ζεύγνυμι: Difference between revisions

|Full diacritics=ζεύγνῡμι

|Definition=<span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> ζεύγνῡσι <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pers.</span>191</span>, (ὑπο-) <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Plt.</span>309a</span>; 2pl. imper. ζεύγνῠτε <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Rh.</span>33</span> (lyr.); inf. <b class="b3">-ύναι</b> (μετα-) <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>6.3.21</span>, Ep. ζευγνῦμεν <span class="bibl">Il.16.145</span>; part. ζευγνύς <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.206</span>, <span class="bibl">4.89</span>; impf. 3pl. ἐζεύγνῠσαν <span class="bibl">Id.7.33</span>, Ep. ζεύγν- <span class="bibl">Il.24.783</span>: also ζευγνύω <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.205</span>, <span class="bibl">Plb.5.52.4</span>, etc.: impf. ἐζεύγνυον <span class="bibl">Hdt.4.89</span> (Ep. <b class="b3">ζεύγν-</b> [[varia lectio|v.l.]] <span class="bibl">Il.19.393</span>): fut. ζεύξω <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">I.</span>1.6</span>, etc.: aor. 1 ἔζευξα <span class="bibl">Od.3.478</span>, etc.: late pf. [[ἔζευχα]] (ἐπ-) <span class="bibl">Philostr.<span class="title">VA</span>2.14</span>:—Med., Ep. impf. 3dual ζευγνύσθην <span class="bibl">Il.24.281</span>, 3pl. ἐζεύγνυντο <span class="bibl">Od.3.492</span>: fut. ζεύξομαι <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hec.</span>469</span>(lyr.), etc.: aor. 1 ἐζευξάμην <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.102</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ion</span>901</span> (lyr.):—Pass., fut. [[ζευχθήσομαι]] (δια-) Gal.9.938: aor.1 ἐζεύχθην <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>3.6</span>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.6</span>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>842</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Plt.</span>302e</span>: more commonly aor. 2 <b class="b3">ἐζύγην [ῠ</b>] <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">N.</span>7.6</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Supp.</span>822</span> (lyr.), (συ-) <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>546c</span>: pf. ἔζευγμαι <span class="bibl">Il.18.276</span>: plpf. ἔζευκτο <span class="bibl">Hdt.4.85</span>.—Usu. in aor. Act. in Hom.: the simple Verb is rare in Att. Prose:—[[yoke]], [[put to]], ὑπ' ὄχεσφιν ἵππους <span class="bibl">Il.23.130</span>; ὑφ' ἅρμασιν ἵππους <span class="bibl">24.14</span>; <b class="b3">ὑπ' ἀμάξῃσιν βόας ἡμιόνους τε</b> ib.<span class="bibl">783</span>; κἄζευξα πρῶτος ἐν ζυγοῖσι κνώδαλα <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>462</span>:—Med. (esp. in Od.), <b class="b3">ἵππους ζεύγνυσθαι</b> <b class="b2">put to one's</b> horses, <span class="bibl">Od.3.492</span>, al.: abs., ζευγνύσθην <span class="bibl">Il.24.281</span>; ζεύξομαι ἆρα πώλους <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hec.</span> 469</span>(lyr.); καμήλους <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.102</span>; of riding horses, [[harness]], [[saddle and bridle]], ζεῦξαι Πάγασον <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>13.64</span>, cf.<span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Pax</span>128</span>, <span class="bibl">135</span>; of chariots, [[put to]], [[get ready]], <b class="b3">ζ. ἅρμα, ὄχους</b>, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>10.65</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Andr.</span>1020</span>(lyr.):—Med., τέθριππα <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Alc.</span>428</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> [[bind fast]], ἀσκοὺς δεσμοῖς <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>3.5.10</span>: —Pass., <b class="b3">φάρη… ἐζευγμέναι πόρπαισιν</b> [[having]] them [[fastened]]…, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">El.