σπάνις: Difference between revisions

|Definition=[ᾰ], ἡ, gen. εως, dat. ει, Ion. ι:—<span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> [[scarcity]], [[dearth]], [[lack]], τόλμης <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Or.</span>942</span>; ἀνδρῶν <span class="bibl">D.25.31</span>; ὕδατος <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">GA</span>746b10</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">LXX <span class="title">Ju.</span>8.9</span>; θηρίων <span class="bibl">Str.2.5.26</span>; νεκύων <span class="title">AP</span>9.53 (Nicod. or Bass.); <b class="b3">οὐ σπάνις . . ἔχειν</b>,= <b class="b3">οὐ σπάνιον</b>, [[there is]] no [[lack]], no [[difficulty]], in getting, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">IA</span>1163</span>; <b class="b3">οὗ σ. ἀνδρὶ τυχεῖν</b> which 'tis [[rare]] for a man to get, <span class="title">IG</span>2.2753, cf. 3577: abs., [[dearth]], <b class="b3">τροφὰς ἐν τῇ μεγάλῃ σ. παρέσχε</b> ib.3.687. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> [[unsatisfied need]], [[want]], c. gen., ἐν σπάνι βύβλων <span class="bibl">Hdt.5.58</span>; <b class="b3">σ. σχεῖν τοῦ βίου</b> [[poverty]], <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>1461</span>; βίου <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hec.</span>12</span>; ἢν δέ του σπάνιν τιν' ἴσχῃς <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>506</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>678d</span>; σ. τῶν ἀναγκαίων <span class="bibl">Antipho 4.1.2</span>; <b class="b3">τῇ τῶν χρημάτων σ</b>. <span class="bibl">Th.1.142</span>; ἀργυρίου <span class="bibl">Lys.19.11</span>; <b class="b3">ἡ . . σ. πρόχειρος εἰς τὸ δρᾶν κακά</b> [[want]], [[poverty]], <span class="bibl">Philem.157</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> [[craving]], defined as <b class="b3">ἐπιθυμία ἀτελής</b>, <span class="title">Stoic.</span>3.97; ἐν σ. χρημάτων <span class="bibl">D.19.153</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Phld.<span class="title">Lib.</span>p.45</span> O.</span>

|elnltext=σπάνις -εως, ἡ, Ion. dat. sing. σπάνι, schaarste, gebrek; met gen. aan iets:; τόλμης σ. gebrek aan durf Eur. Or. 942; ἐν σπάνι βύβλων bij gebrek aan papyrusrollen Hdt. 5.58.3; οὐ σπάνει βίου niet door gebrek aan levensonderhoud Xen. An. 6.4.8; met inf.. φλαύραν δ ’ οὐ σπάνις γυναῖκα ἔχειν er is geen gebrek aan mogelijkheden om een minderwaardige vrouw te hebben Eur. IA 1163.

