τιμή: Difference between revisions

|Definition=ἡ, ([[τίω]], v. ad fin.). <span class="sense"><span class="bld">I</span> [[worship]], [[esteem]], [[honour]], and in plural [[honours]], such as are accorded to gods or to superiors, or bestowed (whether by gods or men) as a reward for services, τιμῆς ἔμμοροί εἰσι <span class="bibl">Od.8.480</span>; ὄφρ' ἂν Ἀχαιοὶ υἱὸν ἐμὸν τίσωσιν ὀφέλλωσίν τέ ἑ τιμῇ <span class="bibl">Il.1.510</span>; ἐκ δὲ Διὸς τιμὴ καὶ κῦδος ὀπηδεῖ <span class="bibl">17.251</span>; ἐν δὲ ἰῇ τ. ἠμὲν κακὸς ἠδὲ καὶ ἐσθλός <span class="bibl">9.319</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">4.410</span>; ἐν τ. σέβειν <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pers.</span>166</span> (troch.); ἐν τ. ἄγεσθαί τινας <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.134</span>; <b class="b3">ἐν τ. τίθεσθαι</b> or <b class="b3">ἄγειν τινά</b>, <span class="bibl">Id.3.3</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>538e</span>; ἐν τιμαῖς ἔχειν <span class="bibl">Philem.199</span>; τιμαῖς αὐξήσας τινάς <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>8.8.24</span>; <b class="b3">τιμὴν νεῖμαι, ἀπονέμειν τινί</b>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span>1062</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>837c</span>; <b class="b3">τοῖς φίλοις τιμὰς νέμειν</b> pay [[due regard]], <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>1351</span>; <b class="b3">τιμὰς ὤπασας, πορών</b>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>30</span>,<span class="bibl">946</span>; διδόναι <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hipp.</span>1424</span>, etc.; ἀποδοῦναι <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>415c</span>; τὸ πρᾶγμ' ἐμοὶ τιμὴν φέρει <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hipp.</span>329</span>; τινὶ τιμὰς προσάπτειν <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>356</span>; ἀφύων τιμὴν περιάψας <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ach.</span>640</span> (anap.); <b class="b3">τ. εὑρίσκεσθαι, δέκεσθαι</b>, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>1.48</span>, <span class="bibl">8.5</span>; τιμὴν παρ' ἀνθρώποις φέρεσθαι <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Av.</span>1278</span>; τιμὰς ἔχειν <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.46</span>, etc.; πρός τινος <span class="bibl">Id.1.120</span>; ἐν μεγάλῃτιμῇ εἶναι <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>2.5.38</span>; <b class="b3">τιμῆς λαχεῖν, τυχεῖν</b>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span>699</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">El.</span>364</span> ([[varia lectio|v.l.]]); <b class="b3">οἱ γεραίτεροι ταῖς τῶν νέων τιμαῖς ἀγάλλονται</b> [[paid to them by]] the young, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Mem.</span>2.1.33</span>: c. gen., <b class="b3">χωρὶς ἡ τ. θεῶν</b> [[the honour due]] to them, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>637</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ch.</span> 200</span>; τιμὰς τὰς θεῶν πατεῖν <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span>745</span>; τιμαὶ δαιμόνων <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hipp.</span>107</span>: [[τιμῇ]] [[with honour]], [[honourably]], <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>381</span> codd.; <b class="b3">τιμῆς ἕνεκα</b> as [[a mark of honour]], <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>7.3.28</span>; τιμῇ προέξουσ' <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span>208</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> [[honour]], [[dignity]], [[lordship]], as the attribute of gods or kings, <span class="bibl">Il.1.278</span>, <span class="bibl">9.498</span>, etc.; θεῶν ἒξ ἔμμορε τιμῆς <span class="bibl">Od.5.335</span>; τ. βασιληΐς <span class="bibl">Il.6.193</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Th.</span>393</span>, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>4.108</span>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Eu.