χρεών: Difference between revisions

|Definition=Ion. χρεόν (the form best attested in <span class="bibl">Parm.8.45</span> and Hdt.); also χρειών, <span class="bibl">Democr.55</span>, τό: gen. <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> τοῦ χρεών <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hipp.</span>1256</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">HF</span>21</span>, but little used save in nom. and acc.:—[[that which must be]], κατὰ τὸ χ. <span class="bibl">Anaximand.1</span> (Diels <span class="title">Vorsokr.</span>5); τὴν μοῖραν εἰς τὸ μὴ χ. παραστρέφων <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Fr.</span>491.3</span>; χ. τοῦ χρησμοῦ <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Nic.</span>14</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> [[necessity]], [[fate]], ἥ τε ἡλικία καὶ τὸ χ. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phdr.</span>255a</span>; μοίρας τοῦ χρεών τ' ἀπαλλαγή <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hipp.</span>1256</span>; εἰς τὸ χ. ἰέναι <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Ax.</span>364c</span>; <b class="b3">ἀπελθεῖν εἰς τὸ χ., εἰς τὸ χ. ἀπαλλάσσεσθαι</b>, <span class="bibl">Str.1.3.21</span>, <span class="bibl">J.<span class="title">AJ</span>7.15.1</span>; <b class="b3">οἱ τὴν εἰς τὸ χ. πορευόμενοι</b> (cj. for [[ποιούμενοι]]), v. l. <b class="b3">τῶν εἰς τὸ χ. ὁδευόντων</b>, Plu.2.113c; τό τοι χρεὼν οὐκ ἔστι μὴ χρεὼν ποιεῖν <span class="title">Trag.Adesp.</span>368; ὅ τι γὰρ μὴ χ. οὔτοι χ. παθεῖν <span class="bibl">E. <span class="title">Ba.</span>515</span>; [Ἀλέξανδρον] τὸ χ. ἐν Βαβυλῶνι κατέλαβε <span class="bibl">Jul.<span class="title">Or.</span>3.107c</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> mostly in the phrase [[χρεών]] (sc. [[ἐστι]]), like [[χρή]], it is [[necessary]], c. inf., <span class="bibl">Thgn.564</span>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>922</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>633</span>, Democr. l. c., etc.: c. acc. et inf., <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>2.52</span>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.41</span>,<span class="bibl">57</span>, <span class="bibl">2.133</span>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>772</span>,<span class="bibl">970</span>, al., <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span>1439</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar. <span class="title">Eq.</span>138</span>, <span class="bibl">Th.5.49</span>; τὸ χ. γενέσθαι <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.17</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> sts. as a neut. part. (like [[ἐξόν]], etc.), [[it being necessary]], [[since it was necessary]], <span class="bibl">Id.5.50</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">III</span> less freq., [[that which is expedient]] or [[right]], ὅρκον δ' οὔτ' ἄδικον χ. ἔμμεναι οὔτε δίκαιον <span class="bibl">Choeril.7</span>; ἔννεπε τί σοι χρεὼν ὑπουργεῖν <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span>143</span> (lyr.); μητέρ' εἰ χ. ταύτην προσαυδᾶν <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">El.</span>273</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">983</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Nu.</span>1446</span>(lyr.), etc.; with the Art., ἔκανες ὃν οὐ χρῆν, καὶ τὸ μὴ χ. πάθε A.<b class="b2">Ch.</b>.930: abs. in part., <b class="b3">ὑμεῖς ἂν οὐ χ. ἄρχοιτε</b> ye would rule un[[rightfully]], <span class="bibl">Th.3.40</span>.—In Trag. [[χρεών]]( = [[χρή]]) appears without [[ἐστί]] or <b class="b3">ἦν;</b> in Ar. and Prose the verb is more commonly added, but not in Ar.<span class="title">Nu.</span> l. c., <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Sph.</span>220d</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Criti.</span>107b</span>, al. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">IV</span> as Adj., τῷ χ. πόσει <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Fr.</span>501</span>. (Not in Hom. or Hes., <span class="bibl">Od.15.201</span> being f. l. for [[χρεώ]].) [In Poets [[χρεών]] is sts. monosyll., as in Choeril. l. c., <span class="bibl">Parm.4.5</span>, al.; outside of hexameters prob. always disyll., since [[χρή]] can be restored in <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">IT</span>1486</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Fr.</span>733.3</span>.] (From [[χρεώ]], with addition of ν from the synonym <b class="b3">δέον;</b> when used as part. abs., as in <span class="bibl">Sol.<span class="title">Fr.</span>34.6</span>, <span class="bibl">Th.3.40</span>, from <b class="b3">χρεὼ ὄν</b>.) </span>