ἡγέομαι: Difference between revisions

|Definition=Dor. [[ἁγέομαι]] (irreg. pres. part. <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> [[ἁγώμενος]] <span class="title">Hymn.Curet.</span>4), impf. [[ἡγούμην]] ll.12.28, etc., Ion. -εύμην <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.115</span>, ἡγέοντο <span class="bibl">Id.9.15</span>: fut. ἡγήσομαι <span class="bibl">Il.14.374</span>, etc.: aor. 1 ἡγησάμην <span class="bibl">Od.14.48</span>, etc.: aor. 1 [[ἡγήθην]] in pass. sense, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PGiss.</span>48.20</span> (iii A.D.) (cf. <b class="b3">περιηγ-</b>): pf. ἥγημαι <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.126</span>, <span class="bibl">2.115</span>, ἅγημαι <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>4.248</span>:—[[go before]], [[lead the way]], ὣς εἰπὼν ἡγεῖθ', ἡ δ' ἕσπετο Παλλὰς 'Αθήνη <span class="bibl">Od.1.125</span>; ἂν πάϊς ἡγήσαιτο νήπιος <span class="bibl">6.300</span>, etc.; πρόσθεν δὲ . . Ἶρις ἡγεῖτ' <span class="bibl">Il.24.96</span>; ἡγοῦ πάροιθε <span class="bibl">E. <span class="title">Ph.</span>834</span>; ἡ. ἐπὶ νῆα <span class="bibl">Od.13.65</span>; ἐς τεῖχος <span class="bibl">Il.20.144</span>; κλισίηνδε <span class="bibl">Od.14</span>. <span class="bibl">48</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.93</span>, etc.; ἡγησόμενος οὐδεὶς ἔσται <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>2.4.5</span>: Astron., [[precede]] in the [[daily]] [[movement]], <span class="bibl">Autol.2.3</span>, al. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">b</span> c. dat. pers., Τρωσὶ ποτὶ πτόλιν ἡγήσασθαι <span class="bibl">Il.22.101</span>; ἐκ Δουλιχίου . . ἡγεῖτο μνηστῆρσι <span class="bibl">Od.16.397</span>; οἱ γὰρ βλέποντες τοῖς τυφλοῖς ἡγούμεθα <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Pl.</span>15</span>; ἡ. τοῖς πολίταις πρὸς ἀρετήν <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Ages.</span>10.2</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">c</span> with [[ὁδόν]] added, <b class="b3">ὁδὸν ἡγήσασθαι</b> to [[go before]] on the [[way]], <span class="bibl">Od.10.263</span>; ἡ. τινὶ τὴν ὁδόν <span class="bibl">Hdt.9.15</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">d</span> c. acc. loci, <b class="b3">ἥ οἱ . . πόλιν ἡγήσαιτο</b> who [[might guide]] him to the city, <span class="bibl">Od.6.114</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">7.22</span>, <span class="bibl">15.82</span>; ἡ. βωμοὺς ἀστικούς <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Supp.</span>501</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">e</span> <b class="b3">ἅρματα ἡ</b>. [[drive]] [[chariot]]s, <span class="bibl">Philostr.<span class="title">Im.</span>2.23</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">f</span> of [[logical]] [[priority]], to [[be antecedent]], opp. [[ἕπεσθαι]], <span class="title">Stoic.</span>2.71, 88, <span class="bibl">S.E. <span class="title">M.</span>8.110</span>, al., <span class="bibl">Dam.<span class="title">Pr.</span>241</span>, <span class="bibl">Phlp.<span class="title">in GC</span>195.13</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">in Ph.</span>496.14</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">g</span> [[ἡγούμενον]], [[τό]], the [[leading principle]], the [[main thing]], <span class="bibl">Ph.<span class="title">Bel.</span>63.14</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Sosip.1.47</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> c. dat. pers. et gen. rei, to [[be]] one's [[leader]] in a thing, θεῖος ἀοιδὸς . . ἡμῖν ἡγείσθω . . ὀρχηθμοῖο <span class="bibl">Od.23.134</span>; <b class="b3">ἡ. τινὶ σοφίας, ᾠδῆς</b>, Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>l.c., Pl.<span class="title">Alc.</span>1.125d; ἀλήθεια δὴ πάντων μὲν ἀγαθῶν θεοῖς ἡγεῖται πάντων δὲ ἀνθρώποις <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Lg.</span>730c</span>; ἡ. τοῦ χοροῦ Πέρσαις <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>8.7.1</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Call.<span class="title">Del.</span>313</span>: c. gen. rei, <b class="b3">ἁ. νόμων</b> to [[lead]] the [[song]], <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">N.</span>5.25</span>; φρόνησις ἡ. τοῦ ὀρθῶς πράττειν <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Men.