θάνατος: Difference between revisions

|Definition=[θᾰ], ὁ, ([[θνῄσκω]]) <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> [[death]], whether [[natural]] or [[violent]], Hom., etc.; [[τῶν ὑπαλευάμενος θάνατον]] = [[the death threatened by them]], <span class="bibl">Od.15.275</span>; ὣς θάνον οἰκτίστῳ θανάτῳ <span class="bibl">11.412</span>; [[θάνατόνδε]] = [[to death]], <span class="bibl">Il.16.693</span>, <span class="bibl">22.297</span>; [[θανάτου τέλος]], [[μοῖρα]], <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Th.</span>906</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Pers.</span>917</span> (anap.), etc.; [[θανάτου πέρι καὶ ζωᾶς]] = [[for life and death]], <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">N.</span>9.29</span>; θ. ἢ βίον φέρει <span class="bibl">S. <span class="title">Aj.</span>802</span>; θάνατος μὲν τάδ' ἀκούειν <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">OC</span>529</span>; θανάτῳ ἴσον πάθος <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Aj.</span> 215</span>; ἐν ἀγχόναις θάνατον λαβεῖν <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hel.</span>201</span>; [[πόλεώς ἐστι θάνατος ἀνάστατον γενέσθαι]] = [[for a city destruction is like death]], <span class="bibl">Lycurg.61</span>; [[γῆρας ζῶν θ]]. <span class="bibl">Secund.<span class="title">Sent.</span>12</span>; [[θάνατον ἀποθνῄσκειν]], [[θάνατον τελευτᾶν]] = [[die the death]], [[die a death]] <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Crass.</span>25</span>, <span class="bibl">D.H.4.76</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> in Law, [[death-penalty]], [[θάνατον καταγνῶναί τινος]] = to [[pass sentence of death]] on one, <span class="bibl">Th.3.81</span>; [[θανάτου δίκῃ κρίνεσθαι]] ib.<span class="bibl">57</span>; θανάτου κρίνειν <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>1.2.14</span>, <span class="bibl">Plb.6.14.6</span>; περὶ θανάτου διώκειν <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">HG</span>7.3.6</span>; πρὸς τοὺς ἐχθροὺς… ἀγωνίσασθαι περὶ θανάτου <span class="bibl">D.4.47</span>; [[θανάτου τῆς ζημίας ἐπικειμένης]] = [[the penalty is death]], <span class="bibl">Isoc.8.50</span>; ellipt., παιδίον κεκος μημένον τὴν ἐπὶ θανάτῳ (sc. [[στολήν]]) <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.109</span>; τὴν ἐπὶ θ. προσαγαγεῖν τινα <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Alex.</span>44</span>; but [[δῆσαί τινα τὴν ἐπὶ θανάτῳ]] (sc. [[δέσιν]]) <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.119</span>; [[τὴν ἐπὶ θανάτῳ ἔξοδον ποιεῖσθαι]] = to [[go to execution]], <span class="bibl">Id.7.223</span>; ἐπὶ θάνατον ἄγεσθαι <span class="bibl">Id.3.14</span>; [[τοῖς Ἀθηναίοις ἐπιτρέψαι περὶ σφῶν αὐτῶν πλὴν θανάτου]] = [[for any penalty short of death]], <span class="bibl">Th.4.54</span>; εὐθύνας εἶναι πλὴν φυγῆς καὶ θανάτου καὶ ἀτιμίας <span class="title">IG</span>12.39.73; [[εἰργόμενον θανάτου καὶ τοῦ ἀνάπηρον ποιῆσαι]] = [[short of death or maiming]], <span class="bibl">Aeschin.1.183</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> pl., [[θάνατοι]] = [[kinds of death]], <span class="bibl">Od.12.341</span>; the deaths of several persons, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>1200</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Heracl.</span>628</span> (both lyr.); poet., of one person, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ch.</span>53</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>496</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">El.</span>206</span> (all lyr.); οὐχ ἑνός, οὐδὲ δυοῖν ἄξια θανάτοιν <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>908e</span>; πολλῶν θανάτων, οὐχ ἑνὸς ἄξιος <span class="bibl">D.21.21</span>, cf.<span class="bibl">19.16</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Pl.</span>483</span>, <span class="bibl">D.H.4.24</span>; δεύτερος θ. <b class="b2">*apoc</b>. <span class="bibl">2.11</span>, cf. Plu.2.942f; especially of [[violent death]], [[θάνατοι αὐθένται]] = [[murder by one of the same family]] <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>1572</span> (lyr.), cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Th.</span>879</span> (lyr.); εἰς θανάτους ἰέναι <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>399b</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> as pr. n., [[Θάνατος]] = [[Death]], [[Thanatos]] Ὕπνῳ… κασιγνήτῳ Θανάτοιο <span class="bibl">Il.14.231</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>854</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ph.</span>797</span>, etc.; μόνος θεῶν γὰρ Θ. οὐ δώρων ἐρᾷ <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Fr.</span>161</span>; ὃν [ἰὸν] τέκετο Θ. <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Tr.</span> 834</span>; character in E.<span class="title">Alc.</span> </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">III</span> [[corpse]], θάνατος ἀτύμβευτος <span class="title">AP</span>9.439 (Crin.).</span>