</span> 317</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> metaph., <b class="b3">πότμῳ ζυγείς</b> [[in the yoke of]] fate, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">N.</span>7.6</span>; ζυγεὶς ἐν ἅρμασι πημάτων <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ch.</span>795</span>(lyr.); ἀνάγκῃ ζυγείς <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span>1025</span>; [[ζεύχθη]] [[was tamed]], <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ant.</span>955</span> (lyr.); θεσφάτοις… ζυγείς <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Supp.</span>220</span>; <b class="b3">ὁρκίοισι ζ</b>. <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Med.</span>735</span>; μοναρχία ζευχθεῖσα ἐν γράμμασιν ἀγαθοῖς <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Plt.</span>302e</span>: —Med., τόνδ' ἐν ὅρκοις ζεύξομαι <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Supp.</span>1229</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> [[join together]], <b class="b3">σανίδες… μακραὶ ἐΰξεστοι ἐζευγμέναι</b> [[well-joined]], <span class="bibl">Il.18.276</span> (elsewh. in Hom. only in signf. ''1''); <b class="b3">ζεῦξαι ὀδόντας</b>, in setting a fractured jaw, <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Art.</span> 32</span>; <b class="b3">τὼ πόδε ζευγνύντες</b>, of sculptors who made their statues with [[joined]] feet, <span class="bibl">Hld.3.13</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> [[join in wedlock]], <b class="b3">ἐπειδὰν εὐφρόνη ζεύξῃ μία</b> [[yokes]] her [[in wedlock]], <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Fr.</span>583.11</span>; of the parents or authors of the marriage, <b class="b3">τίς ταύτην ἔζευξε</b>; <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">IA</span>698</span>; ζ. τὴν θυγατέρα τινί <span class="bibl">App. <span class="title">BC</span>2.14</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Ath.12.554d</span>:—in Med., of the husband, [[wed]], ἄκοιτιν ζεύξασθαι <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Alc.</span>994</span>(lyr.); παρθένειον ἐζεύξω λέχος <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Tr.</span>676</span> (so in Act., <b class="b3">γάμοις ἔζευξ' Ἀδράστου παῖδα</b> I [[married]] his daughter, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ph.</span> 1366</span>; ὁ Σεμέλην ζεύξας γάμοις <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ba.</span>468</span>):—Pass., to [[be married]], [[ἐζευγμένη]], opp. [[κόρη]], <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Tr.</span>536</span>; <b class="b3">γάμοις ζευχθῆναι</b> or [[ζυγῆναι]], <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">OT</span> 826</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">IA</span>907</span>, etc.; ἐν γάμοις <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">El.</span>99</span>; ἐς ἀνδρὸς εὐνάν <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Supp.</span>822</span> (lyr.): metaph., ζ. μέλος ἔργμασι <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">N.</span>1.7</span>, cf.<span class="bibl"><span class="title">I.</span>1.6</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> [[join]] opposite banks [[by bridges]], ποταμὸν ζεῦξαι <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.206</span>; τὸν Ἑλλήσποντον <span class="bibl">Id.7.33</span>, <span class="bibl">Lys.2.29</span>; μηχαναῖς ἔζευξεν Ἕλλης πορθμόν <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pers.</span>722</span> (troch.):—also in Med., ζεύγνυσθαι τὸν Βόσπορον <span class="bibl">Hdt.4.83</span> (v.l. [[-νύναι]]):—Pass., <span class="bibl">Id.7.6</span>, <span class="bibl">34</span>; διῶρυξ ἐζευγμένη πλοίοις <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>1.2.5</span>; but also, </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">b</span> γεφύρας ζεῦξαι <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.205</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">4.85</span>, <span class="bibl">118</span>,al. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">4</span> [[furnish]] ships <b class="b2">with cross-benches</b> (ζυγόν ''III''), <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Fr.</span>76.6</span>; but <b class="b3">ζεύξαντες τὰς παλαιὰς [ναῦς] ὥστε πλωΐμους εἶναι</b> [[having strengthened]] them [[with thwarts]], <span class="bibl">Th.1.29</span>, cf. Sch. ad loc. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">5</span> [[pair]] or [[match]] gladiators, <span class="bibl">Arr.<span class="title">Epict.</span>1.29.37</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">6</span> [[join]] issue at law, in Pass., [δίκαι] ὑπέρ τινος ἐζευγμέναι <span class="title">SIG</span>742.44 (Ephesus, i B.C.). (Cf. Skt. [[yunákti]], pl. [[yuñjánti]] 'yoke', Lat. [[jungo]], [[jugum]].) </span>

|sltr=[[ζεύγνυμι]] (fut. ζεύξω: aor. ἔζευξεν; ζεῦξον; ζεύξαις（α); ζεῦξαι: [[pass]]. aor. ζευχθέντες, ζευχθεῖσα; ζυγέντες, ζυγέν, ζυγένθ coni. nom. n.) <br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>a</b> [[bind]] [[fast]], [[secure]] ἴυγγα τετράκναμον ἐν ἀλύτῳ ζεύξαισα κύκλῳ (sc. [[Μήδεια]]) (P. 4.215) in tmesis, χαίταισι μὲν ζευχθέντες [[ἔπι]] στέφανοι (O. 3.6) met., εἴργει δὲ πότμῳ ζυγένθ' ἕτερον ἕτερα (Er. Schmid: [[ζυγόν]] θ. codd.) (N. 7.6) ἀμφοτερᾶν [[τοι]] χαρίτων σὺν θεοῖς ζεύξω [[τέλος]] καὶ τὸν ἀκερσεκόμαν Φοῖβον χορεύων καὶ τὰν ἁλιερκέα Ἰσθμοῦ δειράδ I shall [[secure]] an [[execution]] of [[both]] songs (I. 1.6) ἀμνάμονες δὲ βροτοί, [[ὅ τι]] μὴ σοφίας [[ἄωτον]] [[ἄκρον]] κλυταῖς ἐπέων ῥοαῖσιν ἐξίκηται ζυγέν (I. 7.19) ]ζευχθεῖσα προβώμ[ιο (Pae. 10.20) <br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>b</b> [[harness]], [[yoke]] up ἦ πόλλ' ἀμφὶ κρουνοῖς Πάγασον ζεῦξαι ποθέων ἔπαθεν (O. 13.64) [[Ἄρτεμις]] οἰοπόλας ζεύξαισ' ἐν ὀργαῖς Βακχίαις [[φῦλον]] λεόντων[ Δ. 2. 20. of the [[chariot]] of [[song]], ὦ [[Φίντις]], ἀλλὰ ζεῦξον [[ἤδη]] μοι [[σθένος]] ἡμιόνων ᾆ [[τάχος]] (O. 6.22) Θώρακος [[ὅσπερ]] ἐμὰν ποιπνύων [[χάριν]] τόδ' ἔζευξεν [[ἅρμα]] Πιερίδων (P. 10.65) [[ἅρμα]] δ' ὀτρύνει Χρομίου [[Νεμέα]] τ ἔργμασιν νικαφόροις [[ἐγκώμιον]] ζεῦξαι [[μέλος]] (N. 1.7) <br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>c</b> frag. ]ποι ζυγέντες ἐρατᾷ δόμον[ Δ. 1. . ]ζευξα[ Παρθ. 2. 75.

|lsmtext='''ζεύγνῡμι:''' ή -ύω, απαρ. -ύναι[ῠ], Επικ. ζευγνῦμεν, μτχ. <i>ζευγνύς</i>· γʹ πληθ. παρατ. <i>ἐζεύγνῠσαν</i>, Επικ. <i>ζεύγν-</i>, μέλ. <i>ζεύξω</i>, αόρ. αʹ <i>ἔζευξα</i> — Παθ., αόρ. αʹ [[ἐζεύχθην]], αόρ. βʹ [[ἐζύγην]] [ῠ] (από √<i>ΖΥΓ</i>, όπως στο [[ζυγῆναι]]),<br /><b class="num">I. 1.</b> [[ζεύω]], [[θέτω]] υπό [[ζυγό]]· <i>ἵππους</i>, σε Όμηρ. κ.λπ.· [[ζευγνύω]] ἵππους ὑφ' ἅρματα, <i>ὑφ' ἅρμασιν</i>, ὑπ' [[ὄχεσφιν]], <i>ὑπ' ἀμάξῃσιν</i>, σε Ομήρ. Ιλ.· ομοίως στη Μέσ., ἵππους [[ζεύγνυσθαι]], [[βάζω]] τα άλογά μου στο [[ζυγό]], σε Όμηρ.· επίσης, λέγεται για άλογα ιππασίας, [[δαμάζω]], [[ημερώνω]], [[βάζω]] [[χαλινάρι]], σελώνω· [[ζεῦξαι]] Πάγασον, σε Πίνδ.· επίσης, χρησιμ. για άρματα, [[ετοιμάζω]], [[προπαρασκευάζω]], στον ίδ., σε Ευρ.<br /><b class="num">2.</b> [[δένω]], [[συσφίγγω]], [[στερεώνω]], σε Ξεν. — Παθ., <i>φάρη ἐζευγμέναι</i>, στάχυα που έχουν δεθεί σε δεμάτια, σε Ευρ.<br /><b class="num">3.</b> μεταφ., πότμῳ [[ζυγείς]], ο δεμένος με τη [[μοίρα]] του, αυτός που δε μπορεί να ξεφύγει από το πεπρωμένο του, σε Σοφ., Ευρ.<br /><b class="num">II. 1.</b> [[συνδέω]], [[συνάπτω]], [[ενώνω]]· <i>σανίδες ἐζευγμέναι</i>, σανίδες που είναι [[καλά]] συναρμοσμένες [[μεταξύ]] τους, σε Ομήρ. Ιλ.<br /><b class="num">2.</b> [[ενώνω]] με τα [[δεσμά]] του γάμου, σε Ευρ. — στη Μέσ., λέγεται για τον σύζυγο, νυμφεύομαι, στον ίδ. — Παθ., είμαι παντρεμένος, σε Σοφ., Ευρ.<br /><b class="num">3.</b> [[ενώνω]] αντικριστές όχθες με γέφυρες· τὸν Ἑλλήσποντον [[ζεῦξαι]], σε Ηρόδ. κ.λπ.· επίσης, γέφυραν [[ζεῦξαι]], [[κατασκευάζω]], [[συναρμόζω]] [[γέφυρα]], στον ίδ.<br /><b class="num">4.</b> [[περιδένω]] το [[κύτος]] των πλοίων με [[σχοινιά]], σε Θουκ.

