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ἀπόφασις: Difference between revisions

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|Transliteration C=apofasis
|Transliteration C=apofasis
|Beta Code=a)po/fasis
|Beta Code=a)po/fasis
|Definition=(A), εως, ἡ, (ἀπόφημι) <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> [[denial]], [[negation]], opp. [[κατάφασις]], <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Sph.</span>263e</span>; <b class="b3">ἀ. ἐστιν ἀπόφανσίς τινος ἀπό τινος</b> [[a predication]] of one thing [[away from]] another, i.e. [[negation]] of it, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Int.</span>17a25</span>, cf.<span class="bibl"><span class="title">APo.</span> 72a14</span>; <b class="b3">ἀ. τινός</b> [[negation]], [[exclusion]] of a thing, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Cra.</span>426d</span>; <b class="b3">δύο ἀ</b>. μίαν κατάφασιν ἀποτελοῦσι <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Gall.</span>11</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> [[negative particle]], e.g. [[οὐ]], <span class="bibl">A.D.<span class="title">Adv.</span>124.8</span>, al.; [[sign of negation]], Stoic.2.52 (pl.).</span><br /><span class="bld">ἀπόφᾰσις</span> (B), εως, ἡ<b class="b3">, (ἀποφαίνω)</b> <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> = [[ἀπόφανσις]], [[sentence]], [[decision]], of an arbitrator's [[award]], διαίτης <span class="bibl">D.47.45</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">33.21</span>; <b class="b3">κατά τινος</b>, of an Amphictyonic decree, <span class="bibl">D.S.16.24</span>; ἀ. ἔγγραφος <span class="title">OGI</span>335.72 (Pergam.); of an emperor, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PTeb.</span>286.11</span> (ii A.D., pl.). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> [[catalogue]], [[inventory]], ἀ. δοῦναι <span class="bibl">D.42.1</span>,14. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> = [[ἀπόφανσις]], [[assertion]], [[judgement]], <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Rh.</span> 1365b27</span>, <span class="bibl">Epicur.<span class="title">Ep.</span>3p.60U.</span>, Phld.<span class="title">Ir.</span>p.75 W., <span class="bibl">Plb.1.14.8</span> (pl.), al.; περί τινος <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Comp.Sol.Publ.</span>1</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Str.2.1.19</span>; καταληπτικὴ ἀ. <span class="bibl">S.E. <span class="title">P.