ἀκούω: Difference between revisions

|Definition=Ep. impf. <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> ᾰκουον <span class="bibl">Il.12.442</span>: fut. [[ἀκούσομαι]] (Act. [[ἀκούσω]] first in <span class="bibl">Hyp.<span class="title">Epit.</span>34</span> s. v. l., then in Lyc.378, 686, <span class="bibl">D.H.5.57</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ev.Matt.</span>12.19</span>, etc.: aor. [[ἤκουσα]], Ep. ᾰκουσα <span class="bibl">Il.24.223</span>: pf. [[ἀκήκοα]], Lacon.ἄκουκα <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Lyc.</span>20</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ages.</span>21</span>; [[ἤκουκα]] is a late form, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">POxy.</span>237 vii 23</span> (ii A. D.); later Ion. ἀκήκουκα <span class="bibl">Herod.5.49</span>: plpf. ἀκηκόειν <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.52</span>, <span class="bibl">7.208</span>; ἠκηκόειν <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Oec.</span>15.7</span>; old Att. ἠκηκόη <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">V.</span>800</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Pax</span>616</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Cra.</span> 384b</span>:—rare in Med., pres. (v. infr. <span class="bibl">11.2</span>): Ep. impf. ἀκούετο <span class="bibl">Il.4.331</span>: aor. ἠκουσάμην <span class="bibl">Mosch.3.119</span>:—Pass., fut. ἀκουσθήσομαι <span class="bibl">Pl. <span class="title">R.</span>507d</span>: aor. ἠκούσθην <span class="bibl">Th.3.38</span>, <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Somn.</span>5</span>: pf. ἤκουσμαι <span class="bibl">D.H. <span class="title">Rh.</span>11.10</span>, Ps.-Luc.<span class="title">Philopatr.</span>4; [[ἀκήκουσμαι]] is dub. in Luc.<span class="title">Hist. Conscr.</span>49: plpf. ἤκουστο Anon. ap. <span class="bibl">Demetr.<span class="title">Eloc.</span>217</span>, (παρ-) <span class="bibl">J.<span class="title">AJ</span>17.10.10</span>. (<b class="b3">ἀ-κοϝ-</b>, cf. [[κοέω]]):—[[hear]], Hom., etc.: prop. c. acc. of thing heard, gen. of person from whom it is heard, ταῦτα Καλυψοῦς ἤκουσα <span class="bibl">Od.12.389</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>43</span>, etc.; gen. pers. freq. omitted, πάντ' ἀκήκοας λόγον <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Aj.</span>480</span>, etc.; or the acc. rei, ἄκουε τοῦ θανόντος <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">El.</span>792</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">793</span>:—also c. gen. rei, <b class="b3">φθογγῆς, κτύπου</b>, [[hear]] it, <span class="bibl">Od.12.198</span> (as v. l.), <span class="bibl">21.237</span>; λόγων <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>1187</span>; once in Hom. in Med., ἀκούετο λαὸς ἀϋτῆς <span class="bibl">Il.4.331</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">b</span> c. gen. objecti, [[hear of]], [[hear tell of]], ἀ. πατρός <span class="bibl">Od.4.114</span>: freq. c. part., [[τεθνηῶτος]] (sc. [[πατρός]]) ἀκούσῃς <span class="bibl">1.289</span>, etc.; but <b class="b3">εἰ . . πατρὸς νόστον ἀ</b>. ib.<span class="bibl">287</span>; ἀ. περί τινος <span class="bibl">Od.19.270</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">IT</span>964</span>, <span class="bibl">Isoc.5.72</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>358d</span>, <span class="bibl">358e</span>; τι περί τινος <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>7.7.30</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">c</span> in Prose the pers. from whom thing is heard freq. takes Prep., <b class="b3">ἀ. τι ἀπό, ἐκ, παρά, πρός τινος</b>, first in <span class="bibl">Il.6.524</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.62</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>7</span>,<span class="bibl">95</span>, <span class="bibl">Th.1.125</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">d</span> less freq. c. dupl. gen. pers. et rei, [[hear of]] a thing [[from]] a person, as <span class="bibl">Od.17.115</span>, <span class="bibl">D.18.9</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">e</span> with part. or inf. added, as <b class="b3">εἰ πτώσσοντας ὑφ' Ἕκτορι πάντας ἀκούσαι</b> [[should he hear]] that all are now crouching under Hector, <span class="bibl">Il.7.129</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.10</span>.[[θ]], <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>2.4.12</span>, <span class="bibl">D.3.9</span>; <b class="b3">ἀ. αὐτὸν ὄλβιον εἶναι</b> <b class="b2">to hear [generally</b>] that he is happy, <span class="bibl">Il.24.543</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>2.5.13</span>, etc.:—also <b class="b3">ἀ. τινὰ ὅτι</b> or <b class="b3">ὡς, Ἀτρεΐδην ἀκοετε ὡς</b>. . <span class="bibl">Od.3.193</span>; <b class="b3">τὸν Δαίδαλον οὐκ ἀκήκοας, ὁτι</b>. .; <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Mem.</span>4.2.33</span>; ἀ. οὕνεκα <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>33</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">f</span> c. gen. et part., to express [[what one actually hears]] from a person, ταῦτ' . . ἤκουον σαφῶς Ὀδυσσέως λέγοντος <span class="bibl">S. <span class="title">Ph.</span>595</span>; <b class="b3">ἀ. τινὸς λέγοντος, διαλεγομένου</b>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Prt.</span>320b</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Mem.