δίδωμι: Difference between revisions

|Definition=<span class="bibl">Il.23.620</span>, etc. (late δίδω <span class="bibl"><span class="title">POxy.</span>121</span> (iii A. D.)); late forms, 1pl. [[διδόαμεν]] v. l. in <span class="bibl">J.<span class="title">BJ</span>3.8.5</span>, etc., 3pl. [[δίδωσι]] (παρα-) <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">AJ</span>10.4.1</span>, etc.; but thematic forms are freq. used, esp. in Ep. and Ion., <b class="b3">διδοῖς, διδοῖσθα</b>, <span class="bibl">Il.9.164</span>, <span class="bibl">19.270</span>, <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> διδοῖ <span class="bibl">Od.17.350</span>, <span class="bibl">Mimn.2.16</span>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.48</span>, Hp.Aër.12 (ἀνα-), <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Supp.</span>1010</span>, etc., διδοῦσι <span class="bibl">Il.19.265</span> (always in Hom.), dub. in Att., <span class="bibl">Antiph.156</span>; imper. δίδου <span class="bibl">Thgn.1303</span>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.140</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Or.</span>642</span>, δίδοι <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>1.85</span>, Epigr. in <span class="title">Class.Phil.</span>4.78, Ep. δίδωθι <span class="bibl">Od.3.380</span>; inf. [[διδόναι]], also διδοῦν <span class="bibl">Thgn.1329</span>, Ep. διδοῦναι <span class="bibl">Il.24.425</span>, Aeol. δίδων <span class="bibl">Theoc.29.9</span>; part. [[διδούς]], Aeol. δίδοις Alc.<span class="title">Supp.</span>23.13: impf. <b class="b3">ἐδίδουν -ους -ου</b>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Eq.</span>678</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.19.367</span>, <span class="bibl">11.289</span> (Ep. δίδου <span class="bibl">Il. 5.165</span>), etc.; 3pl. ἐδίδοσαν <span class="bibl">Hdt.8.9</span>, etc., [[ἐδίδουν]] (v.l. [[ἐδίδων]]) <span class="bibl">Hes. <span class="title">Op.</span>139</span>, <span class="bibl">D.H.5.6</span> codd. (ἀπ-), also [[ἔδιδον]] prob. in <span class="bibl"><span class="title">h.Cer.</span>437</span>, [[δίδον]] ib.<span class="bibl">328</span>; Ep. iter. δόσκον <span class="bibl">Il.14.382</span>: fut. δώσω <span class="bibl">14.268</span>, etc., Ep. διδώσω <span class="bibl">Od.13.358</span>, <span class="bibl">24.314</span>; inf. δωσέμεναι <span class="bibl">Il.13.369</span>: aor. 1 [[ἔδωκα]], used only in ind., <span class="bibl">Od.9.361</span>, etc., Ep. δῶκα <span class="bibl">Il.4.43</span>: aor. 2 [[ἔδων]], used in pl. ind. <b class="b3">ἔδομεν ἔδοτε ἔδοσαν</b> (Lacon. ἔδον <span class="title">IG</span>5(1).1<span class="title">B</span>1), and in moods, <b class="b3">δός, δῶ, δοίην, δοῦναι, δούς;</b> Ep. forms of aor., subj. 3sg. <b class="b3">δώῃ, δώῃσι, δῷσι</b>, <span class="bibl">Il.16.725</span>, <span class="bibl">1.324</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.2.144</span>; 3sg. [[δώη]], Boeot. δώει <span class="title">SIG</span>2858.17 (Delph.), <span class="title">IG</span>7.3054 (Lebad.), δοῖ <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PPetr.</span>2</span>.<span class="bibl">p.24</span>; 1pl. δώομεν <span class="bibl">Il.7.299</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.16.184</span>, 3pl. δώωσι <span class="bibl">Il.1.137</span>; 3sg. opt. is written δόη <span class="bibl"><span class="title">UPZ</span>1.4</span>, δοῖ <span class="title">IG</span>14.1488, etc.; inf. δόμεναι <span class="bibl">Il.1.116</span>, δόμεν <span class="bibl">4.379</span> (also Dor., <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Lys.</span>1163</span> (ἀπο-), δόμειν <span class="title">SIG</span>942 (Dodona)); Cypr. inf. δοϝέναι <span class="title">Inscr.Cypr.</span>135.5H. (also opt. [[δυϝάνοι]] ib. 6); Arc. part. ἀπυ-δόας <span class="title">IG</span>5(2).6.13 (Tegea); inf. δῶναι <span class="title">Schwyzer</span> 666.2 (Orchom., iii B. C.), also in later Greek, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">BGU</span>38.13</span> (ii A. D.): pf. δέδωκα <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">N.