ἵκω: Difference between revisions

|etymtx=Grammatical information: v.<br />Meaning: [[come]], [[reach]] (Hom., Pi. Dor. Arc.)<br />Other forms: [[ἱκάνω]] (ep.), [[ἱκνέομαι]] (Od., almost only with prefix, s. below), aor. [[ἱκέσθαι]], fut. [[ἵξομαι]] (Il.) with aor. [[ἷξε]], [[ἷξον]] (Schwyzer 788, Chantr. Gramm. hom. 1, 418f., Leumann Glotta 32, 213), perf. [[ἷγμαι]] (Od.).<br />Compounds: Often, in prose almost always with prefix, esp. <b class="b3">ἀφ-</b>, <b class="b3">ἀπ-</b> (with <b class="b3">εἰσ-</b>, <b class="b3">συν-αφ-ικνέομαι</b> a. o.), also <b class="b3">ἐξ-</b>, <b class="b3">ἐφ-</b>, <b class="b3">καθ-</b> a. o. (s. Fraenkel Glotta 35, 88ff.)<br />Derivatives: 1. [[ἵξις]] ([[ἴξις]]) [[passage through]], [[direction]] (Hp.), from [[ἀφικνέομαι]] etc. [[ἄφιξις]] [[arrival]] (IA), rare <b class="b3">ἔφ-</b>, <b class="b3">κάθ-</b>, <b class="b3">δί-ιξις</b>; 2. [[ἵκτωρ]], [[ἱκτήρ]] = [[ἱκέτης]], [[ἱκέσιος]], also <b class="b3">προσ-</b>, <b class="b3">ἀφ-ίκτωρ</b> <b class="b2">id.</b>, (trag.) with [[ἱκτήριος]] (S.); on a semantic differentiation Benveniste Noms d'agent 46; 3. [[ἱκέτης]] with [[ἱκετεύω]] etc. s. v.; beside it (<b class="b3">προσ-)ἵκτης</b> (hell. poetry); 4. <b class="b3">πόθ-ικ-ες</b> pl. [[προσήκοντες]], [[relatives]] (Tegea Va); 5. [[ἱκανός]] [[enough]] (IA prose), cf. [[πιθανός]] a. o. (Chantr. Form. 196f.); s. also [[ἴκμενος]], [[προίξ]].<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [893] <b class="b2">*seik-</b> reach, grasp (with the hand)<br />Etymology: Beside the longvowel active thematic root-present [[ἵκω]] (orig. perfect? Wackernagel Glotta 14, 56ff.) stands the shortvowel medial thematic root-aorist [[ἱκέσθαι]]; shortvowel have also active [[ἱκάνω]] < <b class="b3">*ἱκ-αν-Ϝω</b> (after [[φθάνω]], [[κιχάνω]], Schwyzer 698 w. n. 3) and medial [[ἱκνέομαι]] (Schwyzer 696a, Chantr. Gramm. hom. 1, 352f.), also [[ἱκανός]] and other nominal formations. The full grade occurs in the semantically deviant <b class="b3">ἐν-εῖκαι</b> [[bring away]] (s. v.) (Brugmann Grundr.2 2 : 3, 92); beside it stand longvowel forms not only in [[ἵκω]], but also in [[ἥκω]] (s. v.). One earlier assumed longdiphthong forms [[ēi]] : [[ī]] , which is now rejected. - An acceptable connection gives Lith. <b class="b2">siékiu</b>, <b class="b2">siékti</b> [[reach with the hand]], [[swear]], <b class="b2">at-siékiu</b> [[reach with the hand]] (Fick GGA 1891, 207), IE <b class="b2">seik-</b>, <b class="b2">sik-</b> (Bq, Pok. 893); Schmid IF 62, 229 n. 41 recalls Toch. B <b class="b2">sik-naṃ</b>, subbj. <b class="b2">saikaṃ</b> [[set a foot]]; the longvowel forms can be morphological reations of Greek.