Ἀσκληπιός: Difference between revisions

|etymtx=Grammatical information: PN m.<br />Meaning: hero, later god of medicine (Il.)<br />Dialectal forms: Dor. <b class="b3">-απιός</b>; [[Αἰσκλαπιός]] (Epid. a. Troiz.), [[Ἀσχλαπιός]] (Boeot.), [[Αἰσχλαπιός]], [[Ἀσκαλαπιός]] (Thess.), [[Ἀσκαλπιός]] (Gort.), [[Αἰσχλαβιός]] (bronze figure from Bologna with Corinthian letters; s. Kretschmer Glotta 30, 116), <b class="b3">Ἀγλαπιός</b> Lac., [[Αἰγλαπιός]].<br />Derivatives: [[ἀσκληπιάς]] f. name of a plant (Dsc; s. Strömberg Pflanzennamen 99).<br />Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]<br />Etymology: Unexplained. H. Grégoire (with R. Goossens and M. Mathieu) in Asklèpios, Apollon Smintheus et Rudra 1949 (Mém. Acad. Roy. de Belgique. Cl. d. lettres. 2. sér. 45), explains the name as <b class="b2">the mole-hero</b>, connecting [[σκάλοψ]], [[ἀσπάλαξ]] [[mole]] and refers to the resemblance of the Tholos in Epidauros and the building of a mole. (Thus Puhvel, Comp. Mythol.1987, 135.) But the variants of Asklepios and those of the word for [[mole]] do not agree. - The name is typical for Pre-Greek words; apart from minor variations ([[β]] for [[π]], <b class="b3">αλ(α</b>) for [[λα]]) we find [[α]]\/[[αι]] (a well known variation; Fur. 335 - 339) followed by <b class="b3">-γλαπ-</b> or <b class="b3">-σκλαπ-</b>\/<b class="b3">-σχλαπ</b>\/<b class="b3">β-</b>, i.e. a voiced velar (without <b class="b3">-σ-</b>) or a voiceless velar (or an aspirated one: we know that there was no distinction between the three in the substr. language) [[with]] a <b class="b3">-σ-</b>. I think that the <b class="b3">-σ-</b> renders an original affricate, which (prob. as [[δ]]) was lost before the <b class="b3">-γ-</b> (in Greek the group <b class="b3">-σγ-</b> is rare, and certainly before another consonant); this affricate will have been palatal (i.e. [[cy]]), of which the palatal character was (sometimes) expressed with a (preceding, or following) [[ι]], for which see on [[ἐξαίφνης]], [[ἐξαπίνης]] and [[πινυτός]] \/ [[πνυτός]]. S. Beekes Pre-Greek. - Szemerényi's etymology (JHS 94, 1974, 155) from Hitt. <b class="b2">assula(a)-</b> [[well-being]] and <b class="b2">piya-</b> [[give]] cannot be correct, as it does not explain the velar.