</span>2.8</span>, etc.; Boeot. 3pl. ἀπο-δεδόανθι <span class="title">IG</span>7.3171.35 (Orchom.): plpf. ἐδεδώκει <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>1.4.26</span>:—Med. only in compds.:— Pass., fut. δοθήσομαι <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ph.</span>1650</span>, <span class="bibl">Is.3.39</span>, etc.: aor. ἐδόθην <span class="bibl">Od.2.78</span>, etc.: pf. δέδομαι <span class="bibl">Il.5.428</span>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Supp.</span>1041</span>, <span class="bibl">Th.1.26</span>, etc.; 3pl. δέδονται <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Supp.</span>757</span>: plpf. ἐδέδοτο <span class="bibl">Th.3.109</span>:—[[give freely]], τινί τι <span class="bibl">Od.24.274</span>, etc.: in pres. and impf., [[to be ready to give]], [[offer]], <span class="bibl">Il.9.519</span>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.5.94</span>, <span class="bibl">9.109</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Fr.</span>100</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>6.3.9</span>, etc.; τὰ διδόμενα [[things offered]], <span class="bibl">D.18.119</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> of the gods, [[grant]], [[assign]], <b class="b3">κῦδος, νίκην</b>, etc., <span class="bibl">Il.19.204</span>, <span class="bibl">11.397</span>, etc.; of evils, <b class="b3">δ. ἄλγεα, ἄτας, κήδεα</b>, etc., <span class="bibl">1.96</span>, <span class="bibl">19.270</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.9.15</span>, etc.; twice in Hom. in Pass., <b class="b3">οὔ τοι δέδοται πολεμήϊα ἔργα</b> not to thee [[have]] deeds of war [[been granted]], <span class="bibl">Il.5.428</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Od.2.78</span>; later <b class="b3">εὖ διδόναι τινί</b> [[give]] good fortune, [[provide]] well [[for]]... <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>1081</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">OC</span>642</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Andr.</span>750</span>: abs., of the laws, [[grant permission]], δόντων αὐτῷ τῶν νόμων <span class="bibl">Is.7.2</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>813c</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> [[offer]] to the gods, <b class="b3">ἑκατόμβας, ἱρὰ θεοῖσιν</b>, <span class="bibl">Il.12.6</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.1.67</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">4</span> with inf. added, <b class="b3">ξεῖνος γάρ οἱ ἔδωκεν… ἐς πόλεμον φορέειν</b> [[gave]] it him to wear in war, <span class="bibl">Il.15.532</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">23.183</span>; δῶκε [τεύχεα] θεράποντι φορῆναι <span class="bibl">7.149</span>: later freq. of [[giving]] to eat or drink, ἐκ χειρὸς διδοῖ πιεῖν <span class="bibl">Hdt.4.172</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Cratin.124</span>, <span class="bibl">Pherecr.69</span>, etc.; ἐδίδου ῥοφεῖν <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Fr.</span>203</span>; δίδου μασᾶσθαι <span class="bibl">Eup. 253</span>; δὸς καταφαγεῖν <span class="bibl">Hegem.1</span>; τὴν κύλικα δὸς ἐμπιεῖν <span class="bibl">Pherecr.41</span>; δὸς τὴν μεγάλην σπάσαι <span class="bibl">Diph.17.7</span>; with inf. omitted, φιάλην ἔδωκε κεράσας <span class="bibl">Ephipp.10</span>; εὐζωρότερον δός <span class="bibl">Diph.58</span>; also of [[giving]] water to wash with, <b class="b3">δίδου κατὰ χειρός</b> (sc. [[νίψασθαι]]) <span class="bibl">Arched.2.3</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Alex.261.2</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">5</span> Prose phrases, <b class="b3">δ. ὅρκον</b>, opp. [[λαμβάνειν]], [[tender]] an oath, δοκεῖ κἂν ὀμόσαι εἴ τις αὐτῷ ὅρκον διδοίη <span class="bibl">Is.9.24</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">D.39.3</span>, <span class="bibl">Arist. <span class="title">Rh.