αὐδή: Difference between revisions

|Definition=Dor. αὐδά, ἡ, <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> [[human voice]], [[speech]] (but distinguished from [[φωνή]], <span class="title">Stoic.</span> 2.44), μέλιτος γλυκίων ῥέεν αὐ. <span class="bibl">Il.1.249</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> generally, [[sound]] or [[twang]] of the bow-string, καλὸν ἄεισε χελιδόνι εἰκέλη αὐδήν <span class="bibl">Od.21.411</span>; of a trumpet, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Rh.</span>989</span>; of the [[τέττιξ]], <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Sc.</span>396</span>; of the [[sound]] emitted by the statue of Memnon, <span class="title">Epigr.Gr.</span>990.7 (Balbilla). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> [[report]], [[account]], ἔργων ἀΐοντες αὐδήν <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>240</span> (lyr.), cf. <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Supp.</span>600</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Hipp.</span>567</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> [[oracle]], <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">IT</span>976</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> [[song]], [[ode]], <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">N.</span>9.4</span>. (Cf. Skt. [[vadati]] 'speaks', v. [[ἀείδω]].) </span>

|auten=ῆς: [[voice]], [[properly]] the [[human]] [[voice]] [[with]] [[reference]] to its [[pleasing]] [[effects]]; [[τοῦ]] καὶ ἀπὸ γλώσσης μέλιτος [[γλυκίων]] ῥέεν [[αὐδή]], of [[Nestor]] as [[orator]], Il. 1.249 ; θεοῖς [[ἐναλίγκιος]] αὐδήν, [[Phemius]], the [[minstrel]], Od. 1.371; said of a [[bird]], ἣ δ (the [[bowstring]]) ὑπὸ κᾶλὸν ἄεισε, χελῖδόνι εἰκέλη αὐδήν, Od. 21.411.

|dgtxt=-ῆς, ἡ<br /><b class="num">• Alolema(s):</b> eol. αὔδα Sapph.1.6, Balbill.28.7; dór. αὐδά A.<i>Pers</i>.575, 942, <i>A</i>.245, Pi.<i>N</i>.9.4, E.<i>Io</i> 1446, <i>Supp</i>.600<br /><b class="num">I</b> humana o divina<br /><b class="num">1</b> [[voz]] Ταλθύβιος δὲ θεῷ [[ἐναλίγκιος]] αὐδήν <i>Il</i>.19.250, cf. 4.430, 19.418, θεοῦ δέ τιν' ἔκλυον αὐδήν <i>Od</i>.14.89, ἐν δ' ἀνθρώπου θέμεν αὐδήν Hes.<i>Op</i>.61, μέλιτος γλυκίων ῥέεν [[αὐδή]] <i>Il</i>.1.249, cf. Hes.<i>Th</i>.39, 97, τὰς ἐμὰς αὔδας ἀίοισα πήλοι Sapph.1.6, αὐδῇ δ' αὐτίκ' ἔξεστιν μαθεῖν S.<i>OC</i> 323, cf. E.<i>Hipp</i>.567, Theoc.21.21, A.R.3.458<br /><b class="num">•</b>[[canto]] ἐνέπνευσαν δέ μοι αὐδὴν θέσπιν Hes.<i>Th</i>.31, αὐδὰν μανύει (Χρόμιος) Pi.<i>N</i>.l.c., ἔμελψεν ἁγνᾷ ... αὐδᾷ A.<i>A</i>.244<br /><b class="num">•</b>[[lamento]], [[clamor]] τεῖνε τάλαιναν αὐδάν A.<i>Pers</i>.575, ἵετ' αἰανῆ πάνδυρτον ... αὐδάν A.<i>Pers</i>.942, τίν' αὐδὰν ἀύσω, βοάσω; E.<i>Io</i> 1446.<br /><b class="num">2</b> según el significado o la intención [[noticia]] ἔργων ἀκόντων ἀΐοντες αὐδάν S.<i>OC</i> 240, τίν' αὐδὰν τάνδε προσφέρεις νέαν; E.<i>Supp</i>.600<br /><b class="num">•</b>[[oráculo]] αὐδὴν τρίποδος ἐκ χρυσοῦ λακών E.<i>IT</i> 976.<br /><b class="num">II</b> de anim. e inanimados<br /><b class="num">1</b> [[voz]], [[sonido]] de animales (τέττιξ) χέει αὐδήν Hes.<i>Sc</i>.396, del carnero αὐδὴν ἀνδρομένην προέηκε κακὸν τέρας A.R.1.257<br /><b class="num">•</b>[[sonido]], [[rumor]] ταὶ (las Sirenas) δ' ἄκριτον ἵεσαν αὐδήν A.R.4.911.<br /><b class="num">2</b> de inanimados: la cuerda del arco χελιδόνι εἰκέλη αὐδήν <i>Od</i>.21.411, de instrumentos ὑπὸ λιγυρῶν συρίγγων ἵεσαν αὐδήν Hes.<i>Sc</i>.278, σάλπιγγος αὐ. E.<i>Rh</i>.144, 989, χαλκοῦ τ' αὐδὰν χθονίαν τύμπανά τ' ἔλαβε E.<i>Hel</i>.1346, de los Colosos de Memnón ὡς χάλκοιο τυπέντ[ο] ς ἴη Μέμνων ... αὔδαν ὀξύτονον Balbill.l.c., cf. <i>Col.Memn</i>.93.4 (I d.C.), 101.5.<br /><b class="num">• Etimología:</b> v. [[ᾄδω]].

