λικμάω: Difference between revisions

|txtha=λικμῷ: [[future]] λικμήσω; ([[λιμός]] a winnowing-[[van]]);<br /><b class="num">1.</b> to [[winnow]], [[cleanse]] [[away]] the [[chaff]] from [[grain]] by winnowing ([[Homer]], [[Xenophon]], [[Plutarch]], others; the Sept.).<br /><b class="num">2.</b> in a [[sense]] [[unknown]] to [[secular]] authors, to [[scatter]] (opposed to [[συνάγω]], Jeremiah 38); [[add]], to [[crush]] to pieces, [[grind]] to [[powder]]: τινα, R G L brackets WH brackets); Theod.); Daniel , the [[passage]] cited it represents the Aphel of סוּף, finem facere, and on Sap. l. c. [[see]] Grimm. Many [[decline]] to [[follow]] the [[rendering]] of the Vulg. (conterere, comminuere), [[but]] [[refer]] the examples [[under]] [[this]] [[head]] to the [[preceding]].)

|etymtx=Grammatical information: v.<br />Meaning: <b class="b2">part the grain from the chaff, winnow</b>, metaph. [[crush]], [[destroy]] (Ε 500, B., X., LXX, pap.).<br />Other forms: aor. [[λικμῆσαι]].<br />Derivatives: [[λικμητηρ]] ́winnower', [[λικμητρίς]] <b class="b2">w. fan</b>, also [[λικμήτωρ]], - [[τής]]; <b class="b3">-ητήριον</b> <b class="b2">w. fan, shovel</b>; <b class="b3">-ητὸς</b> [[winnowing]], [[scatter]]; <b class="b3">-ητικός</b> <b class="b2">belonging to w.</b>. [[λικμός]], prob. backformation' w. fan', [[λικμαία]] surname of Demeter. [[λίκνον]] n. <b class="b2">w. fan</b> (Arist.), sacred basket with first-fruits in Demeter-cult' (S., AP; cf. Nilsson Gr. Rel. 1, 128; [[λικνοφόρος]] also [[cradle]] (h. Merc., Call.), [[λικνίτης]] surn. of Dionysos (Orph. , Plu.; Redard 210, v, Wilamowitz Glaube 2, 376), <b class="b3">-ὶτις</b> ([[τροφή]] S. Ichn. 269), [[λικνίζω]] = [[λικμάω]] (pap.). - <b class="b3">ν(ε)ίκλον τὸ λίκνον</b> H. - <b class="b3">ἰκμᾶν λικμᾶν</b>, <b class="b3">σῖτον καθαίρειν</b>; <b class="b3">ἰκμῶντο ἐσείοντο</b>, [[ἐπνεοντο]] H, [[ἀνικμώμενα]] (Pl. Ti. 53a; vv.ll. [[ἀναλικνώμενα]], [[ἀναλικμώμενα]]), <b class="b3">ἀπ-ικμησαι</b>, <b class="b3">δι-ικμῶνται</b> (Thphr.) Further from H. [[εὐ]]<[[νί]]>[[κμητο]]<[[ν]]> [[εὐλί]]<[[κ]]>[[μητον]], <b class="b3">ἀνικλώμενον ἀνακαθαιρόμενον</b> (cf. on [[ἀνικμώμενα]] above) and the suffixless <b class="b3">νικᾳ̃ λικμᾳ̃</b> ̃[[νικεῖν]] (for <b class="b3">-κᾶν</b>?) [[λικμᾶν]], <b class="b3">νείκεσεν ἔκρινεν</b>, <b class="b3">εὐνικές εὐκρινές</b>, <b class="b3">νεικητήρ λικμητήρ</b>. [[Μεγαρεῖς]].<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [761] <b class="b2">*neik-</b> <b class="b2">swing (cereals) for winnowing</b><br />Etymology: Popular word with variation of the form (as in popular words). If one may start from <b class="b3">*νίκνον</b>, <b class="b3">*νικνᾶν</b>, the forms [[λίκνον]] and [[νίκλον]], prob. also [[νικμᾶν]] (in [[εὑνίκμητον]]) can be understood as dissimilated forms; further perhaps also [[λικμᾶν]] (on the formation Schwyzer 731) from [[νικμᾶν]] and, with loss of the anlaut, [[ἰκμᾶν]], s. Bechtel Lex. s. [[λικμάω]] after Legerlotz KZ 8, 123f. and Schulze KZ 42. 380f. (= Kl. Schr. 58f.). Diff. on the variation [[μ]]:[[ν]] Schwyzer 338 (after J. Schmidt a. o.), on [[ἰκμᾶν]] J. Schmidt Kritik 108 n. 1 (from [[ἀνικμᾶν]], haplologically for <b class="b3">*ἀνα-νικμᾶν</b>, wrongly interpreted). Cf. also Danielsson Eranos 14, 1ff. on the dark [[ἀπολεικαι]] (inscr. Miletos). - If one starts from <b class="b3">*νίκ-νον</b>, we get an attractive connection with the fullgrade and derived Lith. <b class="b2">niekóju</b>, <b class="b2">-óti</b> <b class="b2">winnow (corn)</b>, Latv. <b class="b2">niẽkât</b> [[swing groats in a mill]] (Bugge Curt. Stud. 4, 335 f.); cf. the suffixless Greek forms above. Also Celtic forms have been compared, e.g. Welsh [[nithio]], Bret. [[niza]] [[winnow]]. Lith. <b class="b2">liekúoti</b> <b class="b2">winnow (corn)</b> and Latv. <b class="b2">lìekša</b> [[shovel]] have nohing to do with [[λικμάω]] (they are folksetymological tranormations after <b class="b2">lìkti</b> [[remain behind]]. - WP. 2, 321, Pok. 761, Fraenkel Wb. s. <b class="b2">niekóti</b> m.