λαμβάνω: Difference between revisions

|mdlsjtxt=[from Root !λαβ]<br />The orig. [[sense]] of the [[word]] is two-[[fold]], one ([[more]] [[active]]) to [[take]], and the [[other]] ([[more]] [[passive]]) to [[receive]]<br /><b class="num">I.</b> to [[take]]:<br /><b class="num">1.</b> to [[take]] [[hold]] of, [[grasp]], [[seize]], Hom., etc.; the [[part]] seized in gen., the [[whole]] in acc., τὴν πτέρυγος λάβεν caught her by the [[wing]], Il.; [[γούνων]] [[λάβε]] κούρην Od., etc.:—then, with gen. of [[part]] only, ποδῶν, [[γούνων]], [[κόρυθος]] λάβεν took [[hold]] of the feet, etc., Il.<br /><b class="num">2.</b> to [[take]] by [[violence]], [[seize]], [[carry]] off as [[prize]] or [[booty]], Hom.<br /><b class="num">3.</b> λ. [[δίκην]], ποινάς, Lat. sumere poenas, to [[exact]] [[punishment]], Eur., etc.; v. infr. II. 3.<br /><b class="num">4.</b> of passions, feelings, etc., to [[seize]], Hom., etc.; of [[fever]] and [[sudden]] illnesses, to [[attack]], Hdt., [[attic]]<br /><b class="num">5.</b> of a [[deity]], to [[seize]], [[possess]], τινά Hdt.: of [[darkness]], and the like, to [[occupy]], [[possess]], Aesch.<br /><b class="num">6.</b> to [[catch]], [[come]] [[upon]], [[overtake]], as an [[enemy]], Hom., Hdt.: to [[catch]], [[find]], [[come]] [[upon]], λ. τινὰ μοῦνον Hdt., etc.: also, to [[catch]], [[find]] out, [[detect]], Lat. [[deprehendo]], Hdt.: so Pass., ἐπ' αὐτοφώρωι εἰλημμένος caught in the act, Ar.<br /><b class="num">7.</b> λ. τινὰ ὁρκίοισι to [[bind]] him by oaths, Hdt.<br /><b class="num">8.</b> to [[take]] as an [[assistant]], Soph.<br /><b class="num">9.</b> τὴν Ἴδην λαβὼν ἐς ἀριστερὴν χέρα [[taking]], [[keeping]] Ida to [[your]] [[left]]; so, λ. ἐν δεξιᾶι Thuc.<br />λ. Ἑλληνίδα ἐσθῆτα to [[assume]] it, Hdt.<br />11. to [[apprehend]] by the senses, Soph., Plat.:— to [[seize]] with the [[mind]], [[apprehend]], [[comprehend]], Hdt., etc.:— to [[take]], i. e. [[understand]], a [[thing]] so and so, e. g. a [[passage]] of an [[author]], Lat. accipere, Hdt., Thuc., etc.<br />12. to [[take]] in [[hand]], [[undertake]], Hdt.<br />13. the [[part]]. [[λαβών]] is almost pleon., as, λαβὼν κύσε χεῖρα took and kissed, Od.; so in [[attic]]<br /><b class="num">II.</b> to [[receive]]:<br /><b class="num">1.</b> to [[have]] given one, to get, [[gain]], win, Hom., etc.:—also in bad [[sense]], λ. [[ὄνειδος]] Soph.; θάνατον Eur., etc.<br /><b class="num">2.</b> to [[receive]] in [[marriage]], Hdt., Xen.<br /><b class="num">3.</b> λ. [[δίκην]] to [[receive]], i. e. [[suffer]], [[punishment]], as we say, to [[catch]] it, Lat. [[dare]] poenas, Hdt., Eur.: —an [[unusual]] [[sense]], v. supr. I. 2.<br /><b class="num">4.</b> λ. ὅρκον to [[accept]] an [[oath]] as a [[test]], Arist.; λ. λόγον to [[demand]] an [[account]], Xen.<br /><b class="num">5.</b> to [[conceive]], Aesch.<br /><b class="num">6.</b> to [[receive]] as [[produce]] or [[profit]], Ar., Plat.; to [[purchase]] Ar.<br /><b class="num">7.</b> to [[admit]] of, Pind.<br /><b class="num">8.</b> of persons [[subject]] to feelings, passions, and the like, λ. θυμόν to [[take]] [[heart]], Od.; so, periphr., λ. φόβον = φοβεῖσθαι, Soph., etc.; so, λ. [[ὕψος]] = ὑψοῦσθαι, Thuc.; λ. νόσον (as we say) "to [[take]] a [[cold]], " Plat.; so, αἱ οἰκίαι ἐπάλξεις λαμβάνουσαι receiving [[battlements]], having [[battlements]] added, Thuc.<br />B. Mid. to [[take]] [[hold]] of, lay [[hold]] on, c. gen., σχεδίης Od., Hdt., etc.<br /><b class="num">2.</b> of [[place]], λ. τῶν [[ὀρῶν]] to [[take]] to the mountains, [[reach]], [[gain]] them, Thuc.