</span>228</span> (pl.); Περσονόμος τ. μεγάλη <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Pers.</span>919</span> (anap.); <b class="b3">δίθρονος . . καὶ δίσκηπτρος τ</b>. <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ag.</span>44</span> (anap.): generally, like [[γέρας]], [[prerogative]] or [[special attribute]] of a king, and in plural his [[prerogatives]], <span class="bibl">Od.1.117</span>, <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Th.</span>203</span>, <span class="bibl">Thgn.374</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>909</span> (lyr.), etc.; <b class="b3">βασιλικαὶ τ</b>. imperial [[prerogatives]], <span class="bibl">Hdn.7.10.5</span>; σκῆπτρον τιμάς τ' ἀποσυλᾶται <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>172</span> (anap.). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> [[a dignity]], [[office]], [[magistracy]], and in plural, [[civic honours]] (τιμὰς λέγομεν εἶναι τὰς ἀρχάς <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pol.</span> 1281a31</span>), <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.59</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">ἔν τε ταῖς ἀρχαῖς καὶ ταῖς ἄλλαις τ</b>. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Ap.</span> 35b</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ti.</span>20a</span>, etc.; μὴ φεύγειν τοὺς πόνους, ἢ μηδὲ τὰς τ. διώκειν <span class="bibl">Th.2.63</span>; τιμὴν ἔχειν <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>1.3.8</span>, etc.; τὴν τιμὴν εἴληχε <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phlb.</span> 61c</span>; <b class="b3">οἱ ἐν τιμαῖς</b> men in [[office]], <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">IA</span>19</span> (anap.), cf. <span class="bibl">Isoc.9.81</span>; ἐκβαλῶ σε ἐκ τῆς τιμῆς <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>1.3.9</span>; <b class="b3">τιμὰς ἴσχειν</b> hold the [[office]] of [[τιμοῦχος]] ([[quod vide|q.v.]]), <span class="title">Jahresh.</span>12.136 (Erythrae, v/iv B.C.): generally, [[office]], [[task]], ἄχαρις τιμή <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.36</span>:—also, </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">b</span> [[a person in authority]], [[an authority]], <b class="b3">κλῦτε δὲ Γᾶ</b> (Ahrens for [[τὰ]]) χθονίων τε τιμαί <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ch.</span>399</span> (lyr.); <b class="b3">καὶ τὰ καρτερώτατα τιμαῖς ὑπείκει</b> yield to [[authorities]], <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span> 670</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">4</span> [[present of honour]], [[compliment]], [[offering]], e.g. to the gods, <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Op.</span>142</span>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pers.</span>622</span>; [[reward]], [[present]], ἢ ἀργύριον ἢ τιμή <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span> 347a</span>; <b class="b3">τιμαὶ καὶ δωρεαί</b> ib.<span class="bibl">361c</span>; ὅσοι . . ἄλλην τινὰ δωρεὰν ἢ τ. ἔχουσιν παρὰ τῶν Λεβεδίων <span class="title">SIG</span>344.22 (Teos, iv B.C.); <b class="b3">τῶν εὐεργεσιῶν τιμὰς</b> φέρονται <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phd.</span>113e</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">5</span> <b class="b3">ἡ Δάου τ</b>. 'the worthy D.', <span class="bibl">Herod. 5.68</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> of things, [[worth]], [[value]], [[price]], h.Cer.132, <span class="title">IG</span>12.349.10, 15, al.; <b class="b3">ἐξευρίσκοντες τιμῆς τὰ κάλλιστα</b> at [[a price]], <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.119</span>; τῆς αὐτῆς τ. πωλεῖν <span class="bibl">Lys.22.12</span>; πρίασθαι <span class="bibl">D.21.149</span>; δεκαπλάσιον τῆς τ. ἀποτίνειν <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>914c</span>; <b class="b3">ἀποδιδόναι τινὶ τὴν τ</b>. ib.a; <b class="b3">δύο εἰπεῖν τ</b>. to name two [[prices]], ib.<span class="bibl">917b</span>; <b class="b3">ἀξιοῦν τι τ. τινός</b> ib.d; περὶ τῆς τ. διαφέρεσθαι <span class="bibl">Lys.22.15</span>; <b class="b3">ἐμοὶ δὲ τιμὰ τᾶσδε πᾷ γενήσεται</b>; <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ach.