ἀσφαλής: Difference between revisions

|Definition=ές, ([[σφάλλομαι]], [[σφαλῆναι]]) <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> [[not liable to fall]], [[immovable]], [[steadfast]], in Hom. only once as Adj. (cf. infr. III), θεῶν ἕδος ἀ. αἰεί <span class="bibl">Od.6.42</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Th.</span>128</span>, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">N.</span>6.3</span>, <span class="bibl">Theoc.2.34</span>, etc.; ἀσφαλῆ θεῶν νόμιμα <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span>454</span>; [[unshaken]], of purpose, ἀ. ὁ νοῦς <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Fr.</span>351</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> of friends and the like, [[unfailing]], [[trusty]], οὐ γὰρ οἱ . . εὐρύνωτοι φῶτες ἀσφαλέστατοι <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Aj.</span>1251</span>; ἀ. στρατηλάτης <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ph.</span>599</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Th.1.69</span>: c. inf., <b class="b3">φρονεῖν γὰρ οἱ ταχεῖς οὐκ ἀσφαλεῖς</b> the hasty in counsel are not [[safe]], <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>617</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Sph.</span>231a</span>; σῴζειν τὰ κοινὰ πράγματ' ἀσφαλέσταται <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">IT</span>1062</span>; of things, [[sure]], [[certain]], <span class="bibl">Th.4.108</span>,etc. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> [[assured from danger]], [[safe]], ἀ. αἰών <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>3.86</span>; ἀσφαλεῖ σὺν ἐξόδῳ <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>1288</span>; ἀ. ὄρος <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Lac.</span>12.1</span>; ὁδός ἀσφαλεστέρα <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">HG</span>5.4.51</span>; [[ἐν τῷ ἀσφαλεῖ]] = [[in safety]], <span class="bibl">Th.1.137</span>, <span class="bibl">8.39</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>892e</span>; ἐν ἀσφαλεῖ τοῦ μὴ παθεῖν <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>3.3.31</span>; τοῦ λαλεῖν <span class="bibl">Men.<span class="title">Sam.</span>25</span>; <b class="b3">ἐν ἀσφαλεστέρῳ, ἐν ἀσφαλεστάτῳ</b>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>7.1.21</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">An.</span>1.8.22</span>; ἐν ἀ. βίου <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hipp.</span>785</span>; μένειν ἐν τῷ ἀ. <span class="bibl">X. <span class="title">An.</span>4.7.8</span>; [[ἐξ ἀσφαλοῦς]] = [[from a place of safety]], <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Eq.Mag.