κείρω: Difference between revisions

|etymtx=Grammatical information: v.<br />Meaning: <b class="b2">cut (off), shave, especially of hair, mow off, cut down, ravage</b> (Il.).<br />Other forms: Aor. [[κεῖραι]], ep. also [[κέρσαι]], pass. [[καρῆναι]] ([[καρθέντες]] with [[varia lectio|v.l.]] [[κερθέντες]] Pi. P. 4, 82), fut. [[κερέω]], [[κερῶ]], perf. pass. [[κέκαρμαι]], new act. [[κέκαρκα]] (hell.),<br />Compounds: often with prefix, e. g. <b class="b3">ἀπο-</b>, <b class="b3">δια-</b>, <b class="b3">περι-</b>. Comp. <b class="b3">ἀ-κερσε-κόμης</b> [[with uncut hair]] (Υ 39), also <b class="b3">ἀ-κειρε-κόμας</b>, <b class="b3">-ης</b> (Pi.); on the form Schwyzer 442, on the meaning Fink Philol. 93, 404ff.<br />Derivatives: 1. [[κέρμα]] n. <b class="b2">cut off piece, esp. small piece of money, change</b> (Emp. 101, 1 [not quite certain], Com., hell.) with [[κερμάτιον]] (hell.) and [[κερματίζω]] [[change in small money]] (Att., Arist.); from it [[κερματιστής]] [[money-changer]] (Ev. Jo. 2. 14), [[κερματισμός]] [[cut into little bits]] (Olymp.); [[κερματόομαι]] = <b class="b3">-ίζομαι</b> (Procl.). - 2. [[κορμός]] m. [[cut off piece]], [[bobbin]], [[trunk]] (ψ 196) with [[κορμίον]] (hell.), [[κορμηδόν]] [[in pieces]] (Hld.), [[κορμάζω]] [[saw into pieces]] (D. H.). - 3. [[κουρα]] s. v. 4. [[καρτός]] s. v. - Cf. also [[κόρση]], [[κόρις]], [[κέρτομος]], 2. [[κέλωρ]].<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [938] <b class="b2">*ker-</b> [[cut]]<br />Etymology: [[κείρω]] from <b class="b3">*κερ-ι̯ω</b> (Schwyzer 715, 751, 759), belongs to a widespread IE. wordgroup; but exact agreements of the Greek verb forms. Nearest is Arm. k[[erem]] [[scratch]], [[shave]] (sec. aorist k<b class="b2">ere-c̣i</b>; diff. Meillet BSL 37, 12), Alb. [[sh-kjer]] [[tear apart]] (pret. >[[sh-kora]] < IE. <b class="b2">*kēr-</b>); further Hitt. [[karšmi]] [[cut off]] (with <b class="b2">s-</b>enlargement as in [[κουρά]]; s. v.). Frequent are forms with initial <b class="b2">*sk-</b>: Germ., OHG [[sceran]] [[scheren]], Lith. <b class="b2">skiriù</b>, <b class="b2">skìrti</b> [[separate]], OIr. <b class="b2">scar(a)im</b> [[separate]]. A <b class="b2">t-</b>enlargement in Skt. <b class="b2">kr̥-n-t-áti</b> [[separates]] (infixed nasal present; perf. <b class="b2">ca-kart-a</b>); this would be possible for the aorist [[ἔκερσα]] (if < <b class="b3">*ἔ-κερτ-σα</b>, Risch 219). - The number of nominal derivv. in the separate languages is enormous, partly parallel innoavtions. Thus formal agreement exists between [[κέρμα]] and Skt. <b class="b2">cárman-</b>, Av. <b class="b2">čarǝman-</b> n. [[skin]], [[hide]], OPr. [[kērmens]] m. [[body]] (IE. <b class="b2">*kér-men-</b>); diff. only in ablaut betwen [[κορμός]] and OCS [[krъma]] f. [[steering oar]], [[back part of the ship]], Russ. <b class="b2">kormá</b> [[puppis]]. - Further Pok. 938ff., W.-Hofmann s. [[carō]], [[cēna]], [[corium]].