ἀναγκαῖος: Difference between revisions

|Definition=α, ον, in Att. also ος, ον <span class="bibl">Th.1.2</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>554a</span>, etc.: <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> [[of force]], [[with force]], or [[by force]]: </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">I</span> Act., [[constrain]]ing, [[apply]]ing [[force]], [[μῦθος]] ἀναγκαῖος = a word of [[force]], <span class="bibl">Od.17.399</span>; [[χρειὼ ἀναγκαῖος]] = [[urgent]] [[necessity]], <span class="bibl">Il.8.57</span>; <b class="b3">ἦμαρ ἀναγκαῖον</b> [[day]] of [[constraint]], i.e. [[life]] of [[slavery]], <span class="bibl">16.836</span>; <b class="b3">ἀναγκαῖα τύχη</b> a [[doom]] [[impose]]d by [[fate]], or [[fateful]] [[chance]], <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>485</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">803</span> (but, [[fatal]] [[chance]], <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">El.</span>48</span>); πᾶν γὰρ ἀ. χρῆμ' ἀνιηρὸν ἔφυ <span class="bibl">Thgn.472</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">297</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Or.</span>230</span>; <b class="b3">τῆς ἀρχῆς τῷ ἀναγκαίῳ παροξυνομένους</b> by the [[compulsory]] [[nature]] of our [[rule]], <span class="bibl">Th.5.99</span>; δεσμὸς ἀναγκαῖος <span class="bibl">Theoc.24.33</span>; [[ἐξ ἀναγκαίου]] under [[stress]] of [[circumstance]]s, <span class="bibl">Th.7.60</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> [[forcible]], [[cogent]], πειθώ <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Sph.</span>265d</span>; ἀποδείξεις <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ti.</span>40e</span>; διαλλακτὰς πολὺ τῶν ἐμῶν λόγων ἀναγκαιοτέρους <span class="bibl">Th.4.60</span>; <b class="b3">τὰ ἀναγκαιότερα τῶν ἀντιγράφων</b> the more [[authoritative]] copies, Sch.<span class="bibl">S. <span class="title">OC</span>390</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> Pass., [[constrained]], [[forced]], twice in Od., πολεμισταὶ ἀναγκαῖοι = [[soldier]]s [[perforce]], <span class="bibl">Od.24.499</span>; so <b class="b3">δμῶες ἀ</b>. ib.<span class="bibl">210</span> (where however Eust. expl. it [[χρειώδεις]] [[trusty]], [[serviceable]], v. infr. <span class="bibl">6</span>). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> [[necessary]] (physically or morally), [[οὐκ ἀναγκαῖον]] = [[unnecessary]] (on its diff. senses in philosophy v. <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Metaph.</span> 1015a20</span>ff.), [[ἀναγκαῖον]] [ἐστί] [[it is necessary to]]... <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span>1317</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">γίνεταί μοι ἀναγκαιότατον</b>, c. inf., <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.65</span>; <b class="b3">ἀναγκαῖον κακόν</b> a [[necessary]] [[evil]], <span class="bibl">Men.651</span>, cf. Hybreasap.<span class="bibl">Str.14.2.24</span>: also c. inf., ἔνιαι τῶν ἀποκρίσεων ἀναγκαῖαι διὰ μακρῶν τοὺς λόγους ποιεῖσθαι <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Grg.</span> 449b</span>; ὁδὸν ἀναγκαιοτάτην εἶναι τρέπεσθαι <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Sph.</span>242b</span>; [<b class="b3">μαθήματα] ἀναγκαῖα προμεμαθηκέναι</b> [[necessary]] for us to have learnt them before, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Lg.</span>643c</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> [[τὰ ἀναγκαῖα]] = [[necessaries of life]], <span class="bibl">Antipho 4.1.2</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>848a</span>; [[τὰ ἀναγκαῖα]] τοῦ βίου <span class="bibl">Isoc.4.40</span>; ἀ. τροφή <span class="bibl">Th.1.2</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">b</span> [[τὰ ἀναγκαῖα]] = [[things necessary to be done]], <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Mem.