ὄρχος: Difference between revisions

|etymtx=Grammatical information: m.<br />Meaning: [[row of vines or fruit trees]] (η 127, ω 341, Hes. Sc. 296, B., Ar., X., Thphr.);<br />Other forms: [[ὀρχός]] m. <b class="b2">border of the eyelid, ταρσός</b> (Poll. 2, 69); <b class="b3">ὀρχάς περίβολος</b>, [[αἱμασιά]] H., <b class="b3">ὀρχάδος στέγης</b> (S. Fr. 812); [[ὀρχηδόν]] (Hdt. 7, 144), after H., = [[ἡβηδόν]], usu. explained as [[in a row]], [[general]].<br />Derivatives: Besides [[ὄρχατος]] m. [[ordened plantation]], [[garden]] (η 112, ω 222, AP), pl. <b class="b2">rows of garden plants, fruit trees, vines</b> (Ξ 123, E. Fr. 896, 2, Moschio Trag. 6, 12), metaph. [[ὀδόντων]], <b class="b3">κιόνων ὄρχατος</b> (AP, Ach. Tat.). With <b class="b3">μ-</b>suffix: <b class="b3">ὀρχμαί φραγμοί</b>, [[καλαμῶνες]], [[φάραγγες]], [[σπῆλυγξ]] H.; <b class="b3">ὀρχμούς λοχμῶδες καὶ ὄρειον χωρίον οὑκ ἐπεργαζόμενον</b> (Lex.); in the same meaning [[ὀρχάμη]] (Poll. 7, 147).<br />Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]<br />Etymology: If the [[ἅπ]]. [[λεγ]]. [[ὀρχηδόν]] is rightly understood as [[following the row]], is for [[ὄρχος]] also the general meaning [[row]] to be accepted; from there, prob. as collective abstract, [[ὄρχατος]] prop. <b class="b2">order of rows (of plants)</b>. Then it seems hardly possible, to bring the above words together under a notion [[fence]], [[enclosure]], which, thought obvious for [[ὄρχατος]] in the sense of [[garden]] and acceptable for the rare [[ὀρχός]], [[ὀρχάς]], hardly fits [[ὄρχος]] (pace Porzig Satzinhalte 310). Thus the connection with IE <b class="b2">*u̯er-ǵh-</b> [[turn]], [[wind together]], [[fence in]] in Lith. <b class="b2">veržiù</b> [[fence in]], [[string]] (diff. s. [[εἴργω]]), Germ., e.g. OWNo. [[virgill]] [[snare]], NHG [[er-würgen]] a.o. (Brugmann IF 15, 84ff., WP. 1, 272f., Pok.1154 f.) is weakened; doubtful as well becomes the comparison with Lith. <b class="b2">sérgmi</b> [[preserve]], [[watch over]] (Fraenkel KZ 72, 193 ff. with Prellwitz). Attractive Mann Lang. 26, 385: to Alb. [[varg]] [[row]], [[wreath]], [[chain]]. -- Commonly accepted is the connection with the town-name [[Όρχομενός]] (older <b class="b3">Ἐρχ-</b>, cf. Schwyzer 255; Illyr. [[Όργομεναί]], Krahe ZNF 7, 25 n. 4 a. 11, 81). S. also [[εἴργω]], [[ἔρχατος]], [[ὄρχαμος]]. - As there is no IE etymon, it seems more probable that the word (note the meanings!; and th name of the town) is Pre-Greek.