διφθέρα: Difference between revisions

|Definition=ἡ, <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> [[prepared hide]], [[piece of leather]], <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.194</span>; ἐκ διφθερέων πεποιημέναι κυνέαι <span class="bibl">Id.7.77</span>; [[διφθέραι]], opp. [[δέρρεις]] (hides), <span class="bibl">Th.2.75</span>; of a [[drum]], <span class="bibl">Hero <span class="title">Aut.</span>20.4</span>; esp. as writing-material, τὰς βύβλους διφθέρας καλέουσι ἀπὸ τοῦ παλαιοῦ οἱ Ἴωνες <span class="bibl">Hdt.5.58</span>; δ. μελαγγραφεῖς <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Fr.</span>627</span>; <b class="b3">δ. βασιλικαί</b>, of Persian records, Ctes. ap. <span class="bibl">D.S.2.32</span>; <b class="b3">δ. ἱεραί</b>, at Carthage, Plu.2.942c; <b class="b3">χαλκαῖ δ</b>., ib. 297a, cf. Sch.<span class="bibl">Il.1.175</span>: prov., ἀρχαιότερα τῆς διφθέρας λέγεις <span class="bibl">Diogenian.3.2</span>; used for bindings, <b class="b3">διφθέρας περιβάλλειν</b> (sc. [[βιβλίοις]]) <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Ind.</span>16</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> [[anything made of leather]], [[leathern jerkin]], <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Nu.</span>72</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Cri.</span>53d</span>, <span class="title">SIG</span> 1259.6 (iv B. C.), <span class="bibl">Men.<span class="title">Epit.</span>12</span>, <span class="bibl">Luc. <span class="title">Tim.</span>6</span>,<span class="bibl">38</span>, <span class="bibl">Arr.<span class="title">An.</span>7.9.2</span>, etc.; properly, [[of goatskin]], opp. [[μηλωτή]], <span class="bibl">Ammon.<span class="title">Diff.</span>p.44</span> V. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> [[wallet]], [[bag]], <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>5.2.12</span>, <span class="bibl">Lib.<span class="title">Or.</span>58.5</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> pl., [[skins used as tents]], <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span> 1.5.10</span>, <span class="bibl">Phylarch.41</span> J.</span>

|ftr='''διφθέρα''': {diphthéra}<br />'''Grammar''': f.<br />'''Meaning''': [[zubereitete Haut]], [[Fell]], [[Leder]], auch Ben. verschiedener lederner Gegenstände (ion. att.); [[διψάρα]]· [[δέλτος]], οἱ δὲ [[διφθέρα]] H. (zum Lautlichen Schwyzer 326).<br />'''Derivative''': Ableitungen. Deminutivum [[διφθέριον]] (Theognost.); [[διφθερίς]] = [[διφθέρα]] (''AP''; nach den Sekundärbildungen auf -ίς, Chantraine Formation 341ff.); [[διφθέρωμα]] ib. (Thd.; vgl. [[ἄσκωμα]] von [[ἀσκός]] und Chantraine 187); — [[διφθερίας]] [[Mann in Fell]], [[Landmann]] (Kom., Luk.; Chantraine 93); f. [[διφθερῖτις]] (Poll.; Redard Les noms grecs en -της 114); [[διφθεράριος]] [[Pergamentmacher]] (''Edict''. ''Diocl''. ''Asin''.); — [[διφθέρινος]] ‘aus δ. gemacht, ledern’ (X., Str.). — Denominativum [[διφθερόομαι]] [[in Fell gekleidet werden]] (Str.).<br />'''Etymology''' : Zu [[δέφω]], [[δέψω]] (de Saussure MSL 7, 91; Zweifel bei Pisani Ist. Lomb. 73 : 2, 2) mit ε für ι wie in [[ἱστίη]] usw. (Schwyzer 351 m. Lit.). Bildung unklar; vielleicht Erweiterung eines alten Neutrums auf -(τ)αρ ([[ἴκταρ]], [[νέκταρ]] u. a.) wie [[ἡμέρα]] gegenüber [[ἦμαρ]]. — Über iranische LW aus [[διφθέρα]], z. B. npers. ''daftar'' [[office]], s. Bailey Trans. Phil. Soc. 1933, 50.<br />'''Page''' 1,400