</span>1.1.6</span>; <b class="b3">τὰ ἐκ θεοῦ ἀναγκαῖα</b> the [[appoint]]ed [[order]] of things, HG <span class="bibl">1.7.33</span>; θεῶν ἀναγκαῖον τόδε <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hec.</span>584</span> codd.: [[τὸ ἀναγκαῖον]], = [[ἀνάγκη]], <span class="bibl">Arist. <span class="title">Ph.</span>200a31</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">4</span> [[indispensable]], i. e. a [[bare]] [[minimum]], freq. in Sup., <b class="b3">τὸ ἀναγκαιότατον ὕψος</b> the [[least]] [[height]] that was [[absolutely]] [[necessary]], <span class="bibl">Th.1.90</span>; <b class="b3">ἡ ἀναγκαιοτάτη πόλις</b> the [[least]] that could be [[call]]ed a [[city]], <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>369d</span>; ἐκ τεττάρων ἀναγκαιοτάτων συγκεῖσθαι πόλιν <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pol.</span> 1291a12</span>; <b class="b3">αὐτὰ τἀναγκαιότατ' εἰπεῖν</b> give [[a bare outline]] of the facts, <span class="bibl">D.18.126</span>, cf. 168; <b class="b3">ἡ ἀναγκαία συγγένεια</b> the most [[distant]] [[degree]] of [[kinship]] [[recognize]]d by [[law]], <span class="bibl">44.26</span>: less freq. in Posit., οὐδὲ τἀναγκαῖα ἐξικέσθαι <span class="bibl">Th.1.70</span>: hence, [[scanty]], [[makeshift]], [[παρασκευή]] <span class="bibl">6.37</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">5</span> of persons, [[connect]]ed by [[necessary]] or [[natural]] ties, i. e. [[related]] by [[blood]], <span class="bibl">Antipho 1.4</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>574b</span>; ἀ. δόμοις <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Alc.</span>533</span>; οἱ ἀ. [[kinsfolk]], <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>2.4.1</span>; ἀναγκαῖοι φίλοι <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Andr.</span>671</span>; συγγενεῖς καὶ ἀναγκαῖοι ἄνθρωποι <span class="bibl">D.19.290</span>; τοὺς συγγενεῖς αὐτοῦ καὶ ἀ. φίλους <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Act.Ap.</span>10.24</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PFlor.</span>2.142.2</span> (iii A. D.). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">6</span> Astrol., [[efficacious]], <span class="bibl">Vett.Val.63.1</span> (Comp.): <b class="b3">ἀναγκαῖα γραμμή</b> [[line]] of [[fate]], Cat.Cod.Astr.7.238. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">7</span> [[costly]], ὄξος <span class="bibl"><span class="title">POxy.</span>1870</span> (v A. D.); ἐσθής Suid. [[sub verbo|s.v.]] [[βεστιάριον]]. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">III</span> Adv. [[ἀναγκαίως]] [[of necessity]], [[perforce]], [[ἀναγκαίως ἔχει]] = [[it must be so]], <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.89</span>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ch.</span>239</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Tr.</span>723</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl. <span class="title">Phd.</span>91e</span>, etc.; ἀναγκαίως ἔχει μοι ποιέειν ταῦτα <span class="bibl">Hdt.8.140</span>.ά, al.; <b class="b3">ἀναγκαίως φέρειν</b>, opp. [[ἀνδρείως]], <span class="bibl">Th.2.64</span>; [[as best might be]], <span class="bibl">Pl. <span class="title">Ti.</span>69d</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b3">γελοίως καὶ ἀναγκαίως λέγειν</b> in a narrow [[sense]] (cf. <span class="bibl">11.4</span>, but prob. with play on <span class="bibl">111.1</span>), <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">R.</span>527a</span>; πτωχῶς μέν, ἀλλ' ἀναγκαίως <span class="bibl">Babr.55.2</span>:—Sup. [[ἀναγκαιότατα]], λέγεις <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phlb.</span>40c</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> [[strictly]], [[κελεύειν]] <span class="title">OGI</span>669.41 (i A. D.). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">IV</span> <b class="b3">οἱ ἀναγκαῖοι τόποι</b> [[privy]] [[part]]s, <span class="bibl">Vett.Val.113.9</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">V</span> [[ἀναγκαῖον]], τό, v. sub v.</span>