</span>2.123</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">b</span> [[answer]], <span class="bibl">Plb.22.13.7</span>; πρὸς τὰ κατηγορούμενα <span class="bibl">Id.24.2.5</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">4</span> <b class="b2">oracle,</b> <span class="bibl">Jul.<span class="title">Ep.</span>89</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">5</span> = [[φάσμα]], [[appearance]], [[image]], sc. <b class="b3">τοῦ ἡλίου</b>, <span class="bibl">Diog.Oen.8</span>.</span>
|Definition=(A), εως, ἡ, ([[ἀπόφημι]])<br><span class="bld">A</span> [[denial]], [[negation]], opp. [[κατάφασις]], Pl.Sph.263e; ἀπόφασις ἐστιν ἀπόφανσίς τινος ἀπό τινος = a [[predication]] of one thing [[away]] [[from]] another, i.e. [[negation]] of it, Arist.Int.17a25, cf.APo. 72a14; [[ἀπόφασις τινός]] [[negation]], [[exclusion]] of a thing, Pl.Cra.426d; δύο ἀποφάσεις μίαν [[κατάφασις|κατάφασιν]] ἀποτελοῦσι = two [[negative]]s make an [[affirmative]], Luc.Gall.11.<br><span class="bld">II</span> [[negative particle]], e.g. [[οὐ]], A.D.Adv.124.8, al.; [[sign of negation]], Stoic.2.52 (pl.).<br><br>(B), εως, ἡ, ([[ἀποφαίνω]])<br><span class="bld">A</span> = [[ἀπόφανσις]], [[sentence]], [[decision]], of an [[arbitrator]]'s [[award]], διαίτης D.47.45, cf. 33.21; κατά τινος, of an [[Amphictyonic]] [[decree]], D.S.16.24; ἀπόφασις [[ἔγγραφος]] OGI335.72 (Pergam.); of an [[emperor]], PTeb.286.11 (ii A.D., pl.).<br><span class="bld">2</span> [[catalogue]], [[inventory]], ἀπόφασιν δοῦναι D.42.1,14.<br><span class="bld">3</span> = [[ἀπόφανσις]], [[assertion]], [[judgement]], Arist.Rh. 1365b27, Epicur.Ep.3p.60U., Phld.Ir.p.75 W., Plb.1.14.8 (pl.), al.; περί τινος Plu.Comp.Sol.Publ.1, cf. Str.2.1.19; καταληπτικὴ ἀπόφασις S.E. P.2.123.<br><span class="bld">b</span> [[answer]], Plb.22.13.7; πρὸς τὰ κατηγορούμενα Id.24.2.5.<br><span class="bld">4</span> [[oracle]], Jul.Ep.89.<br><span class="bld">5</span> = [[φάσμα]], [[appearance]], [[image]], sc. τοῦ ἡλίου, Diog.Oen.8.
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|dgtxt=-εως, ἡ<br /><b class="num">1</b> [[negación]] φάσιν τε καὶ ἀ. Pl.<i>Sph</i>.263e, cf. 257b, ἀλήθεια ἕζις ἐν καταφάσει καὶ ἀ. Pl.<i>Def</i>.413c, ἀ. δὲ τὸ μὴ εἶναι Arist.<i>Metaph</i>.1012<sup>a</sup>16, ἀ. δέ ἐστιν [[ἀπόφανσις]] τινὸς ἀπὸ τινός una negación es un enunciado que niega algo de algo</i> Arist.<i>Int</i>.17<sup>a</sup>25<br /><b class="num">•</b>como op. κατάφασις: ἔσται κατάφασις ἢ [[ἀπόφασις]] [[ἐάν]] τι προστεθῇ Arist.<i>Int</i>.16<sup>b</sup>29, cf. 17<sup>a</sup>9<br /><b class="num">•</b>en def. como negación de algo ἡ δὲ στάσις [[ἀπόφασις]] τοῦ ἰέναι Pl.<i>Cra</i>.426d, αἱ δύο ἀποφάσεις μίαν κατάφασιν ἀποτελοῦσιν Luc.