</span>4.16</span>; τοῦ ἀσφαλέος εἵνεκα <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.109</span>; <b class="b3">τὸ ἀ</b>., = [[ἀσφάλεια]], <span class="bibl">Th.6.55</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">μετὰ τοῦ αὑτῆς ἀ</b>. with [[no risk to]] herself, <span class="bibl">Plot.4.8.7</span>; <b class="b3">ἀσφαλές [ἐστι]</b>, c. inf., [[it is safe]] to... <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.75</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ph.</span>891</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Av.</span>1489</span>: abs., ἀλλ' οὐκ ἀσφαλές <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phlb.</span>61d</span>, etc.; φεύγειν αὐτοῖς ἀσφαλέστερόν ἐστιν ἢ ἡμῖν <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>3.2.19</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">4</span> <b class="b3">ἀ. ῥήτωρ</b> a [[convincing]] speaker, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Mem.</span>4.6.15</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">5</span> in Lit. Crit., [[sound]], [[not risky]], of language or rhythm, <span class="bibl">Demetr.<span class="title">Eloc.</span>19</span>,<span class="bibl">41</span>. Adv. [[ἀσφαλῶς]], ἐρεῖ ib.<span class="bibl">78</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> Subst. <b class="b3">ἀσφαλές, τό,</b> = [[ἀσφάλεια]] <span class="bibl">6</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">BGU</span>984.14</span> (iv A. D.), etc. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">III</span> Ep. Adv. [[ἀσφαλέως]], [[ἔχειν]], [[μένειν]], to be, remain [[firm]], [[steady]], <span class="bibl">Il.23.325</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.17.235</span>: neut. [[ἀσφαλές]] as Adv., Il. (v. infr.); δρακεῖσ' ἀσφαλές <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>2.20</span>; ἀ. ἀγορεύει [[without faltering]], <span class="bibl">Od.8.171</span>, <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Th.</span>86</span>; ἔμπεδον ἀσφαλέως <span class="bibl">Il.13.141</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.13.86</span>; ἔμπεδον ἀσφαλὲς αἰεί <span class="bibl">Il.15.683</span>. Adv. [[ἀσφαλῶς]] ([[ἀσφαλέως]]) is used in all senses of the Adj., ἀσφαλέως βεβηκὼς ποσσί <span class="bibl">Archil.58.4</span>; [[in safety]], [[with certainty]], <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>613</span>; ἀ. βουλεύειν <span class="bibl">And.3.34</span>; ἀ. ἔχει <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.86</span>: c. inf., <span class="bibl">Lys.27.6</span>; ἀ. προσθεῖναι [[as a precaution]], <span class="bibl">Alex.Aphr. <span class="title">in Mete.</span>14.10</span>: Comp. ἀσφαλέστερον <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.161</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phd.</span>85d</span>; but ἀσφαλεστέρως <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Prorrh.</span>2.15</span>, <span class="bibl">Th.4.71</span>: Sup. ἀσφαλέστατα <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Prorrh.</span> 2.23</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>467e</span>.</span>