</span>895</span>; <b class="b3">ἑστηκυῖαι τ</b>. fixed [[prices]], PTeb.703.176 (iii B.C.); <b class="b3">ὑπὲρ τιμῆς πυροῦ</b> payment of money representing the [[value]] of wheat, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ostr.</span>663</span> (ii A.D.), al. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> [[valuation]], [[estimate]], for purposes of assessment, τοῦ κλήρου <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>744e</span>: generally, ὁ πλοῦτος οἷον τιμή τις τῆς ἀξίας τῶν ἄλλων <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Rh.</span>1391a1</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">III</span> [[compensation]], [[satisfaction]], [[penalty]], τιμὴν ἀρνύμενοι Μενελάῳ . . πρὸς Τρώων <span class="bibl">Il.1.159</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">5.552</span>; <b class="b3">ἀποτινέμεν, τίνειν τιμήν τινι</b>, pay or make [[it]], <span class="bibl">3.286</span>,<span class="bibl">288</span>; τιμὴν ἄγειν <span class="bibl">Od.22.57</span>; Πάτροκλον, ὃς κεῖται ἐμῆς ἕνεκ' ἐνθάδε τιμῆς <span class="bibl">Il.17.92</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Od.14.70</span>,<span class="bibl">117</span>; <b class="b3">οὐ σὴ . . ἡ τ</b>. the [[penalty]] is not yours, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Grg.</span>497b</span>. (The spelling [<b class="b3">τῑ-</b> not τει- <span class="title">IG</span>12.347.33, etc.] and the majority of the senses show that [[τιμή]] is cogn. with [[τίω]] 'value, honour'; sense 111 perhaps arose from a later association with [[τίνω]].)</span>

|ftr='''τιμή''': {timḗ}<br />'''Forms''': dor. -ά<br />'''Grammar''': f.<br />'''Meaning''': [[Schätzung]], [[Preis]], [[Wert]], [[Ehre]], [[Ehrenamt]] (seit Il.); [[Entschädigung]], [[Buße]], [[Strafe]] (Hom.; vgl. Adkins Bull. Inst. Class. Stud. 7,23ff.).<br />'''Composita''' : Viele Kompp., z.B.[[τιμωρός]] (s.bes.), [[ἄτιμος]] [[ehrlos]], [[rechtslos]], [[verachtet]] (seit Il.), selten [[ohne Entschädigung]] (π 431), [[ungestraft]], [[ungerächt]] (A., Pl.), mit [[ἀτιμία]], -ίη f. [[Ehrlosigkeit]], [[Entehrung]] (seit ν 142), -άω [[entehren]], [[mißachten]] (ep. poet. seit Il., auch ep. Prosa), -άζω (seit Il.), -ωθῆναι, -ῶσαι, -όομαι, -όω [[entehrt]], [[geächtet werden]], bzw. [[entehren]], [[ächten]] (ion. att.), wozu [[ἀτίμητος]], [[ἀτιμαστήρ]], -ωσις u.a.m.<br />'''Derivative''': Ableitungen. 1. [[τίμιος]] [[geschätzt]], [[geehrt]], [[wertvoll]], [[kostbar]] (seit κ 38; vgl. zu [[τῖμος]] unten) mit -ιότης, -ιόομαι; als Vorderglied in [[τιμιώρα]] f. [[teuere Zeit]], [[Teuerung]] (hell. u. sp. Inschr. u. Pap.). 2. -ήεις, ep. -ῆς, dor. -άεις, pamph. -άϝεσα (f.) [[geschätzt]], [[geehrt]] (Hom., Pi. usw.). 3. -αῖος [[hochgeschätzt]] (Diokl. Kom.), PN Τίμαιος. 4. -ίλος [[ehrenwert]] (kypr.; wie ὀργ- ίλος, Kretschmer Glotta 4, 317). 5. -ίδαι m. pl. [[Kampfordner]] (ark.kypr.; Fraenkel Nom.ag.2,20, Kretschmera.O.). 6. Denominatives Verb [[τιμάω]], oft m. ἐπι-, προ-, ἀπο-, ἐν-, ἐκ- u.a., [[schätzen]], [[würdigen]], [[ehren]], [[abschätzen]] (seit Il.) mit [[τίμημα]], -ησις, dor. -ασις, ark. -ασία (Chantraine Form. 84), -ητής, böot. -ατάς, -ητήρ, -ητήριος, -ητικός, -ητεύω, -ητεία; von den präfigierten Verba z.B. [[ἐπιτίμησις]] f. [[Vorwurf]], [[Tadel]], -ημα -ητής u.a. Von [[τιμάω]] (und von [[τίμιος]]?) noch als Rückbildung (Schwyzer 492; anders Porzig Satzinhalte 283 f.) [[τῖμος]] m. [[Wert]], [[Preis]] (Archil., Herod., A., ''Kom''. ''Adesp''., sp. Prosa) mit [[τιμοῦς]] (< -όεις) in τιμοῦντας· τιμίους ὄντας H., τιμούστερος (Olbia III^a; Schwyzer 535); τετίμο̄νται (Elis) von [[τιμόω]], das sich nicht nur als Denominativ von [[τῖμος]] (Schwyzer 727), sondern auch als Analogiebildung zu [[ἀτιμόω]] erklären läßt. — Dazu eine Fülle von PN sowohl zweigliedrige wie Kurznamen, z.B. Τιμα-, Τιμη-, Τιμο-, Τιμησικράτης, Ἐργότιμος, Τίμαιος, Τίμων usw. usw.<br />'''Etymology''' : Zur Bed. usw. von [[τιμή]] s. Lit. zu [[εὔχομαι]] und [[ποινή]], außerdem Greindl RhM 89, 223ff., Pötscher WienStud. 73, 35ff., Mohrmann Sprachgesch. u. Wortbed. 321 ff. — Zu [[τίω]]; s.d.<br />'''Page''' 2,901