σπεῖρα: Difference between revisions

|etymtx=Grammatical information: f.<br />Meaning: <b class="b2">twist, for instance of a snake, of a network, spiral</b>, des. of everal wound or cicular objetcs, e.g. <b class="b2">rope, belt, bead, round base of a pillar</b> (Ion. poet., also hell. a. late prose; [[varia lectio|v.l.]] ζ 269); also as military term = Lat. [[manipulus]] (hell.; on the explanation [prop. [[bundle]]] Debrunner IF 48, 244), later = [[cohors]] (inscr. a. pap., Act. Ap. a.o.).<br />Compounds: Some compp., e.g. <b class="b3">σπειρο-κέφαλον</b> n. [[base and capital of a column]], <b class="b3">ὑπό-σπειρον</b> n. "what lies under the round base", <b class="b2">square slab, πλίνθος</b> (inscr.).<br />Derivatives: 1. <b class="b3">σπειρ-ίον</b> n. [[little column base]] (Hero); 2. <b class="b3">-ικός</b> <b class="b2">belonging to a σ.</b> (Hero); 3. <b class="b3">-ίτης</b> (sc. [[λίθος]]) [[stone for a column base]] (inscr. Didyma; Redard 64 w. n. 26, with other interpretation); 4. <b class="b3">-αία</b> f. [[privet]] (Thphr.; from the form of the inflorescence); 5. <b class="b3">-ηδόν</b> [[in convolutions]], [[in a circle]] (Opp., AP). 6. denom. verb <b class="b3">σπειρ-άομαι</b>, also w. <b class="b3">περι-</b> a. o., [[to convolve]] (hell. a. late), older <b class="b3">συ-σπειράομαι</b> [[to wind]], [[to pull together]] (Pl., X., Arist. a. o.), also act. <b class="b3">συ-</b>, <b class="b3">περι-σπειράω</b> [[to wind]], [[to pull together]] (hell. pap., D.S. a.o.); from this <b class="b3">σπείρ-αμα</b>, Ion. <b class="b3">-ημα</b> n. <b class="b2">twist, for instance of a snake, band etc.</b> (A., Arist., Nic. a.o.; also enlarged from [[σπεῖρα]]? Chantraine Form. 184). 7. Also (<b class="b3">συ-</b>) [[σπειρόομαι]] <b class="b2">to wind (together)</b> (Hp., Thphr.), act. aor. [[σπειρῶσαι]] [[to swathe]] (Call.; from [[σπεῖρον]]?).<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European]X [probably] [991] <b class="b2">*sper-</b> [[turn]], [[wind]]<br />Etymology: Like [[πεῖρα]], [[στεῖρα]], [[μοῖρα]] feminine <b class="b3">ια-</b>derivation; whether first from a noun or verb, cannot be decided (cf. Schwyzer 474, Chantraine Form. 98 f.). Finally in any case from the same verb [[wind]], [[twine]], which is seen in [[σπάρτον]], [[σπεῖρον]] and [[σπάργανον]](?). The primary verb was replaced partly by the secondary [[σπειράομαι]], [[σπαργανόω]], partly by other verbs like [[εἰλέω]], [[εἰλύω]].