|etymtx=-εως<br />Grammatical information: f.<br />Meaning: [[rarity]], [[scarcity]] (IA.).<br />Other forms: Ion. dat. <b class="b3">-ι</b>.<br />Derivatives: 1. [[σπάνιος]] [[rare]], [[scarce]] (IA.); in compp. for it <b class="b3">σπανο-</b>, e.g. <b class="b3">σπανο-σιτ-ία</b> f. [[lack of grain]], [[provision]] (X., Arist., inscr. a. o.; <b class="b3">σπανι-</b> σπάνις Delos IIIa); <b class="b3">σπανο-πώγων</b>, <b class="b3">-ωνος</b> [[having a scarce growth of beard]] (Ion Hist., pap.), shortened from this [[σπανός]] <b class="b2">id.</b>, also [[eunuch]] (Ptol. a. o., Byz.; Fraenkel [[Μνήμ]]. [[χάριν]] 1, 100, E. Maass RhM 74, 432); <b class="b3">σπανι-άκις</b> [[infrequent]] (Luc. a. o.), <b class="b3">-ότης</b> f. = [[σπάνις]] (Isoc., Ph.), also [[σπανία]] <b class="b2">id.</b> (E. Rh. 245 [lyr.]; from [[σπάνιος]] or enlarged from [[σπάνις]]; Scheller Oxytonierung 38). 2. Verb [[σπανίζω]], <b class="b3">-ομαι</b>, also w. <b class="b3">ὑπο-</b>, <b class="b2">to lack in smth., to lack, to be sparse, to be missing</b> (Pi., IA.) with <b class="b3">σπαν-ιστός</b> [[meagre]], [[sparse]] (S. a.o.), <b class="b3">-ιστικός</b> <b class="b2">id.</b> (Vett. Val.); [[σπανίζω]] also factitive [[to exhaust]], [[to spend]], [[to dispense]] (LXX, pap., Ph. Byz.); backformed from the verb <b class="b3">σπανόν τίμιον</b>, <b class="b3">πολλοῦ ἄξιόν ἐστιν</b> H.<br />Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin] (V)<br />Etymology: Etymology doubted. Rather with <b class="b3">νι-</b>suffix to [[σπάω]] (Persson Beitr. 1, 397 n. 1 as supposition with Curtius 272) than with zero grade to [[πένομαι]] (s. Curtius a. O.; anl. <b class="b3">σπ-</b> gives problems). Diff. Solmsen Wortforsch. 157 (to Lat. [[pēnūria]]). -- Furnée 378, however, may be right in connecting <b class="b3">ἠπανᾳ -νεῖ ἀπορεῖ</b>, [[σπανίζει]], [[ἀμηχανεῖ]] H, assuming a prothetic <b class="b3">σ-</b> and a prothetic <b class="b3">α-</b> lengthened to <b class="b3">ἠ-</b>. If so, the word is Pre-Greek.

|ftr='''σπάνις''': -εως<br />{spánis}<br />'''Forms''': ion. Dat. -ι<br />'''Grammar''': f.<br />'''Meaning''': [[Seltenheit]], [[Mangel]] (ion. att.).<br />'''Derivative''': Davon 1. [[σπάνιος]] [[selten]], [[spärlich]] (ion. att.); in Kompp. dafür σπανο-, z.B. [[σπανοσιτία]] f. [[Mangel an Getreide]], [[Proviant]] (X., Arist., Inschr. u. a.; σπανι- ~ Delos III^a); σπιανοπώγων, -ωνος [[mit spärlichem Bartwuchs]] (Ion Hist., Pap.), daraus gekürzt [[σπανός]] ib., auch [[Eunuch]] (Ptol. u. a., byz.; Fraenkel Μνήμ. [[χάριν]] 1, 100, E. Maass RhM 74, 432); [[σπανιάκις]] [[selten]] (Luk. u. a.), -ότης f. = [[σπάνις]] (Isok., Ph.), auch [[σπανία]] ib. (E. ''Rh''. 245 [lyr.]; von [[σπάνιος]] oder Erweiterung von [[σπάνις]]; Scheller Oxytonierung 38). 2. Verb [[σπανίζω]], -ομαι, auch m. ὑπο-, [[Mangel haben]], [[ermangeln]], [[selten sein]], [[fehlen]] (Pi., ion. att.) mit [[σπανιστός]] [[kärglich]], [[karg]] (S. u.a.), -ιστικός ib. (Vett. Val.); [[σπανίζω]] auch faktitiv [[ausschöpfen]], [[ausgeben]], [[spenden]] (LXX, Pap., Ph. Byz.); vom Verb rückgebildet σπανόν· τίμιον, [[πολλοῦ]] ἄξιόν ἐστιν H.<br />'''Etymology''' : Etymologie strittig. Eher mit νι-Suffix zu [[σπάω]] (Persson Beitr. 1, 397 A. 1 als Vermutung mit Curtius 272) als mit Schwundstufe zu [[πένομαι]] (s. Curtius a. O.; anl. σπ- macht Schwierigkeiten). Noch anders Solmsen Wortforsch. 157 (zu lat. ''pēnūria'').<br />'''Page''' 2,756-757