</span>1377a8</span>; <b class="b3">δ. ψῆφον, γνώμην</b>, [[put]] a proposal to the vote, [[propose]] a resolution, <span class="bibl">D.21.87</span>, <span class="bibl">24.13</span>: <b class="b3">δ. χάριν</b>, = [[χαρίζεσθαι]], <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>1354</span>, <span class="bibl">Cratin. 317</span>; <b class="b3">ὀργῇ χάριν δούς</b> [[having indulged]]... <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>855</span>; <b class="b3">λόγον τινὶ δ</b>. [[give]] one leave to speak, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">HG</span>5.2.20</span>; δ. λόγον σφίσι [[deliberate]], <span class="bibl">Hdt. 1.97</span>; οὐκ, εἰ διδοίης… σαυτῷ λόγον <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>583</span>; <b class="b3">δοῦναι, λαβεῖν λόγον</b>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">SE</span>165a27</span> (but <b class="b3">δ. λόγον, εὐθύνας</b>, [[render]] accounts, <span class="title">IG</span>12.91, al.): <b class="b3">δ. δίκην</b> or [[δίκας]], v. [[δίκη]]: <b class="b3">ἀκοὴν δ. λόγοις</b> [[lend]] an ear to... <span class="bibl">S. <span class="title">El.</span>30</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">δ. ἐργασίαν</b> [[give]] diligence, = Lat. [[dare operam]], <span class="title">OGI</span>441.109 (Lagina, i B. C.), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">POxy.</span>742.11</span>: c. inf., <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ev.Luc.</span>12.58</span>: abs., sc. πληγήν, λίθῳ δ. τινί <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PLips.</span>13 iii 3</span>; <b class="b3">ἐμβολὰς διδόναι</b>, [[ram]], of ships, <span class="bibl">D.S.13.10</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> c. acc. pers., [[hand over]], [[deliver up]], ἀχέεσσί με δώσεις <span class="bibl">Od.19.167</span>; μιν… ὀδύνῃσιν ἔδωκεν <span class="bibl">Il.5.397</span>; Ἕκτορα κυσίν <span class="bibl">23.21</span>; πυρί τινα <span class="bibl">Od.24.65</span>; πληγαῖς τινά <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>574c</span>; ἔδωκε θῆρας φόβῳ <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>5.60</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> of parents, [[give]] their daughter [[to wife]], θυγατέρα ἀνδρί <span class="bibl">Il.6.192</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.4.7</span>; also of Telemachus, ἀνέρι μητέρα δώσω <span class="bibl">2.223</span>; <b class="b3">τὴν… Σάμηνδε ἔδοσαν</b> [[gave]] her [[in marriage]] to go to Samé, <span class="bibl">15.367</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">17.442</span>; with inf. added, δώσω σοι Χαρίτων μίαν ὀπυιέμεναι <span class="bibl">Il. 14.268</span>: in Prose and Trag., θυγατέρα δ. τινὶ γυναῖκα <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.107</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Th.6.59</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">HG</span>4.1.4</span>, etc.: abs., ἐδίδοσαν καὶ ἤγοντο ἐξ ἀλλήλων <span class="bibl">Hdt. 5.92</span>.[[β]], cf. <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Med.</span>288</span>; also δ. κόρᾳ ἄνδρα <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>9.117</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> <b class="b3">διδόναι τινά τινι</b> [[grant]] another to one's entreaties, [[pardon]] him at one's request, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>6.6.31</span>; <b class="b3">διδόναι τινί τι</b> [[forgive]] one a thing, [[condone]] it, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Cyc.</span>296</span> (s. v. l.). