δύο: Difference between revisions

|etymtx=Grammatical information: numer.<br />Meaning: [[two]]<br />Other forms: ep. eleg. also [[δύω]], Lac. etc. also <b class="b3">δύ(Ϝ)ε</b> (after <b class="b3">κύν-ε</b> etc.), oblique forms [[δυοῖν]] (Att. [[δυεῖν]] since IV-IIIa), [[δυῶν]], <b class="b3">δυοῖσ(ι</b>), [[δυσί]]; also indeclinable ( Il.); see Schwyzer 588f.<br />Dialectal forms: Myc. [[dwo]], [[duwoupi]] \/[[dwouphi]]\/.<br />Compounds: As first member (beside usual <b class="b3">δι-</b>, s. [[δίς]]) e. g. in <b class="b3">δυο-ποιός</b> [[making two]] (Arist.), and in univerbations like <b class="b3">δυο-καί-δεκα</b> (Il. a. o.);<br />Derivatives: [[δυοστός]] [[half]] (Sch.), after [[εἰκοστός]] etc.<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [228] <b class="b2">*duu̯o</b>, <b class="b2">*duu̯-eh₃</b>(?) [[two]]<br />Etymology: The final short of [[δύο]] also in Arm. [[erko-tasan]] [[twelve]] and in Skt. (Ved.) deriv. <b class="b2">dva-ká-</b> [[in pairs]] (Lat. [[duo]] is due to the Iambenkürzung). <b class="b2">*duu̯o</b> is also found in Goth. [[twa]] and [[wit]] [[we two]] and in OIr. [[da]]. (Cowgill, MSS 46 (1985) 13-28). [[δύο]] from [[δύω]] or <b class="b3">*δύοι</b> (= Skt. <b class="b2">duvé</b>, OCS <b class="b2">dъvě</b> f. n.) before vowel does not convince. Therefore [[δύο]] beside the dual [[δύω]] (= Skt. <b class="b2">duvā́</b>, OCS [[dъva]] m.) must be an old indeclinable. Beside IE <b class="b2">*duu̯ō</b> and <b class="b2">*duu̯ōu</b> (in Skt. <b class="b2">duváu</b>) there was monosyllabic <b class="b2">*du̯ō(u</b>) in <b class="b3">δ(Ϝ)ώ-δεκα</b>, Arm. [[erku]], Skt. <b class="b2">dvā́(u</b>), Hitt. <b class="b2">dā-</b> in <b class="b2">dā-yuga-</b> [[two years old]], [[dān]] [[a second time]]. See Wackernagel-Debrunner Aind. Gramm. 3, 341ff. and Cowgill l.c. who assumes <b class="b2">*dúu̯o</b> beside <b class="b2">*duu̯ó</b> (which was <b class="b2">*duu̯eh₃(u)</b>, rather than <b class="b2">*duu̯oh₁</b> with <b class="b2">o-</b>stem inflection).