<i>Gall</i>.11, κατὰ ... ἀπόφασιν, ὧν οὐκ ἔστιν ... προσηγόρευται (<i>sc</i>. ἡ τῶν ἀσωμάτων προσηγορία) Porph.<i>Sent</i>.19<br /><b class="num">•</b>en lat. <i>apophasis</i> op. [[cataphasis]], [[negación]] Isid.<i>Etym</i>.2.27.3, cf. Fortunat.<i>Rh</i>.82.5<br /><b class="num">•</b>crist. como sistema para referirse a los atributos de Dios αἱ μὲν ἀποφάσεις ἐπὶ τῶν θείων ἀληθεῖς, αἱ δὲ καταφάσεις ἀνάρμοστοι Dion.Ar.<i>CH</i> M.3.141A.<br /><b class="num">2</b> en sent. gramatical [[partícula negativa]], [[negación]] ἡ οὒ [[ἀπόφασις]] A.D.<i>Adu</i>.124.8, ἡ ‘οὐκ’ ἀ. Origenes <i>Fr</i>.59 <i>in Ier</i>.p.227.16<br /><b class="num">•</b>en plu. [[signo de negación]] ref. a las partíc. ἀ- y ἀν- Chrysipp.<i>Stoic</i>.2.52.<br />-εως, ἡ<br /><b class="num">I</b> [[aparición]] (τοῦ ἡλίου) Diog.Oen.22.2.8.<br /><b class="num">II</b> <b class="num">1</b>[[inventario]], [[relación]] τῆς οὐσίας D.42.1, δημηγοριῶν Plb.29.12.9<br /><b class="num">•</b>[[respuesta]] ἀ. ... δοῦναι περὶ τῶν γεγραμμένων Plb.29.27.5, πρὸς ἕκαστον τῶν κατηγορουμένων Plb.23.2.5, cf. Didym.M.39.1404B<br /><b class="num">•</b>[[afirmación]], [[juicio]], [[opinión]] ὑπὲρ θεῶν Epicur.<i>Ep</i>.[4] 124, τὴν ἀτελὴν ἀπόφασιν Epicur.<i>Fr</i>.[26] 11.2, 10, καταπληκτικὴ ἀ. S.E.<i>P</i>.2.123, αἱ σκεπτικαὶ ἀποφάσεις S.E.<i>P</i>.1.5, ref. a unos versos τῶν λόγων ἀποφάσεις Plu.2.19d, cf. 21d<br /><b class="num">•</b>[[opinión científica]] ὑπὲρ αὐτῶν ἀπόφασιν ποιήσασθαι Archim.<i>Sph.Cyl</i>.proem.1<br /><b class="num">•</b>de Apolo [[oráculo]] Iul.<i>Ep</i>.89b, 297c.<br /><b class="num">2</b> jur. [[sentencia]] τῆς δίκης D.47.45, cf. 33.21, τῆς κρίσεως Ptol.<i>Iudic</i>.6.21, cf. <i>IG</i> 9(2).522.31 (Larisa III/II a.C.), <i>IM</i> 93c5 (II a.C.), <i>IG</i> 9(1).61.8 (Dáulide II d.C.), τῶν δικαστῶν D.C.46.6.3, ἡγουμένου Θηβαΐδος <i>POxy</i>.2665.14 (IV d.C.), τῶν ψήφων Lyd.<i>Mag</i>.3.11, cf. <i>SEG</i> 18.727.9 (Cirene II a.C.), de un decreto anfictiónico, D.S.16.24, del Areópago, Din.1.1, 48, del veredicto de un emperador <i>PTeb</i>.286.11 (II a.C.), τῆς ἀποφάσεως ... ἀπόγραφον copia de la sentencia</i>, <i>IG</i> 7.2870.13 (II d.C.), βασιλέως <i>PAnt</i>.191.10 (III d.C.), cf. anón. en <i>POxy</i>.2944.5<br /><b class="num">•</b>crist. τοῦ θεοῦ Meth.<i>Symp</i>.2.1.