|dgtxt=(ἀσφᾰλής) -ές<br /><b class="num">I</b> de cosas y abstr.<br /><b class="num">1</b> en sent. físico [[firme]], [[inconmovible]] θεῶν [[ἕδος]] <i>Od</i>.6.42, cf. Hes.<i>Th</i>.117, 128, Pi.<i>N</i>.6.3, Plu.<i>Per</i>.39, ἀνδρῶν ... ἕρκος ... ἀσφαλές A.<i>Pers</i>.349, χρὴ τοῦ ὀστέου ἐνέδρην τῷ μοχλῷ ἀσφαλέα ποιήσασθαι hay que cortar el hueso y hacer en él un punto seguro para la palanca</i> Hp.<i>Fract</i>.31, [[βάθρον]] πολίων ἀσφαλές de Corinto, Pi.<i>O</i>.13.6, πύργος ἀ. E.<i>Med</i>.390, [[βάσις]] Pl.<i>Ti</i>.55e, LXX <i>Sap</i>.4.3, ὄχημα X.<i>An</i>.3.2.19, ἀδάμαντα καὶ εἴ τί περ ἀσφαλὲς ἄλλο Theoc.2.34, ἀσφαλὲς οὖδας tierra firme</i> Call.<i>Del</i>.306, ἀσφαλέεσι ... μετὰ ποσσὶν ὁδεύει Nic.<i>Al</i>.73, θεμέλιον 1<i>Ep.Clem</i>.33.3, [[ἄγκυρα]] <i>Ep.Hebr</i>.6.19, ὡς ἀσφαλεῖς ἐτίθει πηγὰς τῆς ὑπ' οὐρανόν LXX <i>Pr</i>.8.28<br /><b class="num">•</b>neutr. como adv. [[sin fallar]] ἔμπεδον ἀσφαλὲς αἰεὶ θρῴσκων <i>Il</i>.15.683, cf. A.<i>Supp</i>.91<br /><b class="num">•</b>fig. del destino [[seguro]], [[sin tropiezos]] μοῖρα A.<i>A</i>.1588, αἶσα B.13.66<br /><b class="num">•</b>de vínculos [[firme]], [[seguro]] ἀσφαλὲς ὔμμιν ζεῦγμα Antag.3.4, δεσμὸς ... τῆς νεότητος ἀσφαλέστατος Plu.2.13f<br /><b class="num">•</b>de propósitos, convencimientos, decisiones, etc. [[firme]], [[inflexible]] βουλεύματα A.<i>A</i>.1347, νοῦς S.<i>Fr</i>.351, πεῖσμα Pl.<i>Lg</i>.893b, de leyes ἄγραπτα κἀσφαλῆ θεῶν νόμιμα S.<i>Ant</i>.454<br /><b class="num">•</b>de un precio [[fijo]], <i>PIFAO</i> 2.34.8 (II d.C.)<br /><b class="num">•</b>del lenguaje [[firme]], [[sin vacilación]] κατάλεξις Demetr.<i>Eloc</i>.19, del ritmo, Demetr.<i>Eloc</i>.41.<br /><b class="num">2</b> [[seguro]], [[no sometido a riesgos]] de adquisiciones, posesiones, etc. κτήματα Democr.B 77, cf. 3, εἶναι ... ἐπιστήμην κατάληψιν ἀσφαλῆ Chrysipp.<i>Stoic</i>.3.26, ἕξις Isoc.8.90, βέβαιον μηδὲν νομίζειν μηδὲ ἀσφαλὲς εἶναι ὅ τι ἂν παρ' αὐτῆς (Τύχης) τις λάβῃ Ceb.31, τἄμ' ἐγίγνετ' ἀσφαλῆ E.<i>Heracl</i>.1004, de caminos o vías de escape δρόμοι S.<i>El</i>.741, ἔξοδος S.<i>OC</i> 1288, [[ἔκδυσις]] Hdt.3.146, κέλευθος E.<i>Heracl</i>.1048, ὁδός LXX <i>To</i>.5.17S, τρίβος LXX <i>Sap</i>.14.3, de lugares πόλις E.<i>Rh</i>.475, τὸ ... Χαλκιδικὸν τῇ Ἰάδι ξυγγενείᾳ ἀσφαλές el elemento calcídico está a salvo gracias al parentesco jonio</i> Th.4.61, διὰ οἰκεομένης τε ἡ ὁδὸς ἅπασα καὶ ἀσφαλέος todo el camino es por territorio habitado y seguro</i> Hdt.5.52, τῶν ἰδιωτῶν [[βίος]] ἀ. D.10.70, de naves o viajes ποῖα τῶν πλοίων ἀσφαλέστερα ...; Hierocl.<i>Facet</i>.206, σκόπει ... ὅπως ἀσφαλεστέραν ... ποιήσαιο τὴν ἐπάνοδον E.<i>Ep</i>.2.12, ξενία ἀ. estancia libre de riesgos</i>, <i>POxy</i>.2721.28 (III d.C.)