λύγος: Difference between revisions

|Definition=[ῠ], ἡ, also ὁ, <span class="bibl">Longus 3.27</span> codd.:— <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> = [[ἄγνος]], <b class="b2">agnus castus, Vitex Agnus-castus, withy</b>: in plural, [[its twigs]] or [[withes]], [[τοὺς]] [the rams] συνέεργον ἐϋστρεφέεσσι λύγοισι <span class="bibl">Od.9.427</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">10.166</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Cyc.</span>225</span>, etc.; in δίδη μόσχοισι λύγοισι <span class="bibl">Il.11.105</span>, [[λύγοισι]] is the specific word added to the generic [[μόσχοισι]] (cf. <b class="b3">σῦς κάπρος, ἴρηξ κίρκος</b>, etc.): in late Prose, <span class="bibl">Arr.<span class="title">Fr.</span>153</span> J.; used for wreaths, στεφανοῦται λύγῳ <span class="bibl">Anacr.41</span>; cf. [[λύγινος]]. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> [[λυγῶς]] (sic cod., fort. [[λυγός]]) [[screw-press]] used by carpenters, Hsch. (but perhaps <b class="b3">λυγῶ&lt;δε&gt;ς</b>).</span>

|etymtx=Grammatical information: f. (m.)<br />Meaning: <b class="b2">flexible branch, twig which can well be used for twisting</b> (Il.);<br />Compounds: some compp., e.g. <b class="b3">Λυγο-δέσμα</b> f. "bound with willow-twigs", Lacon. surname of Artemis (Paus.).<br />Derivatives: [[λύγιον]] [[twig]] (sch.), [[λυγέα]] [[withy]] (Eust.), [[λύγινος]] <b class="b2">of λ.</b> (Heph. ap. Ath.), [[λυγώδης]] [[like a willow]] (Dsc., Eust.), [[λυγόω]] [[wind]], [[bend]] (AP, APl.). - Also [[λυγίζομαι]], <b class="b3">-ω</b> <b class="b2">turn (itself), wind, bend</b> (Hp., att., Theoc., AP ) with [[λυγισμός]] [[turning]], [[bending]], of ring-fighters, dancers etc. (Ar., Luc.), [[λύγισμα]] [[sprain]] (Dsc.), <b class="b3">-ιστικός</b> [[supple]], [[readily twisting]] (Poll.).<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European]X [probably] [685] <b class="b2">*leug-</b> [[bend]], [[twist]]<br />Etymology: Interpreted as verbal noun [[λύγος]] can be combined with isolated formations in other languages: Lith. verbal adj. <b class="b2">lùg-nas</b> [[twistable]], [[supple]], wit the denomin. yotpresent OWNo. [[lykna]] (from PGm. <b class="b2">*lukn-jan</b>) [[bend the knee]]; Lat. verbal adj. prob. [[luxus]] (from <b class="b2">*lug-s-os</b>) [[sprained]] (cf. [[λύγισμα]]). Here also Lat. frequentative <b class="b2">lucto(r</b>), [[luctāre]], <b class="b2">-rī</b> [[wrestle]] (with backformation [[lucta]] f. [[ring-fight]]), prop. *"turne oneself"; cf. [[λυγισμός]]. More, more or less hypothetical connections in Bq, WP. 2, 413f. (after Persson Beitr. 1, 203ff. a.o.), Pok. 685 f., Fraenkel Wb. s. <b class="b2">lùgnas</b>; further (very hypothetical) Jēgers Comment. Balt. IV--V:3, 24ff. - The orig. meaning of [[λύγος]] would be "turning, bending"; perhaps, [[λυγίζομαι]] retained an idea of the abstract meaning. But one might find this improbable