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">4</span> <b class="b3">δ. ἑαυτόν τινι</b> [[give]] oneself [[up]], δ. σφέας αὐτοὺς τοῖσι Ἀθηναίοισι <span class="bibl">Hdt.6.108</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span>84</span>, <span class="bibl">Th.2.68</span>; τινὶ εἰς χεῖρας <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>1348</span>; δ. ἑαυτὸν τοῖς δεινοῖς <span class="bibl">D.18.97</span>; εἰς τοὺς κινδύνους <span class="bibl">Plb.3.17.8</span>; εἰς ἔντευξιν <span class="bibl">Id.3.15.4</span>; <b class="b3">εἰς τρυφήν, εἰς λῃστείας</b>, <span class="bibl">D.S.17.108</span>, <span class="bibl">18.47</span>: c. inf., δίδωσ' ἑκὼν κτείνειν ἑαυτόν <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span>1341</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">5</span> [[appoint]], [[establish]], of a priest, <span class="bibl">LXX<span class="title">Ex.</span>31.6</span>; <b class="b3">δῶμεν ἀρχηγόν</b> ib.<span class="bibl"><span class="title">Nu.</span> 14.4</span>; <b class="b3">δ. τινὰ εἰς ἔθνος μέγα</b> ib.<span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ge.</span>17.20</span>; [[place]], <b class="b3">τινὰ ὑπεράνω πάντα τὰ ἔθνη</b> ib.<span class="bibl"><span class="title">De.</span>28.1</span>:—Pass., <b class="b3">οἱ δεδομένοι</b>, = [[Nethinim]], [[ministers]] of the Temple, ib.<span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ne.</span>5.3</span>; <b class="b3">ἐδόθη αὐτοῖς ἵνα</b>… [[orders were given]] them that... <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Apoc.</span>9.5</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">III</span> in vows and prayers, c. acc. pers. et inf., <b class="b2">grant, allow, bring about that</b>... esp. in prayers, <b class="b3">δὸς ἀποφθίμενον δῦναι δόμον Ἄϊδος εἴσω</b> [[grant that]] he may go... <span class="bibl">Il.3.322</span>; τὸν κασίγνητον δότε τυίδ' ἴκεσθαι <span class="bibl">Sapph.<span class="title">Supp.</span>1.2</span>; <b class="b3">δός με τείσασθαι</b> [[give]] me [[to]]... <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ch.</span>18</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Eu.</span>31</span>; also c. dat. pers., τούτῳ… εὐτυχεῖν δοῖεν θεοί <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Th.</span>422</span>; θεοὶ δοῖέν ποτ' αὐτοῖς… παθεῖν <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span>316</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">OC</span>1101</span>, <span class="bibl">1287</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>737b</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> [[grant]], [[concede]] in argument, δ. καὶ συγχωρεῖν <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Phd.</span>100b</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Metaph.</span>990a12</span>, al.: c. inf., <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ph.</span>239b29</span>; δ. εἶναι θεούς <span class="bibl">Iamb.<span class="title">Myst.</span>1.3</span>; ἑνὸς ἀτόπου δοθέντος τἆλλα συμβαίνει <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Ph.</span>186a9</span>; <b class="b3">δεδομένα, τά,</b> [[data]], title of work by Euclid; <b class="b3">ἡ δοθεῖσα γραμμή, γωνία</b>, etc., <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Men.</span>87a</span>, <span class="bibl">Euc.1.9</span>, etc.; δεδόσθω κύκλος <span class="bibl">Archim.<span class="title">Sph.Cyl.</span>1.6</span>, al.; also in Alchemy, [[δός]] [[take]] certain substances, <span class="title">Pleid.X.</span>69. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">IV</span> Gramm., [[describe]], [[record]], Sch.<span class="bibl">Pi. <span class="title">P.</span>5.93</span>, Sch.<span class="bibl">Il.16.207</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">V</span> seemingly intr., [[give oneself up]], [[devote oneself]], c. dat., esp. ἡδονῇ <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ph.</span>21</span>, <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Publ.</span>13</span>; ἡδοναῖς <span class="bibl">Philostr. <span class="title">VS</span>1.12</span>; ἐλπίδι <span class="bibl">J.<span class="title">AJ</span>17.12.2</span>; εἰς δημοκοπίαν <span class="bibl">D.S.25.8</span>; δρόμῳ δοὺς φέρεσθαι [[at full speed]], <span class="bibl">Alciphr.3.47</span>.</span>