|elnltext=ζεύγνυμι en ζευγνύω [vgl. Lat. iungo] inf. ζευγνῦναι, ep. ζευγνῦμεν, imperf. ἐζεύγνυν en ἐζεύγνυον, 3 plur. ep. ζεύγνυσαν, med. ἐζευγνύμην, 3 dual. ep. ζευγνύσθην; aor. ἔζευξα, med. ἐζευξάμην; aor. pass. ἐζεύχθην en later ἐζύγην; perf. med.-pass. ἔζευγμαι, ptc. ἐζευγμένος, plqperf. med.-pass. 3 sing. ἔζευκτο; fut. ζεύξω, med. ζεύξομαι onder het juk brengen, inspannen:; ὑπ ’ ἀμάξῃσιν βόας ἡμιόνους τε ζεύγνυσαν zij spanden ossen en muildieren voor de wagens Il. 24.783; κἄζευξα πρῶτος ἐν ζυγοῖσι κνώδαλα en ik heb als eerste dieren onder het juk gebracht Aeschl. PV 462; κάνθαρον ζ. een mestkever inspannen Aristoph. Pax 128; ὄχους ἐζεύξατε jullie hebben wagens ingespannen Eur. Andr. 1020; ook med..; ἵππους τ ’ ἐζεύγνυντ ( ο ) zij spanden hun paarden in Od. 3.492; abs. med..; ζευγνύσθην zij beiden spanden hun paarden voor de wagen Il. 24.281; overdr. pass.. ζυγέντ ’ ἐν ἅρμασιν πημάτων onder het juk gebracht van een wagen vol rampspoed Aeschl. Ch. 795; ἀνάγκῃ ζυγείς onder het juk van de noodzaak Soph. Ph. 1025. samenvoegen, verbinden, vastmaken: pass..; σανίδες... ἐζευγμέναι gesloten deurvleugels Il. 18.276; γεφύρας ζ. ἐπὶ τοῦ ποταμοῦ bruggen over de rivier leggen Hdt. 1.205.2 = ζ. τὸν ποταμόν Hdt. 1.206.2; ζ. τοὺς ἀσκοὺς πρὸς ἀλλήλους de zakken aan elkaar vastmaken Xen. An. 3.5.10; uitbr. herstellen, repareren:; τὰς παλαιὰς ( sc. ναῦς ) de oude schepen repareren Thuc. 1.29.3; overdr. med..; τόνδ ’ ἐν ὅρκοις ζεύξομαι ik zal hem door eden binden Eur. Suppl. 1229; pass.. ὁρκίοισι... ζυγείς door eden gebonden Eur. Med. 735. overdr. in de echt verbinden, laten trouwen: van de ouders; τίς ταύτην ἔζευξε; wie heeft haar laten trouwen? Eur. IA 698; huwen, tot vrouw nemen: van de man; γάμοις ἔζευξ ’ Ἀδράστου παῖδα ik huwde de dochter van Adrastus Eur. Phoen. 1366; ook med. γενναιοτάταν... πασᾶν ἐζεύξω κλισίαις ἄκοιτιν je hebt de edelste van alle vrouwen als echtgenote in het huwelijksbed gebracht Eur. Alc. 994 ( lyr. ); pass. trouwen (van de vrouw). ἐζευγμένη getrouwde vrouw Soph. Tr. 536; ἐν γάμοις ζευχθεῖσα in de echt verbonden Eur. El. 99; γάμους ἀκουσίως ζ. tegen hun wil trouwen Plut. Sull. 33.3.

