σέβομαι: Difference between revisions

|etymtx=Grammatical information: v.<br />Meaning: <b class="b2">to shy from smth., to feel ashamed</b>, posthom. [[to be in awe]], [[to honour]], esp. as regards the gods (Δ 242).<br />Other forms: also [[σέβω]] (Pi., trag., rarely in prose; cf. Schw.-Debrunner 234), nonpres. forms quite rare: aor. pass. [[σεφθῆναι]] (S. Fr. 164, Pl. Phdr. 254b), fut. [[σεβήσομαι]] (pap. IIp).<br />Compounds: Rarely with <b class="b3">προσ-</b>, <b class="b3">ἀντι-</b>.<br />Derivatives: A. [[σέβας]] n. (only nom. a. acc.; pl. [[σέβη]] A. Supp. 755) <b class="b2">(sacred) awe, amazement, worship, object of awe, of worship</b> (ep. poet. Il.); after [[γέρας]]? (cf. Chantraine Form. 422; s. also on [[σεμνός]]); as 2. member, after the <b class="b3">εσ-</b>stems, <b class="b3">-σεβής</b> (Schwyzer 514; aslo relation to [[σέβομαι]] is possible), s.g. <b class="b3">εὑ-σεβής</b> [[God-fearing]], [[pious]] (Thgn., Pi. etc.) with <b class="b3">εὑσέβ-εια</b>, <b class="b3">-έω</b>, <b class="b3">-ημα</b>; after this and after [[ἀσέβημα]] the simplex [[σέβημα]] n. [[worship]] (Orph.). From [[σέβας]]: 1. the aorist [[σεβάσσατο]] (Il.), to which [[σεβάζομαι]], [[σεβασθῆναι]] (late) = [[σέβομαι]]. From this a. [[σεβάσεις]] pl. [[deferences]] (Epicur.); b. <b class="b3">-σμα</b> n. [[object of worship]], [[shrine]] (D. H., NT etc.); c. <b class="b3">-σμός</b> m. [[worship]] (hell. a. late) with <b class="b3">-σμιος</b>, <b class="b3">-σμιότης</b>; d. <b class="b3">-στός</b> [[venerable]], [[reverend]], [[elevated]], = Lat. Augustus (D. H., Str. etc.; also to [[σέβας]]) with <b class="b3">-στιος</b>, <b class="b3">-στικός</b>, <b class="b3">-στεύω</b>, <b class="b3">-στεῖον</b>. 2. [[σεβίζομαι]], <b class="b3">-ίζω</b> = <b class="b3">σέβο-μαι</b> (Pi., trag. a.o.; can also be enlargement of [[σέβομαι]]) with <b class="b3">-ισμα</b> n. (sch.). -- B. Verbal adj. [[σεπτός]] [[venerable]] (A. Pr. 812, late prose), mostly comp., <b class="b3">ἄ-</b>, <b class="b3">περί-</b>, <b class="b3">θεό-σεπτος</b> a.o. (trag. a.o.); <b class="b3">σεπτ-ικός</b>, <b class="b3">-εύω</b> H. C. nom. ag. <b class="b3">θεο-σέπτωρ</b> m. [[worshiper of gods]] (E. Hipp. 1364 [anap.]; Fraenkel Nom. ag. 2, 28). D. <b class="b3">σέβερος εὑσεβής</b>, <b class="b3">δίκαιος</b> H. -- On [[σεμνός]] and [[σοβέω]] s. v.<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [1086] <b class="b2">*ti̯egʷ-</b> <b class="b2">have respcct for smb.</b><br />Etymology: Phonetically possible, but at least at first sight semant. not very convincing is the connection with Skt. [[tyajati]] [[desert]], [[leave alone]], [[abandon]] (Brugmann IF 25, 301 ff., WP. 1, 746, Pok. 1086). The causative [[σοβέω]] (s. v.) points for [[σέβομαι]] to an orig. meaning [[run away]], [[flee]] v. t.; from this <b class="b2">(schameful) redress for sth., yield</b>? Doubts by Mayrhofer [[sub verbo|s.v.]] (w. lit.); agreement by v. Erffa [[Αἰδώς]] (Phil. Supp. 30: 2) 27 f. The equation of [[σεπτός]] with <b class="b2">tyaktá-</b>, of <b class="b3">θεο-σέπτωρ</b> with <b class="b2">tyaktar-</b>, to which also the <b class="b2">s-</b>stems [[σέβας]]: <b class="b2">tyajas-</b> (Porzig Satzinhalte 301), is without impostance for the etymology, as it could be monolingual innovations. Acc. to v. Windekens Orbis 14, 117 here also Toch. AB <b class="b2">yäk-</b> <b class="b2">negligent, careless, be c.</b>; doubtable.