|dgtxt=-εως, ἡ<br /><b class="num">1</b> [[negación]] φάσιν τε καὶ ἀ. Pl.<i>Sph</i>.263e, cf. 257b, ἀλήθεια ἕζις ἐν καταφάσει καὶ ἀ. Pl.<i>Def</i>.413c, ἀ. δὲ τὸ μὴ εἶναι Arist.<i>Metaph</i>.1012<sup>a</sup>16, ἀ. δέ ἐστιν [[ἀπόφανσις]] τινὸς ἀπὸ τινός una negación es un enunciado que niega algo de algo</i> Arist.<i>Int</i>.17<sup>a</sup>25<br /><b class="num">•</b>como op. κατάφασις: ἔσται κατάφασις ἢ [[ἀπόφασις]] [[ἐάν]] τι προστεθῇ Arist.<i>Int</i>.16<sup>b</sup>29, cf. 17<sup>a</sup>9<br /><b class="num">•</b>en def. como negación de algo ἡ δὲ στάσις [[ἀπόφασις]] τοῦ ἰέναι Pl.<i>Cra</i>.426d, αἱ δύο ἀποφάσεις μίαν κατάφασιν ἀποτελοῦσιν Luc.<i>Gall</i>.11, κατὰ ... ἀπόφασιν, ὧν οὐκ ἔστιν ... προσηγόρευται (<i>sc</i>. ἡ τῶν ἀσωμάτων προσηγορία) Porph.<i>Sent</i>.19<br /><b class="num">•</b>en lat. <i>[[apophasis]]</i> op. [[cataphasis]], [[negación]] Isid.<i>Etym</i>.2.27.3, cf. Fortunat.<i>Rh</i>.82.5<br /><b class="num">•</b>crist. como sistema para referirse a los atributos de Dios αἱ μὲν ἀποφάσεις ἐπὶ τῶν θείων ἀληθεῖς, αἱ δὲ καταφάσεις ἀνάρμοστοι Dion.Ar.<i>CH</i> M.3.141A.<br /><b class="num">2</b> en sent. gramatical [[partícula negativa]], [[negación]] ἡ οὒ [[ἀπόφασις]] A.D.<i>Adu</i>.124.8, ἡ ‘οὐκ’ ἀ. Origenes <i>Fr</i>.59 <i>in Ier</i>.p.227.16<br /><b class="num">•</b>en plu. [[signo de negación]] ref. a las partíc. ἀ- y ἀν- Chrysipp.<i>Stoic</i>.2.52.<br />-εως, ἡ<br /><b class="num">I</b> [[aparición]] (τοῦ ἡλίου) Diog.Oen.22.2.8.<br /><b class="num">II</b> <b class="num">1</b>[[inventario]], [[relación]] τῆς οὐσίας D.42.1, δημηγοριῶν Plb.29.12.9<br /><b class="num">•</b>[[respuesta]] ἀ. ... δοῦναι περὶ τῶν γεγραμμένων Plb.29.27.5, πρὸς ἕκαστον τῶν κατηγορουμένων Plb.23.2.5, cf. Didym.M.39.1404B<br /><b class="num">•</b>[[afirmación]], [[juicio]], [[opinión]] ὑπὲρ θεῶν Epicur.<i>Ep</i>.[4] 124, τὴν ἀτελὴν ἀπόφασιν Epicur.<i>Fr</i>.[26] 11.2, 10, καταπληκτικὴ ἀ. S.E.<i>P</i>.2.123, αἱ σκεπτικαὶ ἀποφάσεις S.E.<i>P</i>.1.5, ref. a unos versos τῶν λόγων ἀποφάσεις Plu.2.19d, cf. 21d<br /><b class="num">•</b>[[opinión científica]] ὑπὲρ αὐτῶν ἀπόφασιν ποιήσασθαι Archim.<i>Sph.Cyl</i>.proem.1<br /><b class="num">•</b>de Apolo [[oráculo]] Iul.<i>Ep</i>.89b, 297c.<br /><b class="num">2</b> jur. [[sentencia]] τῆς δίκης D.47.45, cf. 33.21, τῆς κρίσεως Ptol.<i>Iudic</i>.6.21, cf. <i>IG</i> 9(2).522.31 (Larisa III/II a.C.), <i>IM</i> 93c5 (II a.C.), <i>IG</i> 9(1).61.8 (Dáulide II d.C.), τῶν δικαστῶν D.C.46.6.3, ἡγουμένου Θηβαΐδος <i>POxy</i>.2665.14 (IV d.C.), τῶν ψήφων Lyd.<i>Mag</i>.3.11, cf. <i>SEG</i> 18.727.9 (Cirene II a.C.), de un decreto anfictiónico, D.S.16.24, del Areópago, Din.1.1, 48, del veredicto de un emperador <i>PTeb</i>.286.11 (II a.C.), τῆς ἀποφάσεως ... ἀπόγραφον copia de la sentencia</i>, <i>IG</i> 7.2870.13 (II d.C.), βασιλέως <i>PAnt</i>.191.10 (III d.C.), cf. anón. en <i>POxy</i>.2944.5<br /><b class="num">•</b>crist. τοῦ θεοῦ Meth.<i>Symp</i>.2.1.
