κἄν: Difference between revisions

|Definition=(not [[κᾄν]]), by crasis, <span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">I</span> for <b class="b3">καὶ ἄν</b>…, v.l. in <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Op.</span>357</span>, freq. in Att.: not often when [[καί]] is simply copul., <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phd.</span>79a</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Grg.</span> 514d</span>; but freq. when [[καί]] is intens., <b class="b3">ὅ γε κ. μέγα δοίη</b> [[even]] a great thing, Hes. l.c.; κακὸν δὲ κ. ἐν ἡμέρᾳ γνοίης μιᾷ <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>615</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">591</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Aj.</span>45</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Nu.</span>1130</span>, <span class="bibl">Th.7.61</span>, etc.; sts. repeated after or before a Verb with ἄν, ἐπεὶ κ. σὺ... εἴ τίς σε διδάξειεν... βελτίων ἂν γένοιο <span class="bibl">Pl. <span class="title">Prt.</span>318b</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">R.</span>515e</span>; freq. in the phrase <b class="b3">κ. εἰ</b>, where [[καί]] properly belongs to [[εἰ]], [[even if]], and [[ἄν]] to the Verb that follows in apodosi, <b class="b3">νῦν δέ μοι δοκεῖ, κ. ἀσέβειαν εἰ καταγιγνώσκοι, τὰ προσήκοντα ποιεῖν</b> (for <b class="b3">καὶ εἰ καταγιγνώσκοι, ποιεῖν ἄν</b>) <span class="bibl">D.21.51</span>: hence, </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> even when the Verb in apodosi was of a tense that could not be joined with <b class="b3">ἄν, κ. εἰ πολλαὶ</b> [<b class="b3">αἱ ἀρεταί</b>]… εἰσιν, ἕν γέ τι εἶδος ταὐτὸν ἅπασαι ἔχουσι <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Men.</span> 72c</span>; κ. εἰ μή τῳ δοκεῖ <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">R.</span>473a</span>, <span class="bibl">579d</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">408b</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Phd.</span>71b</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Sph.</span>247e</span>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Top.</span>136a31</span>, al. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> in later Gr. without [[εἰ]], simply as a stronger form of [[καί]], [[even]], εἴσελθε κ. νῦν <span class="bibl">Men.342</span>; κ. νεκρῷ Χάρισαι τὰ σὰ Χείλεα <span class="bibl">Theoc.23.41</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">35</span> (v.l.) (and so with <b class="b3">εἷς, μία, ἕν, κ. μίαν ἡμέραν δόντες αὐτοῖς</b> v.l. in <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">HG</span>1.7.19</span>; εἰ κ. ἕν τι φαίνοιτο <span class="bibl">S.E. <span class="title">P.</span>2.195</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Ph.2.29</span>); ἐὰν ἅψωμαι κ. τῶν ἱματίων <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ev.Marc.</span>5.28</span>; <b class="b3">κ. νῦν</b> now [[at any rate]], POxy.2151.7 (iii A.D.); <b class="b3">κἂν ὧς</b> [[even]] so, [[nevertheless]], ib.123.7 (iii/iv A.D.); οἷς οὐδὲ κ. ὄνος ὑπῆρξε πώποτε <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Tim.</span>20</span> codd., cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">DDeor.</span>5.2</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> for <b class="b3">καὶ ἄν</b> ( ἐάν), [[even if]], with the same moods as [[ἐάν]], <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>15</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Prt.</span>319c</span>, etc.: freq. used ellipt., <b class="b3">ἄνδρα Χρὴ δοκεῖν πεσεῖν ἂν κ</b>. (sc. [[πέσῃ]]) ἀπὸ σμικροῦ κακοῦ <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>1078</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">V.</span>92</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ach.</span>1021</span>, and so prob. in <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>1483</span>: later folld. by ind., κἂν γὰρ οὕτω φαμέν <span class="bibl">A.D.<span class="title">Synt.</span>70.22</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b3">κἄν... κἄν</b>…, <b class="b2">whether... or</b>... κἂν μεγάλην πόλιν οἰκῶσι κἂν μικράν <span class="bibl">D.25.15</span>.</span>