κακός: Difference between revisions

|etymtx=Grammatical information: adj.<br />Meaning: [[bad]], [[awful]], [[worthless]] (Il.).<br />Compounds: Often as 1. member (opposion to [[εὖ]]); also as 2. member, e. g. <b class="b3">ἄ-κακος</b> <b class="b2">who does not know what is bad, unguilty</b> (bahuvrihi; Sapph., A.); also <b class="b3">ἀ-κάκας</b> (Dor.) adjunct of Hades (Megara), of Dareios (A. Pers. 855 [lyr.]), cf. Chantraine Formation 28 (hardly correct Fraenkel Nom. ag. 2, 187 n. 2).<br />Derivatives: . Comp forms: [[κακώτερος]] (Il.), [[κακίων]], [[κάκιστος]] (Il.; after [[ἄριστος]], Seiler 100f.; s. also Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 259). Abstracts: 1. [[κακότης]] [[badness]] (Il.); 2. [[κακία]] <b class="b2">id.</b> (Thgn., Att.; on [[κακότης]] : [[κακία]] Porzig Satzinhalte 212); 3. [[κάκη]] [[bad character]], [[cowardice]] (A., E.); after [[πάθη]], [[βλάβη]], cf. Frisk Eranos 43, 221; as 2. member in <b class="b3">στομα-κάκη</b> a disease of mouth and teeth (Str., Plin.). - Denomin. verbs. 1. [[κακίζω]] [[revile]], <b class="b3">-ίζομαι</b> [[behave badly]], [[be coward]] (Il.) with [[κακισμός]] (Phld., Str.), [[κάκισις]] (Vett. Val.) [[scorn]]; 2. [[κακόω]] <b class="b2">do wrong, damage,</b> (Il.) with [[κάκωσις]] [[maltreat]], [[damage]] (IA.), [[κακωτής]] [[damager]], [[κακωτικός]] [[damaging]], [[harmful]] (Ph., Vett. Val.); 3. [[κακύνομαι]], <b class="b3">-ύνω</b> [[prove bad]], [[cowardly]], [[damage]] (E., Pl.; Schwyzer 733).<br />Origin: XX [etym. unknown] (PGX)<br />Etymology: No clear etymology, originally no doubt an expressive word of the (lower) popular language. Often compared with [[κακκάω]] (Prellwitz, Güntert Reimwortbildungen 83); even less probable or quite impossible proposals in Bq; see Scheftelowitz ZII 6, 119. - New Phryg. <b class="b3">κακο(υ)ν</b> is a Greek LW [loanword], Solmsen KZ 34, 52 n. 4, Hirt Idg. 2, 596; diff. Meillet MSL 15, 340. Is it Pre-Greek?