πεῖρα: Difference between revisions

|Definition=ας (Ion. [[πεῖρα]], acc. [[πεῖραν]], gen. -ης), Aeol. πέρρα Choerob. in <span class="title">An. Ox.</span> 2.252 : ἡ:—<span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> [[trial]], [[attempt]], π. τοι μαθήσιος ἀρχά <span class="bibl">Alcm.63</span>; opp. [[δόξα]], <span class="bibl">Thgn.571</span>; πείρᾳ δ' οὐ προσωμίλησά πω <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Tr.</span> 591</span>; πικρὰν πεῖραν τολμήσειν <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">El.</span>471</span>; πείρᾳ σφαλῆναι <span class="bibl">Th. 1.70</span>; <b class="b3">ἢν μὲν ξυμβῇ ἡ π</b>. <span class="bibl">Id.3.3</span>; πείρᾳ θην πάντα τελεῖται <span class="bibl">Theoc. 15.62</span>; <b class="b3">πεῖραν ἔχοντες</b> [[being proved]], <span class="bibl">Pi. <span class="title">N.</span> 4.76</span>; but <b class="b3">πεῖραν ἔχειν τινός</b> to have [[experience]] of... <span class="bibl">X. <span class="title">Cyr.</span>4.1.5</span>; <b class="b3">π. τινῶν ἔχειν ὅτι</b>… <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">An.</span> 3.2.16</span>; <b class="b3">π. ἔχει τῆς γνώμης</b> involves [[a trial]] of your resolution, <span class="bibl">Th. 1.140</span>; <b class="b3">πεῖράν τινος λαμβάνειν</b> or [[λαβεῖν]] to make [[trial]] or [[proof]] of... <span class="bibl">E. <span class="title">Fr.</span>691</span>, <span class="bibl">Isoc. 12.236</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl. <span class="title">Grg.</span>448a</span>, <span class="bibl">X. <span class="title">An.</span>6.6.33</span>, etc. ; also, gain [[experience]] of... <b class="b3">ἐν ἑαυτῷ</b> ib. <span class="bibl">5.8.15</span>; π. λ. τινός, ὅπως ἔχει <span class="bibl">Pl. <span class="title">Prt.</span> 342a</span>; π. λ. τινός, εἰ ἄρα τι λέγει <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Thg.</span> 129d</span>; <b class="b3">πεῖράν τινος διδόναι</b> (cf. Lat. [[specimen sui edere]]) Darei Epist. in <span class="title">SIG</span> 22.21, <span class="bibl">Th. 1.138</span>, <span class="bibl">Isoc. 3.45</span>; π. τῆς δόξης δοῦναι <span class="bibl">Th. 6.11</span>; π. ἔργῳ δεδωκέναι <span class="bibl">D.18.107</span>, cf. 195 ; π. ἀλλήλων λαμβάνοντες καὶ διδόντες <span class="bibl">Pl. <span class="title">Prt.</span> 348a</span>; πεῖραν ποιήσασθαι <span class="bibl">Th. 1.53</span>; <b class="b3">π. ποιεῖσθαι εἰ</b>… <span class="bibl">Id.2.20</span>; ταῖς π. βασανίζειν <span class="bibl">Arist. <span class="title">GA</span>747a3</span>; πεῖραν καθεῖναι <span class="bibl">Ael. <span class="title">VH</span>2.13</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">NA</span>1.39</span>; <b class="b3">π. δέξασθαι</b> [[undertake]], <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Pyrrh.</span> 5</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> with Preps., <b class="b3">ἀπὸ πείρης</b> by [[experiment]], opp. [[αὐτόματον]], <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.9</span>. γ ; διὰ πείρας ἰέναι <span class="bibl">Pl. <span class="title">Ax.</span> 369a</span>; διὰ π. ἔργων ἐλήλυθε Onos. <span class="title">Praef.</span> 7 ; <b class="b3">ἀποδοκιμασθῆναι διὰ τῆς π</b>. <span class="bibl">Arist. <span class="title">Pol.</span> 1341a37</span>; ἐς πεῖραν ἤλθομεν φίλων <span class="bibl">E. <span class="title">Heracl.</span> 309</span>, etc. ; <b class="b3">ἰέναι ἐς τὴν π. τοῦ ναυτικοῦ</b> [[try]] an action by sea, <span class="bibl">Th. 7.21</span>; <b class="b3">ἀκοῆς κρείσσων ἐς π. ἔρχεται</b> turns out [[on trial]] greater than report, <span class="bibl">Id.2.41</span>; ἐκ τῆς π. δῆλον <span class="bibl">Arist. <span class="title">Pr.</span> 938b38</span>; <b class="b3">Κύρου ἐν πείρᾳ γενέσθαι</b> to have been [[acquainted]] with Cyrus, <span class="bibl">X. <span class="title">An.</span> 1.9.1</span>; ἐν π. τέλος διαφαίνεται <span class="bibl">Pi. <span class="title">N.</span> 3.70</span>; <b class="b3">ἐπὶ πείρᾳ</b> by way of [[test]] or [[trial]], <span class="bibl">Ar. <span class="title">Av.</span> 583</span>; <b class="b3">ἐπὶ π. δούς</b> [[on trial]], <span class="bibl">Men. 118</span>; <b class="b3">π. θανάτου πέρι καὶ ζωᾶς</b> a [[contest]] for... <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">N.</span> 9.28</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> [[attempt on]] or [[against]] one, <b class="b3">πεῖράν τιν' ἐχθρῶν ἁρπάσαι</b> [[a means of attacking]]... <span class="bibl">S. <span class="title">Aj.</span> 2</span>; τοιοῦδε φωτὸς π. εὖ φυλακτέον <span class="bibl">A. <span class="title">Th.</span> 499</span>; esp. [[attempt to seduce]] a woman, <span class="bibl">Plu. <span class="title">Thes.</span> 26</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Cim.</span> 1</span> : abs., [[attempt]], [[enterprise]], <span class="bibl">A. <span class="title">Pers.</span> 719</span> (troch.), <span class="bibl">Th. 3.20</span>; <b class="b3">πεῖραν ἀφορμᾶν</b> to go forth upon [[an enterprise]], <span class="bibl">S. <span class="title">Aj.</span> 290</span>; cf. [[πειρατής]]. (Cf. Lat. [[experior]], [[peritus]].) </span>