ἄνθρωπος: Difference between revisions

|Definition=ἡ, Att. crasis [[ἅνθρωπος]], Ion. [[ὥνθρωπος]], Laconian [[ἀνθρωπώ]], Cypriot: 𐠀𐠰𐠦𐠡𐠩‎ (a-to-ro-po-se), for [[ὁ ἄνθρωπος]]:— <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> [[man]], both as a generic term and of individuals, Hom. etc., opp. [[gods]], ἀθανάτων τε θεῶν χαμαὶ ἐρχομένων τ' ἀνθρώπων <span class="bibl">Il.5.442</span>, etc.; [[πρὸς ἠοίων ἢ ἑσπερίων ἀνθρώπων]] = [[the men of the east or of the west]], <span class="bibl">Od.8.29</span>; even of the dead in the Isles of the Blest, ib.<span class="bibl">4.565</span>; κόμπος οὐ κατ' ἄνθρωπον <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Th.</span>425</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>761</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> Pl. uses it both with and without the Art. to denote [[man]] generically, ὁ ἄ. θείας μετέσχε μοίρας <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Prt.</span>322a</span>; οὕτω . . εὐδαιμονέστατος γίγνεται ἄ. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">R.</span>619b</span>, al.; [[ὁ ἄνθρωπος]] = [[the ideal man]], [[humanity]], ἀπώλεσας τὸν ἄ., οὐκ ἐπλήρωσας τὴν ἐπαγγελίαν <span class="bibl">Arr.<span class="title">Epict.</span>2.9.3</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> in pl., [[mankind]], ἀνθρώπων . . ἀνδρῶν ἠδὲ γυναικῶν <span class="bibl">Il.9.134</span>; ἐν τῷ μακρῷ . . ἀνθρώπων χρόνῳ <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span>306</span>; [[ἐξἀνθρώπων γίγνεσθαι]] = [[depart this life]], <span class="bibl">Paus.4.26.5</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Philostr.<span class="title">VA</span>8.31</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">b</span> joined with a Sup. to increase its force, δεινότατον τῶν ἐν ἀνθρώποις ἁπάντων <span class="bibl">D.53.2</span>; [[ὁ ἄριστος ἐν ἀνθρώποις ὄρτυξ]] = [[the best quail in the world]], <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Ly.</span>211e</span>; freq. without a Prep., [[μάλιστα ἀνθρώπων]] = [[most of all]], [[ἥκιστα ἀνθρώπων]] = [[least of all]], <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.60</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>629a</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Prt.</span>361e</span>; [[ἄριστά γ' ἀ.]], [[ὀρθότατα ἀ]]., <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Tht.</span>148b</span>, <span class="bibl">195b</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">c</span> [[τὰ ἐξ ἀνθρώπων πράγματα]] = '[[all the trouble in the world]]', ib.<span class="bibl">170e</span>; γραφὰς τὰς ἐξ ἀνθρώπων ἐγράφετο <span class="bibl">Lys.13.73</span>; αἱ ἐξ ἀνθρώπων πληγαί <span class="bibl">Aeschin.1.59</span>; πάντα τὰ ἐξ ἀνθρώπων κακὰ ἔλεγε <span class="bibl">D.C.57.23</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">4</span> joined with another Subst., like [[ἀνήρ]], ἄ. ὁδίτης <span class="bibl">Il.16.263</span>; πολίτας ἀ. <span class="bibl">D.22.54</span>; with names of nations, πόλις Μερόπων ἀνθρώπων <span class="bibl"><span class="title">h.Ap.</span>42</span>; in Att. freq. in a contemptuous sense, ἄνθρωπος [[ὑπογραμματεύς]], ἄνθρωπος [[γόης]], ἄνθρωπος [[συκοφάντης]], <span class="bibl">Lys.30.28</span>, <span class="bibl">Aeschin.2.153</span>,183; ἄ. ἀλαζών <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Mem.</span>1.7.2</span>; ἄ. ὑφάντης <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phd.</span>87b</span>; Μενίππου, Καρός τινος ἀνθρώπου <span class="bibl">D.21.175</span>; ἄ. βασιλεύς <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ev.Matt.</span>22.2</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">5</span> [[ἅνθρωπος]] or [[ὁ ἄνθρωπος]] alone, [[the man]], [[the fellow]], <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Prt.</span>314e</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Phd.</span>117e</span>; ὡς ἀστεῖος ὁ ἄνθρωπος, with slight irony, ib.<span class="bibl">116d</span>, al.; with a sense of pity, <span class="bibl">D.21.91</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">6</span> in the voc. freq. in a contemptuous sense, as when addressed to slaves, etc., [[ἄνθρωπε]] or [[ὤνθρωπε]] = [[sirrah]]! [[you sir]]! <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.63</span>,<span class="bibl">8.125</span>, and freq. in Pl., but in Trag. only <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>791</span>,<span class="bibl">1154</span>; simply, [[brother]], POxy.215.1, <span class="bibl">Diog.Oen. 2</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">7</span> [[slave]], ἂν ἄ. ᾖ <span class="bibl">Philem.22</span>; ἄ. ἐμός Gal.14.649; ὁ ἄνθρωπος τῆς [[ἁμαρτία]]ς or [[ἀνομία]]ς <span class="bibl"><span class="title">2 Ep.Thess.</span>2.3</span>; ἄ. τοῦ Θεοῦ 1 Ep.Tim. <span class="bibl">6.11</span>; but [[τιθέναι τινὰ ἐν ἀνθρώποις]] = [[make a man of, of a freed slave]], <span class="bibl">Herod.5.15</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">8</span> [[ἄνθρωπος ἄνθρωπος]] = [[any one]], Hebraism in <span class="bibl">LXX <span class="title">Le.</span>17.3</span> (cf. [[ἀνήρ]] VI.<span class="bibl">8</span>); [[ἄνθρωπος]] like Germ. [[man]] '[[one]]', <span class="bibl"><span class="title">1 Ep.Cor.</span>4.1</span>,al. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">9</span> Medic., name of a [[plaster]], ἡ διὰ σάνδυκος ἄ. καλουμένη <span class="bibl">Aët.15.43</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> as fem., [[woman]], <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>4.98</span>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.60</span>, <span class="bibl">Isoc.18.52</span>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">EN</span>1148b20</span>; contemptuously, of female slaves, <span class="bibl">Antipho1.17</span>, <span class="bibl">Is.6.20</span>, etc.; with a sense of [[pity]], <span class="bibl">D.19.197</span>.—Prop. opp. [[θηρίον]], cf. [[ἀνήρ]]; but opp. [[γυνή]], <span class="bibl">Aeschin.3.137</span>; ἀπὺ ἀνθρώπου ἕως γυναικός <span class="bibl">LXX <span class="title">1 Es.</span>9.40</span>, etc.</span>