</span>2.4.1</span>: rarely c. acc. et part., <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span>614</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> [[know by hearsay]], ἔξοιδ' ἀκούων <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>105</span>: pres. is used like a pf., νῆσός τις Συρίη κικλήσκεται, εἴ που ἀκούεις <span class="bibl">Od.15.403</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">3.193</span>; in Prose, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Grg.</span>503c</span>, <span class="bibl">Luc. <span class="title">Gall.</span>13</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> abs., [[hearken]], [[give ear]], esp. in proclamations, <b class="b3">ἀκούετε λεῴ</b> <b class="b2">oyez! oyez!</b> Susar.<span class="bibl">1</span>, etc.: for <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>1386</span> v. [[πηγή]] <span class="bibl">2</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">4</span> <b class="b3">οἱ ἀκούοντες</b> [[readers of a book]], <span class="bibl">Plb.1.13.6</span>, al. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> [[listen to]], [[give ear to]], c. gen., <span class="bibl">Il.1.381</span>, etc.: metaph., Φωκυλίδου οὐκ ἀκούεις <b class="b2">;</b> <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span> 407a</span>: rarely c. dat., ἀ. ἀνέρι κηδομένῳ <span class="bibl">Il.16.515</span> (in <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>227</span> [[τίνι]] is Eth. dat.): with gen. of part. after dat., <b class="b3">ὅττι οἱ ὦκ' ἤκουσε . . θεὸς εὐξαμένοιο</b> ib.<span class="bibl">531</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> [[obey]], <b class="b3">βασιλῆος, θεοῦ</b>, <span class="bibl">Il.19.256</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.7.11</span>:—Med., <b class="b3">Λεωφίλου δ' ἀκούεται [πάντα</b>] <span class="bibl">Archil.64</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> [[hear and understand]], κλύοντες οὐκ ἤκουον <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>448</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ch.</span>5</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ra.</span>1173</span>; τὸ μὴ πάντας πάντων ἀκούειν <span class="bibl">S.E.<span class="title">M.</span>1.37</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">4</span> to [[be a pupil of]], c. gen., <span class="bibl">D.L.9.21</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">III</span> after Hom., serving as Pass. to [[λέγειν]], [[hear oneself called]], [[be called]], like Lat. [[audire]], εἴπερ ὄρθ' ἀκούεις, Ζεῦ <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>903</span> (cf. <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span> 161</span>); freq. with [[εὖ]] and <b class="b3">κακῶς, κακῶς ἀ. ὑπό τινος</b> [[to be ill spoken of by]] one; πρός τινος <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.16</span>.<b class="b3">ά; περί τινος</b> for a thing, <span class="bibl">Id.6.86</span>.<b class="b3">ά; ἄμεινον, ἄριστα ἀ</b>., <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.173</span>,<span class="bibl">8.93</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span>1313</span>, <span class="bibl">Antipho 5.75</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> with nom. of subject, <b class="b3">ἀκούειν κακός, καλός</b>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>988</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Ly.</span>207a</span>; νῦν κόλακες καὶ θεοῖς ἐχθροὶ . . ἀκούουσι <span class="bibl">D.18.46</span>, etc.; ἔχαιρε ἀκούων Αἰετὸς ὁ Πύρρος <span class="bibl">Ael.<span class="title">NA</span>7.45</span>; later in Pass. in this sense, <span class="bibl">Nonn.<span class="title">D.</span> 21.220</span>,al. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> c. inf., <b class="b3">ἤκουον εἶναι πρῶτοι</b> [[were said]] to be first, <span class="bibl">Hdt. 3.131</span>; also ἀκούσομαι μὲν ὡς ἔφυν οἴκτου πλέως <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span>1074</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">4</span> c. acc. rei, <b class="b3">ἀ. κακά</b> [[have]] evil [[spoken of]] one, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Th.</span>388</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span>607</span>; ἀ. λόγον ἐσλόν <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">I.</span>5(4).13</span>; φήμας . . κακὰς ἤκουσεν <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hel.</span>615</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">5</span> <b class="b3">οὕτως ἀ</b>. [[hear it]] so [[said]], i. e. [[at first hearing]], ὡς οὕτω γ' ἀκοῦσαι <span class="bibl">Pl. <span class="title">Euthphr.</span>3b</span>; ὥς γε οὑτωσὶ ἀκοῦσαι <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ly.</span>216a</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">IV</span> [[understand]], [[take]] in a certain sense, <span class="bibl">Jul.<span class="title">Or.</span>4.147a</span>; esp. in Scholl., as Sch.<span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Or.</span> 333</span>; <b class="b3">τι ἐπί τινος</b> Sch.<span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hipp.</span>73</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">V</span> Astrol., [[aspect mutually]], of signs equidistant from an equinoctial sign, <span class="bibl">Doroth.189</span>, Heph. Astr.<span class="bibl">2.2</span>; also, = [[ὑπακούειν]] (q. v.), <span class="bibl">Id.1.9</span>.</span>