|etymtx=-ύω<br />Grammatical information: v.<br />Meaning: [[bring under the yoke]], [[unite]] (Il.)<br />Other forms: Aor. [[ζεῦξαι]], pass. [[ζυγῆναι]], [[ζευχθῆναι]], fut. [[ζεύξω]], perf. pass. [[ἔζευγμαι]] (Il.), perf. act. [[ἔζευχα]] (Philostr.)<br />Compounds: often with prefix, <b class="b3">ἀνα-</b>, <b class="b3">ἀπο-</b>, <b class="b3">δια-</b>, <b class="b3">ἐπι-</b>, <b class="b3">κατα-</b>, <b class="b3">συ-</b>, <b class="b3">ὑπο-</b> a. o.<br />Derivatives: 1. [[ζεῦξις]] [[yoking]], [[bridging]] (Hdt.), often to prefixcompp., e. g. <b class="b3">σύ-</b>, <b class="b3">διά-</b>, <b class="b3">ἐπί-ζευξις</b> (IA). 2. <b class="b3">ὑπο-</b>, <b class="b3">ἀνα-</b>, <b class="b3">παρα-</b>, <b class="b3">ἀπο-ζυγή</b> etc. (since Va), as simplex only pap. (IV-VIp) meaning [[pair]]. 3. [[ζεῦγμα]] <b class="b2">what is used for joining, bridge of boats, canal-lock etc.</b> (Th., E., Plb.) with [[ζευγματικόν]] <b class="b2">payment for a ship through a canal-lock</b> (pap.). 4. [[ζεύγλη]] [[part of a yoking]] (`yoke-cushion, loop attached to the yoke through which the beasts' heads were put', cf. Delebecque Cheval 60 and 179) etc. (Il.; s. below). 5. [[ζεῦγος]], s. v. 6. [[ζυγόν]], s. v. 7. <b class="b3">-ζυξ</b>, s. [[ζυγόν]]. 8. [[ζευκτήριος]] [[apt for yoking]], [[connecting]], n. [[yoke]] (A.), [[ζευκτηρίαι]] pl. [[ropes two fasten a rudder]] (Act. Ap. 27, 40); later 9. [[ζευκτήρ]] [[connecter]] (J.), f. <b class="b3">-ειρα</b> (Orph.); cf. Chantraine Formation 45, 62f. and below. 10. (<b class="b3">δια-</b> etc.) [[ζευκτικός]] (hell.). 11. [[ζευκτός]] (Str., Plu.; s. below).<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [508] <b class="b2">*i̯eug-</b> [[yoke]], [[connect]]<br />Etymology: Bedie the athematic <b class="b3">νυ-</b>present [[ζεύγνυμι]] (with full grade; cf. [[δείκνυμι]]) the other languages have forms with inner nasal, Skt. <b class="b2">yunák-ti</b> [[yokes]], [[connects]] (athem.), Lat. [[iung-ō]] (them.), Lith. <b class="b2">jung-iù</b> (jot pres.) <b class="b2">id.</b>, or nasalless forms, Av. [[yaog-ǝt_]] (3. sg. pret., athem.), <b class="b2">yuǰ-yeite</b> (3. sg., jot pras.). The other Greek forms too show full grade except the aorist [[ἐζύγην]] and the noun <b class="b3">-ζυγη</b>, e.g. the future and the <b class="b3">σ-</b>aorist (s. Schwyzer 751) but also the late nom. ag. [[ζευκτήρ]] (= Sktd. <b class="b2">yoktár-</b>), and the <b class="b3">σι-(τι-</b>)deriv. [[ζεῦξις]] and the late verbal adj. [[ζευκτός]] (against Sktd. (<b class="b2">prá-)yukti-</b>, <b class="b2">yuktá-</b>). - The <b class="b3">λ-</b>deriv. <b class="b3">ζεύγ-λη</b> is not connected with Lat. [[iugulum]] [[clavicle]] and Skt. <b class="b2">yúgalam</b> [[pair]]. S. also [[ζυγόν]].