<br /><b class="num">•</b>neutr. como adv. παρθένος ... δρακεῖσ' ἀσφαλές doncella que mira a salvo de todo riesgo</i> Pi.<i>P</i>.2.20, ἵνα ... ἀσφαλέστερον ἄρχοι para reinar con mayor seguridad</i> Hdt.2.161, διαπορευθῆναι Pl.<i>Phd</i>.85d, ἀσφαλέστερον ποιήσατε actuad con mayor prudencia</i> Th.5.85, cf. A.<i>Supp</i>.147, Ar.<i>Au</i>.1489, <i>PSarap</i>.97.16 (II d.C.)<br /><b class="num">•</b>en or. nominal c. suj. inf. οὐ ἀσφαλὲς λέγειν τὰ λεγόμενα Hdt.3.75, [[εἰπεῖν]] ... οὔτ' ἐμοὶ τόδ' ἀσφαλές E.<i>Ph</i>.891, cf. D.8.64, 65, οὐ ... ἀσφαλὲς ξενοκρατεῖσθαι Aen.Tact.12.4<br /><b class="num">•</b>medic. ἀ. ... θεράπεια tratamiento carente de riesgos</i> Mnesith.Ath.48.5<br /><b class="num">•</b>de pacientes [[fuera de peligro]] Hp.<i>Acut.(Sp.)</i> 31, <i>Coac</i>.251<br /><b class="num">•</b>neutr. como adv. ἀσφαλὲς διαχειρίζειν practicar una operación fuera de todo riesgo</i> Hp.<i>Prog</i>.23, cf. <i>Prorrh</i>.2.6<br /><b class="num">•</b>en giros prep. ἐν τῷ ἀσφαλεῖ a salvo de peligros</i> Th.1.137, 8.39, Pl.<i>Lg</i>.892e, Aen.Tact.16.12, I.<i>BI</i> 7.27, D.C.40.2.2, 52.19.3, ἐν ἀσφαλεστέρῳ ἔσεσθε ἔξω X.<i>Cyr</i>.7.1.21, ἐν ἀσφαλεστάτῳ X.<i>An</i>.1.8.22, ἐν ἀσφαλεῖ ποιῆσαι poner bajo custodia a un prisionero</i>, <i>PMasp</i>.92.14 (VI d.C.)<br /><b class="num">•</b>ἐν ἀσφαλεῖ c. gen. τὸ πολλὰ πράσσειν οὐκ ἐν ἀσφαλεῖ βίου el excesivo celo no resulta seguro para la vida</i> E.<i>Hipp</i>.785, ἐν ἀσφαλεῖ ... τοῦ μηδὲν παθεῖν a salvo de sufrir</i> X.<i>Cyr</i>.3.3.31, ἐν ἀσφαλεῖ ... τοῦ λαλεῖν Men.<i>Sam</i>.240, ἐξ ἀσφαλοῦς desde lugar seguro</i> X.<i>Eq.Mag</i>.4.16, ἐς ἀσφαλές para seguridad</i> Thphr.<i>CP</i> 4.11.10<br /><b class="num">•</b>subst. τὸ ἀ. [[seguridad]] op. al peligro τοῦ ἀσφαλοῦς ἀντιλαμβάνειν ponerse a salvo</i> Th.3.22, τὸ τῶν πνευμάτων ἀσφαλές D.4.32, ἕως ... τὸ πλῆθος ... τἀσφαλοῦς ἁψάμενον τύχοι I.<i>AI</i> 5.19, gener. ὅπως αὐτὸς ἐν τῷ ἀσφαλεῖ καταστῇ εἶναι D.Chr.1.25, μετὰ τοῦ αὐτῆς ἀσφαλοῦς sin riesgo para ella</i> Plot.4.8.7, τὸ ἀσφαλὲς καὶ ἀ[μέ] ριμνόν σοι ὑπ' ἐμοῦ ὑπαρχθῆναι <i>PCair.Isidor</i>.94.15 (IV d.C.), τὸ ἀσφαλὲς τοῦ πράγματος περὶ οὗ κατέπλευσα <i>PSarap</i>.80.3 (II d.C.), λαβεῖν τὸ ἀσφαλὲς αὐτῶν vigilarlos</i>, <i>POxy</i>.158.3 (VI/VII d.C.).<br /><b class="num">3</b> de palabras, opiniones, etc. [[cierto]], [[seguro]] [[δόκησις]] E.<i>Hel</i>.121, τεκμήριον E.<i>Rh</i>.94, λέγειν ἵν' ἀσφαλές E.<i>Fr</i>.413.2, πρόνοια Th.4.108, τήρησις Th.7.86, ἀσφαλές τι γράψαι <i>Act.Ap</i>.25.26, βέβαιον ... καὶ ἀσφαλές de una suposición, S.E.<i>M</i>.8.374, γνῶσις 1<i>Ep.Clem</i>.1.2, Aristid.Quint.4.24, ἐπὶ Κύριον ἀ. de la sabiduría como un (camino) seguro hacia el Señor</i> LXX <i>Pr</i>.3.18<br /><b class="num">•</b>neutr. compar. como adv. ἵνα τὴν ... ἀξίωσιν ἀσφαλέστερον προειδῆτε para que veáis más claramente la petición</i> Th.1.37<br /><b class="num">•</b>subst. τὸ ἀ. [[la verdad]] γνῶναι τὸ ἀ. <i>Act.Ap</i>.21.34, ἐπίγνωθι ... τὸ ἀσφαλὲς τί Πολεῖς διδοῖ τοῖς [[αὑτοῦ]] entérate de qué les paga de verdad Polis a sus obreros</i>, <i>PSarap</i>.81.6 (II d.C.).