|etymtx=Grammatical information: f.<br />Meaning: <b class="b2">(human) voice, sound, speech</b> (Il.).<br />Other forms: <b class="b3">*οὐδήεσσα</b> is a suggestion of Aristotle for [[αὐδ]]., meant as [[ἐπίγειος]]; Beekes, Die Spr. 18, 1972, 127f.<br />Derivatives: [[αὐδήεις]] <b class="b2">with (human) voice</b> (Il.); denom. verb [[αὐδάω]], aor. [[αὐδῆσαι]] [[talk]], [[speak]], [[speak to]] (Il.). (Chantr.'s opposition of a god(dess) with a human voice, language as opposed to the language of the gods is wrong. It means <b class="b2">having a voice (to speak with)</b>, which may be [[human]] or [[beautiful]] as the context requires; s. Beekes, l.c. 128 n.3.<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [76] <b class="b2">*h₂ued-</b> [[speak]]<br />Etymology: Long since derived from a root <b class="b2">au̯ed-</b>, seen in [[ἀείδω]], and with long grade in <b class="b3">ἀ(Ϝ)ηδ-ών</b>. An o-grade (<b class="b2">*h₂uod-</b>, perhaps with loss of the laryngeal: De Saussure's law) would be found in `<b class="b3">Ησί-(Ϝ)οδος</b> and in [[Ϝοδόν]] (written [[γοδόν]]) [[γόητα]] and [[Ϝοδᾶν]] (written <b class="b3">γ-</b>) [[κλαίειν]] H. (but Chantr. considers the glosses unreliable). The zero grade was seen in [[ὑδέω]]. The problem is that <b class="b2">*h₂u-ed-</b> beside <b class="b2">*h₂u-ei-d</b> is not easy, and that a long vowel in <b class="b2">*h₂u-ed-</b> is also not very probable; there is also discussion whether <b class="b2">*h₂ud-</b> gave <b class="b3">ὑδ-</b> (Beekes) or <b class="b3">αὐδ-</b> (Peters, Lar. 65ff, 72). - Outside Greek <b class="b2">*h₂ued-</b> perhaps in Skt. <b class="b2">vádati</b> [[speak]], with zero grade <b class="b2">ud-</b> in <b class="b2">ud-itá-</b>. (Lith. <b class="b2">vadinù</b> [[call]], [[name]], however, has <b class="b2">*-dʰ-</b>: Winter's law). Long grade e. g. Skt. <b class="b2">vāda-</b> m. [[sound]], [[call]], OCS [[vada]] [[calumnia]], OHG <b class="b2">far-wāʒan</b> [[deny]]. Uncertain Toch. A <b class="b2">wätk-</b>, B <b class="b2">watk-</b> [[order]]. - S. [[ἀηδών]], [[ἀείδω]], [[ὑδέω]], [[οὐδήεσσα]].

|ftr='''αὐδή''': {audḗ}<br />'''Grammar''': f.<br />'''Meaning''': [[menschliche Stimme]], [[Stimme]], [[Laut]], [[Rede]] (poet. seit Il.).<br />'''Derivative''': Ableitungen: [[αὐδήεις]] ‘mit (menschlicher) Stimme begabt’ (poet. seit Il.); denominatives Verb [[αὐδάω]], Aor. αὐδῆσαι [[reden]], [[sprechen]], [[einen anreden]] (vorw. poet. seit Il.) mit der erweiterten Form [[αὐδάζομαι]], -άζω, Aor. [[αὐδάξασθαι]] und αὐδάσασθαι [[ausrufen]] (Hdt., Kall., Lyk. usw.). — Nebenform äol. αὔδω f. (Sapph.), Neubildung nach den Nomina auf -ώ. — Zur Bedeutung und Gebrauch von [[αὐδή]] und Ableitungen s. Fournier Les verbes "dire" 229f.<br />'''Etymology''' : [[αὐδή]] geht als Verbalnomen von einer einsilbigen Tiefstufe der Wurzel ''au̯ed''- aus, deren Dehnstufe in ἀ(ϝ)ηδών vorliegen kann und die auch in [[ἀείδω]] erscheint, wenngleich die nähere Analyse strittig bleibt. Eine andere einsilbige Wurzelvariante bildet das Hinterglied in Ἡσί-(ϝ)οδος und findet sich noch in ϝοδόν (geschr. γοδόν)· γόητα und ϝοδᾶν (geschr. γ-)· κλαίειν H.; s. noch οὐδήεσσα. Dazu die Schwundstufe in [[ὑδέω]] usw. — Dieselbe einsilbige Wurzelform erscheint in aind. ''vádati'' [[sprechen]], [[reden]] mit der Schwundstufe ''ud''-, z. B. im Ptz. ''ud''-''itá''-, und in lit. ''vadinù'' [[rufen]], [[nennen]]; Dehnstufe z. B. aind. ''vāda''- m. [[Laut]], [[Ruf]], aksl. ''vada'' [[calumnia]], ahd. ''far''-''wāʒan'' [[verneinen]]. Sehr fraglich dagegen toch. A ''wätk''-, B ''watk''- [[befehlen]]. — Vgl. s. [[ἀηδών]], [[ἀείδω]], [[ὑδέω]], [[οὐδήεσσα]] m. Lit., außerdem WP. 1, 251f., Pok. 76f. m. Lit.<br />'''Page''' 1,184