, 550 (s. Glotta 35, 62).