<br /><b class="num">4</b> subst. τὸ ἀ. [[documento de garantía]], [[recibo]], <i>BGU</i> 984.14 (IV d.C.), ἱκανὸν ἀσφαλὲς [[αὐτοῦ]] λα[μβάν] ειν <i>PWisc</i>.33.8, 22 (II d.C.).<br /><b class="num">II</b> de pers.<br /><b class="num">1</b> en sent. físico [[sólido]] οὐ ... οἱ πλατεῖς οὐδ' εὐρύνωτοι φῶτες ἀσφαλέστατοι no son los más sólidos los hombres grandes y de anchas espaldas</i> S.<i>Ai</i>.1251 (pero implicando tb. el sent. II 2)<br /><b class="num">•</b>como epít. de Posidón [[que evita el terremoto]] pero c. igual implicación <i>IG</i> 4².555 (Epidauro); cf. [[ἀσφάλειος]].<br /><b class="num">2</b> [[digno de confianza]], [[seguro]], [[que no falla]] μὴ ὕποπτος πρὸς ἅπαντας, ἀλλ' ... [[ἀσφαλής]] Democr.B 91, νέους ... οὐδὲν γυναικῶν ὄντας ἀσφαλεστέρους E.<i>Hipp</i>.968, φίλοι E.<i>Fr</i>.736, ἀ. ῥήτωρ orador convincente</i> de Odiseo, X.<i>Mem</i>.4.6.15, καρδίαι ... ἀφρόνων οὐκ ἀσφαλεῖς LXX <i>Pr</i>.15.7, [[ἄνθρωπος]] ref. a un trabajador <i>PAlex.Giss</i>.38.7 (II d.C.), de un mensajero <i>POxy</i>.2726.23 (II d.C.), c. inf. φρονεῖν ... οἱ ταχεῖς οὐκ ἀσφαλεῖς S.<i>OT</i> 617, γυναῖκες ἔσμεν ... σῴζειν τὰ κοινὰ πράγματα ἀσφαλέσταται somos mujeres, las más dignas de confianza cuando se trata de salvar asuntos comunes</i> E.<i>IT</i> 1062.<br /><b class="num">III</b> adv. -ῶς jón. -έως<br /><b class="num">1</b> [[fija]], [[firmemente]] μένον <i>Il</i>.17.436, cf. <i>Od</i>.17.235, ἔχει <i>Il</i>.23.325, ἀ. βεβηκῶς ποσσί caminando bien firme sobre sus pies</i> Archil.166, πόρπασον ἀ. clava firmemente</i> A.<i>Pr</i>.61, ἵνα βαδίσῃ Ισραηλ ἀ. τῇ τοῦ Θεοῦ δόξῃ para que Israel camine sobre firme en la gloria de Dios</i> LXX <i>Ba</i>.5.7<br /><b class="num">•</b>[[sin vacilar]] ἀ. θέει <i>Il</i>.13.141, ἀ. ἀγορεύει <i>Od</i>.8.171, cf. Hes.<i>Th</i>.86, ἐνδόκοισιν ἐχθρῶν πλησίον κατασταθεὶς ἀ. deteniéndose sin vacilar junto a las emboscadas de los enemigos</i> Archil.211.4.<br /><b class="num">2</b> [[en seguro]], [[fuera de riesgos]] ἐκπλεῦσαι Th.6.24, ἡμῶν ... ἀ. προνοουμένων Th.1.84, βουλεύσασθαι And.3.34, ἀληθεύειν Numen.23.13, ἔχειν ἀ. D.3.2, <i>ICr</i>.3.4.2.12 (III a.C.), ἀ. ἅπασαν τὴν Ἀσίαν καρπωσόμεθα explotaremos sin riesgos toda Asia</i> Isoc.4.166, εἰσῆλθον εἰς τὴν πόλιν ἀ. LXX <i>Ge</i>.34.25<br /><b class="num">•</b>[[con cautela]], [[prudentemente]] ἀ. θέσθαι Th.4.18, Plb.9.9.11.<br /><b class="num">3</b> [[de manera segura, cierta]] ἐν χρόνῳ γνώσῃ τάδ' ἀ. S.<i>OT</i> 613, δηλῶσαι Aen.Tact.31.28, γράψασθαι ref. a Platón, Numen.24.62, μαθῆσαι <i>SB</i> 9832.16 (II d.C.), κρίνειν Gal.9.709, tb. compar. ἀσφαλεστέρως ... προλέγειν predecir con mayor acierto</i> Hp.<i>Prorrh</i>.2.15.