γαλέη: Difference between revisions

|Definition=contr. γαλῆ, ῆς, ἡ, a name given to various animals of the <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> [[weasel]] kind, [[weasel]], [[marten]], [[polecat]] or [[foumart]], <span class="bibl">Batr.9</span>, al., <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ach.</span> 255</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Pl.</span>693</span>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">HA</span>609a17</span>, al.; <b class="b3">εἰ διᾴξειεν γαλῆ</b> (a bad omen) <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ec.</span>792</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Thphr.<span class="title">Char.</span>16.3</span>: [[proverb|prov.]], θύρα δι' ἧς γαλῆ… οὐκ εἰσέρχεται Apollod. Car.<span class="bibl">6</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b3">γ. ἀγρία</b> wild [[ferret]] (found in Africa and Spain, <span class="bibl">Hdt.4.192</span>), <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">HA</span>580b26</span>, Ruf.<span class="title">Fr.</span>79, <span class="bibl">Str.3.2.6</span>; γ. Ταρτησσία Hdt. l.c., <span class="bibl">Diogenian.3.71</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> <b class="b3">γ. ἐνοικίδιος</b> tame [[weasel]], Plu.2.446c; γ. κατοικίδιος <span class="bibl">Philum.<span class="title">Ven.</span>33.1</span>, Dsc.2.25. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">4</span> [[proverb|prov.]], <b class="b3">γαλῆν ἔχεις</b>, of bad luck, <span class="bibl">Diogenian.3.84</span>; <b class="b3">γαλῇ χιτώνιον κροκωτόν</b>, of 'pearls before swine', <span class="bibl">Stratt.71</span>, <span class="bibl">Zen.2.93</span>; <b class="b3">γαλῇ στέαρ</b>, = [[βατράχῳ ὕδωρ]] ([[quod vide|q.v.]]), <span class="bibl">Diogenian.3.83</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> a small [[fish]], distinguished from [[γαλεός]] by <span class="bibl">Ael.<span class="title">NA</span>15.11</span>. (From γαλεyᾱ, Adj. from <b class="b3">*γαλις</b>, cf. Skt. [[girikā]] 'mouse', Lat.[[glīs]].) </span>

|etymtx=γαλῆ<br />Grammatical information: f.<br />Meaning: [[weasel]], [[marten]] (Batr., Ar.); also fish name (Ael.), s. Strömberg Fischnamen 108.<br />Compounds: <b class="b3">γαλε-άγκων</b> (Arist.), also <b class="b3">γαλι-άγκων</b> (Hp.; after the many first members in <b class="b3">-ι</b>: <b class="b3">ἀργι-</b>, <b class="b3">κυδι-</b> etc.; s. below), prop. [[with weaselarms]], i. e. [[with short upperarm]], cf. Solmsen Wortforsch. 225f.; <b class="b3">γαλεό-βδολον</b> n. "weaselstench", [[dead nettle]], substant. bahuvrihi, = [[γαλήοψις]] "weaseleye" (Dsc.); on the names Strömberg Pflanzennamen 138f., Lehmann IF 21, 193 A. 1. Denom. [[γαλιάω]] = [[ἀκολασταίνω]] "ce qui serait sémantiquement satisfaisant"(?) DELG.<br />Derivatives: [[γαλιδεύς]] [[young weasel]] (Crat.), after <b class="b3">λυκ-ιδεύς</b> etc. (Chantr. Form. 364; s. below); [[γαλεώτης]] [[gecko lizard]] (Ar.), [[weasel]] (Luc.); on the formation s. Schwyzer 500; also [[swordfish]] (Plb.), cf. s. [[γαλεός]]. - On [[γαλεός]] s.v.<br />Origin: XX [etym. unknown]<br />Etymology: The formation of [[γαλέη]] shows that the word originally indicated the skin, cf. <b class="b3">ἀλωπεκ-έη</b> etc. (Chantr. Form. 91), cf. Lat. [[galea]] below. The basis is unknown. One compares Lat. [[glīs]] [[dormouse]] and Skt. <b class="b2">giri-</b>, [[girikā]] f. [[mouse]] (lexic.; prob. it did not exist, Mayrhofer EWAia1, 488; <b class="b3">γαλ-ιδεύς</b>, <b class="b3">γαλι-άγκων</b> do not prove a Greek <b class="b3">ι-</b>stem, s. above). <b class="b3">γαλ-</b> could be <b class="b2">*glH-</b>, and Lat. [[glis]] perhaps <b class="b2">*glHi-</b> (Schrijver, Laryngeals 242), but this remains uncertain. [[γαλέη]] must not be IE. On the IE word (*ḱormen-_) see Pok. 573, EIEC 638 - Not to Welsh [[bele]] [[weasel]] (pace Schwyzer 299; cf. W.-Hofmann s. [[fēlēs]]). - The original meaning [[weasel-skin]] in Lat. [[galea]] [[leather helmet]], cf. [[κυνέη]] prop. [[dog-skin]]. - From [[γαλέη]] also Ital. [[galea]], <b class="b2">-ia</b>, Dutch [[galei]] etc., a ship (for its speed); cf. <b class="b3">γαλία εἶδος πλοίου λῃστρικοῦ</b> H.; cf. also Germ. [[Galeere]]; but see H. and R. Kahane, FS Wartburg 1958, 428-439: rather form [[γαλεός]] [[shark]] with the comment of Szemerényi, Gnomon 43 (1971) 663 [[sub verbo|s.v.]] [[γαλέη]]: as Lat. [[galea]] also means [[vessel]], this word could have been used as [[ship]]. Ahrweiler, Byzance et la mer, 414.