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|elrutext='''ἀπόφᾰσις:''' εως ἡ [[ἀποφαίνω]]<br /><b class="num">1)</b> заявление, утверждение, тж. мнение, высказывание ([[ὑπό]] τινος λεγομένη Polyb.; ἀποφάσεις καὶ [[δόξαι]] Plut.);<br /><b class="num">2)</b> судебное решение, приговор (τῆς δίκης Dem.);<br /><b class="num">3)</b> инвентарная опись (τῆς οὐσίας Dem.);<br /><b class="num">4)</b> ответ (ἀπόφασιν [[δοῦναι]] περί τινος Polyb.).<br />εως ἡ [[ἀπόφημι]] отрицание, отрицательное положение Plat., Arst., Plut.
|elrutext='''ἀπόφᾰσις:''' εως ἡ [[ἀποφαίνω]]<br /><b class="num">1)</b> [[заявление]], [[утверждение]], тж. [[мнение]], [[высказывание]] ([[ὑπό]] τινος λεγομένη Polyb.; ἀποφάσεις καὶ [[δόξαι]] Plut.);<br /><b class="num">2)</b> [[судебное решение]], [[приговор]] (τῆς δίκης Dem.);<br /><b class="num">3)</b> [[инвентарная опись]] (τῆς οὐσίας Dem.);<br /><b class="num">4)</b> [[ответ]] (ἀπόφασιν [[δοῦναι]] περί τινος Polyb.).<br />εως ἡ [[ἀπόφημι отрицание]], [[отрицательное положение]] Plat., Arst., Plut.
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|woodrun=[[finding]], [[sentence]], [[in an arbitration]]
|woodrun=[[finding]], [[sentence]], [[in an arbitration]]
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==Wikipedia EN==
Apophasis (/əˈpɒfəsɪs/; from Ancient Greek [[ἀπόφασις]] (apóphasis), from [[ἀπόφημι]] (apóphemi) 'to [[say no]]') is a rhetorical device wherein the speaker or writer brings up a subject by either denying it, or denying that it should be brought up. Accordingly, it can be seen as a rhetorical relative of irony.
The device is also called [[paralipsis]] ([[παράλειψις]]) – also spelled [[paraleipsis]] or [[paralepsis]] – or [[occupatio]], and known also as [[praeteritio]], [[preterition]], or [[parasiopesis]] ([[παρασιώπησις]]).
==Wikipedia DE==
Eine Praeteritio (auch Präterition, lateinisch praeterire ‚[[übergehen]]‘, ‚[[auslassen]]‘) oder [[Paralipse]] (auch [[Paralipsis]], altgriechisch [[παράλειψις]] paraleipsis, deutsch ‚[[Unterlassung]]‘) ist eine rhetorische Figur, bei der man vorgibt, ein Thema (einen Gedanken, einen Gegenstand) übergehen zu wollen, es aber eben durch diese Ankündigung doch erwähnt und so besonders hervorhebt.
==Wikipedia ES==
La paralipsis (del griego παρὰ, pará, "a un lado"; y λείπειν, leípein, "dejar") o praeteritio, preterición (del latín praetereo, "dejar atrás") o pretermisión, es una figura retórica, englobada dentro de las figuras oblicuas, que consiste en declarar que se omite o pasa por alto algo, cuando de hecho se aprovecha la ocasión para llamar la atención sobre ello. Se introduce a menudo mediante expresiones como "por no mencionar" o "sin hablar de".
==Wikipedia IT==
La preterizione (dal verbo latino "praeterire", letteralmente "andare oltre", "tralasciare"), nota anche come paralessi, paralissi o paralipsi (dal verbo greco παραλείπω, avente il medesimo significato), è una figura di pensiero con la quale si finge di non voler dir nulla di ciò di cui si sta parlando, e quindi lo si dice a chiare lettere, con l'intenzione di dare risalto all'informazione che si finge voler tralasciare.
==Wikipedia RU==
Апофазия (от греч. ἀπό «от, вопреки» + φάσις «высказывание») — риторический приём, которым высказывающийся опровергает своё собственное высказывание, сделанное ранее. Относится к приёму нарочитого алогизма.
Также встречается другое название этой фигуры речи: паралепсис (греч. παράλειψις) — упоминание о том, о чём было обещано молчать. Паралепсис, в свою очередь, делят на катафазис и пролепсис.