ἀρχαῖος: Difference between revisions

|Definition=α, ον, ([[ἀρχή]] I) <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> [[from the beginning]] or <b class="b2">origin:</b> </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">I</span> mostly of things, [[ancient]], σκότος <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>106</span>; ἐσθής <span class="bibl">Hdt.5.88</span>; δόμοις ἐπασσάλευσαν ἀρχαῖον γάνος <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>579</span> codd.; Ζηνὸς ἀρχαίοις νόμοις <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>1382</span>; <b class="b3">χερὸς σῆς πίστιν ἀρχαίαν</b> faith [[firm for ever]], ib. <span class="bibl">1632</span> codd. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> [[old-fashioned]], [[antiquated]], <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>317</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Nu.</span>984</span>, <span class="bibl">D.22.14</span>; of literary style, <span class="bibl">Demetr.<span class="title">Eloc.</span>244</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">b</span> [[simple]], [[silly]], <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Nu.</span>915</span>, al., <span class="bibl">Pherecr. 205</span>; -ότερος εἶ τοῦ δέοντος <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Euthd.</span>295c</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> [[ancient]], [[former]], τὸ ἀ. ῥέεθον <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.75</span>; τοῦ ἀ. λόγου <span class="bibl">Id.7.160</span>; οὐ γὰρ δὴ τό γ' ἀ. δέμας <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>110</span>; <b class="b3">οἱ ἀ</b>., opp. <b class="b3">οἱ ὕστερον</b>, <span class="bibl">Th.2.16</span>; ἀ. φύσις <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ch.</span>281</span>, <span class="bibl">Hp. <span class="title">Art.</span>53</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Smp.</span>193c</span>, etc.; φύσις καὶ κατάστασις ἀ. <span class="bibl">Democr.278</span>; coupled with παλαιός, παλαιὸν δῶρον ἀρχαίου θηρός <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Tr.</span>555</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Lys. 6.51</span>, D.l.c. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">4</span> [[old]], [[worn out]], ὑποδήματα <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>4.5.14</span>; πινάκια <span class="bibl"><span class="title">BGU</span>781i1</span> (i A. D.). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> of persons, Θέμιν . . ἀρχαίαν ἄλοχον Διός <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">Fr.</span>6.5</span>; <b class="b3">ἀ. θεαί</b>, of the Erinyes, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Eu.</span>728</span>; Πέλοψ <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>1292</span>; <b class="b3">οἱ ἀ</b>. [[the Ancients]], name given by Arist. to the pre-Socratics, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Metaph.</span> 1069a25</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">GC</span>314a6</span>; in Lit. Crit., [[ancient]], [[classical]] writers, <span class="bibl">Demetr. <span class="title">Eloc.</span>15</span>,<span class="bibl">67</span>; in Plot., the philosophers down to Aristotle, <span class="bibl">5.1.9</span>; in [[NT]], [[the Fathers]], Ev.Matt.5.21, al. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> [[ancient]], [[old]], <b class="b3">βαλὴν ἀ</b>., of Darius, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pers.</span>657</span> (lyr.); λάτρις <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hec.</span>609</span>; ἑταῖρος <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Mem.</span>2.8.1</span>; <b class="b3">οἱ ἀ. κύριοι</b> the [[original]] owners, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">BGU</span>992 ii 6</span> (ii B. C.); <b class="b3">τὰς ἀ. πόλεις</b> (banished from) their [[original]] cities, Polystr.<span class="bibl">p.22</span> W.; <b class="b3">ἀ. μαθητής</b> an [[original]] disciple, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Act.Ap.</span>21.16</span>; ἀ. μύστης <span class="title">Inscr.Magn.</span>215<b class="b2">b;</b> <b class="b3">παιδαγωγὸς ἀ</b>., i.e [[of old]], [[formerly]], <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">El.</span>287</span>, cf.<span class="bibl">853</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">III</span> neut. as Adv., <b class="b3">τὸ ἀρχαῖον</b>, Ion. contr. [[τὠρχαῖον]], [[anciently]], <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.56</span>, <span class="bibl">173</span>, al., Att.τἀρχαῖον <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Supp.</span>326</span>; ἀπὸ τοῦ ἀ. <span class="bibl">Hdt.4.117</span>; ἐξ ἀρχαίων <span class="bibl">D.S.1.14</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> regul. Adv. [[ἀρχαίως]] [[in olden style]], καινὰ ἀ. λέγειν <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phdr.</span>267b</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Isoc.4.8</span>, <span class="bibl">D.9.48</span>; ἀ. καὶ σεμνῶς <span class="bibl">Aeschin.1.183</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">IV</span> irreg. Comp. ἀρχαιέστερος <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">Fr.</span>45</span> (on [[ἀρχέστατος]] v. h. v.); usual Comp. -ότερος <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Av.</span>469</span>: Sup. -ότατος <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.105</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">V</span> as [[substantive]], <b class="b3">τὸ ἀρχαῖον</b>, of money, [[prime cost]], πλέον τοῦ ἀ. <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Vect.</span>3.2</span>; [[principal]], mostly in plural, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Nu.</span>1156</span>, etc.; τἀρχαῖα ἀποδιδόναι <span class="bibl">D.34.26</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">τῶν ἀρχαίων ἀπέστησαν</b> lost their [[capital]], <span class="bibl">Id.1.15</span>: opp. [[ἔργον]], <span class="bibl">Id.27.10</span>; opp. [[πρόσοδοι]], <span class="bibl">Is.6.38</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b3">ἀρχαίη, ἡ,</b> = [[ἀρχή]], <span class="bibl">Eust.475.1</span>, etc.</span>