ζυγόν: Difference between revisions

|etymtx=Grammatical information: n.<br />Meaning: [[yoke]] (Il.), also metaph., e. g. of a cross-wood, of the rowing benches connecting the two ship sides, of the tongue of a balance, of a pair, of a row or a rank of soldiers (oppos. [[στοῖχος]]), as land measure.<br />Other forms: Hell. mostly <b class="b3">-ός</b> m., rarely earlier, s. Schwyzer-Debrunner 37.)<br />Compounds: Often in compp., e. g. <b class="b3">πολύ-ζυγος</b> [[with many rowing benches]], <b class="b3">ζυγό-δεσμον</b> [[yoke-straps]] (Il.), also <b class="b3">ζυγη-φόρος</b> [[carrying a yoke]] (A., analog.-metr. beside <b class="b3">ζυγο-φόρος</b>; Schwyzer 439 n. 1).<br />Derivatives: Seberal deriv.: 1. [[ζύγιον]] [[rowing bench]] (hell.). 2. [[ζυγίσκον]] meaning unclear (IG 22, 1549, 9, Eleusis, + 300a). 3. [[ζύγαινα]] the hammer-headed shark (Epich., Arist.; after the shape of the skull, Strömberg Fischnamen 35). 4. [[ζυγίς]] [[thyme]] (Dsc.; motivation of the name unknown, Strömberg Pflanzennamen 56). 5. [[ζούγωνερ]] (= <b class="b3">*ζύγωνες</b>) <b class="b3">βόες ἐργάται</b>. [[Λάκωνες]] H. 6. [[ζυγίτης]] name of a rower (sch.; Redard Les noms grecs en <b class="b3">-της</b> 44), f. [[ζυγῖτις]] Hera as goddess of marriage (Nicom. ap. Phot.; Redard 209). 7. [[ζυγία]] [[maple]] (Thphr.) prop. "yoke-wood" (s. Strömberg Theophrastea 114), because the hard maple was mainly used to make yokes (so even now in southern Italy), Rohlfs WB VI and 86; also Rohlfs ByzZ 37, 57, Dawkins JournofHellStud. 56, 1f.; diff. Strömberg Pflanzennamen 56 (after the pairwise attached fruits). 8. [[ζύγαστρον]] [[wooden cist]], [[chest]] s.v. [[σίγιστρον]] - Adject. 9. [[ζύγιος]] <b class="b2">belonging to the yoke etc.</b> (Att. etc.; also as nautical expression, s. Morrison Class. Quart. 41, 128ff.). 10. [[ζύγιμος]] <b class="b2">id.</b> (Plb.; s. Arbenz Die Adj. auf <b class="b3">-ιμος</b> 94). 11. [[ζυγικός]] [[belonging to the tongue of a balance]] (Nicom. Harm.). Adv. <b class="b3">ζυγ-άδην</b> (Ph.), <b class="b3">ζυγ-ηδόν</b> (Hld.) [[pairwise]]. - Denomin. verbs: 1. [[ζυγόω]] <b class="b2">yoke, connect (through a cross-wood), shut, hold the balance</b> (A., hell.) with [[ζύγωμα]] [[bar]], [[cross-rod]] (Plb.), [[ζύγωσις]] [[balancing]] (hell.), <b class="b3">*ζύγωθρον</b> in the denomin. aor. ipv. [[ζυγώθρισον]] (Ar. Nu. 745; meaning uncertain, [[weigh]] or [[shut]]?). 2. [[ζυγέω]] [[form a row or rank]] (Plb.). - Beside [[ζυγόν]] as 2. member the verbal root <b class="b3">-ζυξ</b>, e. g. <b class="b3">ἄ-ζυξ</b> [[unconnected]], [[unmarried]], <b class="b3">ὁμό-</b>, <b class="b3">σύ-ζυξ</b> [[yoked together]], [[connected]] (also <b class="b3">ἄ-</b>, <b class="b3">ὁμό-</b>, <b class="b3">σύ-ζυγος</b>), s. Chantraine REGr. 59-60, 231f.<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [508} <b class="b2">*ieug-</b> [[connect]]<br />Etymology: Old name of a device, retained in most IE languages, e. g. Hitt. [[iugan]], Skt. <b class="b2">yugám</b>, Lat. [[iugum]], Germ., e. g. Goth. [[juk]], IE <b class="b2">*i̯ugóm</b>; more forms Pok. 509f., W.-Hofmann and Ernout-Meillet s. [[iugum]]. - The root noun <b class="b3">-ζυξ</b> also in Lat. [[con-iux]] [[spouse]], Skt. <b class="b2">a-yúj-</b> [[not forming a pair]], [[uneven]] (formally = <b class="b3">ἄ-ζυξ</b> except the accent), <b class="b2">sa-yúj-</b> [[connected]], [[companion]] a. o. - Cf. [[ζεύγνυμι]] and [[ζεῦγος]]. Rix, Hist. Gramm. 60, 70 suggests <b class="b2">Hi̯-</b>, which is still uncertain.