ὀρφανός: Difference between revisions

|etymtx=Grammatical information: m.<br />Meaning: [[orphaned]], [[orphan]], metaph. [[bereft]], [[abandoned]] (υ 68).<br />Compounds: As 1. member a.o. in <b class="b3">ὀρφανο-δικασταί</b> m.pl. "orphan-judge" (Leg. Gort.; Fraenkel Nom. ag. 1, 185).<br />Derivatives: 1. Adj. <b class="b3">ὀρφαν-ικός</b> [[belonging to ὀρφανοι]] (Il., Pl., Arist.; Fraenkel 1, 211 f., Chantraine Études 101 f.), <b class="b3">-ιος</b> [[abandoned]], [[lonely]] (AP). 2. Subst. <b class="b3">ὀρφαν-ία</b> f. [[orphanhood]], [[bereavement]] (Pi., ætt.), <b class="b3">-ότης</b> f. <b class="b2">id.</b> (Cappadocia). 3. Verbs. a) <b class="b3">ὀρφαν-ίζω</b> (<b class="b3">ἀπ-</b> ὀρφανός) <b class="b2">to make an orphan, to bereave</b> (Pi.); from it formally <b class="b3">-ιστής</b> m., but as [[guardian]] (S. [[Aj]]. 512), name of an official (Selymbria); b) <b class="b3">-εύω</b> [[to bring up orphans]], midd. to [[be orphaned]] (E.) with <b class="b3">-ευμα</b> n. [[orphanhood]] (E.), <b class="b3">-εία</b> f. (if not itacistic for <b class="b3">-ία</b>) <b class="b2">id.</b> (pap.); c) <b class="b3">-όομαι</b> [[to be bereft]] (AP, sch.).<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [781] <b class="b2">*h₃erbh-</b> or <b class="b2">*h₂orbh-</b> [[orphaned]], [[bereft]]<br />Etymology: From the H.glosses <b class="b3">ὀρφοβόται ἐπίτροποι ὀρφανῶν</b> with <b class="b3">ὀρφο-βοτία ἐπιτροπή</b> and [[ὤρφωσεν]] (: [[ὀρφόω]]) [[ὠρφάνισεν]] we get a noun <b class="b3">*ὀρφος</b>, of which [[ὀρφανός]], with the same meaning, seems to be a purely formal enlargement after other adj. in <b class="b3">-ανός</b>. With <b class="b3">*ὀρφος</b> agree exactly Arm. [[orb]], <b class="b2">-oy</b> [[orphan]] and Lat. [[orbus]] [[orphaned]], [[bereft]], IE <b class="b2">*orbho-s</b>. A <b class="b2">i̯o-</b>deriv. is supposed in Celt. and (a loan from there?) the Germ. word for [[heritage]] (so prop. *"orphans possessions" ?; diff., not convincing, Porzig Gliederung 121f.), e.g. OIr. <b class="b2">orb(b)e</b>, [[orpe]] n., Goth. [[arbi]], OHG [[arbi]], [[erbi]] n.; from there [[der Erbe]], e.g. OIr. <b class="b2">orb(b)e</b> m., Goth. [[arbja]], OHG [[arpeo]], [[erbo]] m. Further, quite hypothetical connections in WP. 1, 183 f., Pok. 781 f., W.-Hofmann s. [[orbus]] (w. rich lit.); further Benveniste Hitt. et indoeur. 11 f., who finds in Hitt. <b class="b2">ḫarp-zi</b> <b class="b2">separate, keep s.</b> the relevant primary verb and at the same time reminds (after Collinder) of comparable Fi.-Ugr. words, e.g. Fi. [[orbo]], [[orvo]] [[orphan]].