</span>97c</span>; ἡ. παντὸς καὶ λόγου καὶ ἔργου <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Mem.</span>2.3.15</span>: also, τὸ ὀρθῶς τοῖς τοιούτοις χρῆσθαι ἐπιστήμη ἦν ἡγουμένη <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Euthd.</span>281a</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> c. dat. rei, to [[be leader]] in . ., <b class="b3">κερδοσύνῃ, νηπιέῃσι ἡ. τινί</b>, <span class="bibl">Il.22.247</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.24.469</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">4</span> c. acc. rei, [[lead]], [[conduct]], ἡ. τὰς πομπάς <span class="bibl">D.21.174</span>; <b class="b3">τὴν ἀποδημίαν</b> ([[varia lectio|v.l.]] for [[ᾐτήσατο]]) <span class="bibl">Dinon 7</span>; τὰς τύχας <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Supp.</span>226</span>: with adverbial acc., ἡ γλῶσσα πάνθ' ἡγουμένη <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span>99</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">5</span> part. [[ἡγούμενος]], [[η]], [[ον]], as adjective, <b class="b3">σκέλη ἡγούμενα</b>, opp. [[ἑπόμενα]], the [[front]] [[leg]]s, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">IA</span>713b6</span>; <b class="b3">ὁ ἡ. πούς</b> the [[advanced]] [[foot]], <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Fr.</span>74</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> [[lead]], [[command]] in war, c. dat., νῆες θοαί, ᾗσιν 'Αχιλλεὺς ἐς Τροίην ἡγεῖτο <span class="bibl">Il.16.169</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Od.14.238</span>; <b class="b3">οὐ γὰρ ἔην ὅς τίς σφιν ἐπὶ στίχας ἡγήσαιτο</b> [[might]] [[lead]] them to their ranks, <span class="bibl">Il.2.687</span>; ἡ. Τρώεσσιν ἐς Ἴλιον <span class="bibl">5.211</span>; ἡ. Μῄοσιν <span class="bibl">2.864</span>; λόγχαισιν <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ba.</span>1360</span>; ἑτέροις <span class="bibl">Lys. 31.17</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>5.2.6</span>; ἐν ταῖς στρατείαις, αἷς ἡγεῖται βασιλεύς <span class="bibl">Isoc. 12.180</span>: also generally, πόλει <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Fr.</span>282.24</span>; but usually c. gen., Σαρπηδὼν δ' ἡγήσατ' . . ἐπικούρων <span class="bibl">Il.12.101</span>; ἡγήσατο λαῶν <span class="bibl">15.311</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">2.567</span>, al.; ἡ. τῆς ἐξόδου <span class="bibl">Th.2.10</span>; ἡγούμενος τῶν ἡδονῶν ἀλλ' οὐκ ἀγόμενος ὑπ' αὐτῶν <span class="bibl">Isoc.9.45</span>: abs., to [[be in command]], <span class="bibl">Id.16.21</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> [[rule]], [[have dominion]], c. gen., <b class="b3">τῆς 'Ασίης, τῆς συμμαχίης</b>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.95</span>, <span class="bibl">7.148</span>; οἱ Θεσσαλίης ἡγεόμενοι <span class="bibl">Id.9.1</span>: abs., <b class="b3">οἱ ἡγούμενοι</b> [[the rulers]], <span class="bibl">S. <span class="title">Ph.</span>386</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>1363</span>; ἡ. ἐν τοῖς ἀδελφοῖς [[leading men]], Act.Ap. 15.22; <b class="b3">ἡ. σχολῆς</b> to [[be the head]] of a [[philosophical]] [[school]], Phld.<span class="title">Acad. Ind.</span>p.107 M., al. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> as official title, [[ἡγούμενος]], [[ὁ]], [[president]], συνόδου <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PGrenf.</span>2.67.3</span> (iii A.D.); [[γερδίων]] ib.<span class="bibl">43.9</span> (i A.D.); ἱερέων <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PLond.</span> 2.281.2</span> (i A.D.): abs., <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PFay.</span>110.26</span> (i A.D.). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">b</span> of Roman governors, <b class="b3">ἡ. ἔθνους</b>,= Lat. [[praeses provinciae]], POxy.1020.5 (ii/iii A.D.); ἡ. τῆς Γαλατίας <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Alex.</span>44</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">c</span> of subordinate [[officials]], ἡ. τοῦ στρατηγοῦ <span class="bibl"><span class="title">POxy.</span>294.19</span> (i A.D.); κώμης <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PRyl.</span>125.3</span> (i A.D.). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">d</span> [[abbot]], <span class="bibl">Just.<span class="title">Nov.</span>7.1</span>, al.: fem. [[ἡγουμένη]] = [[abbess]], ibid. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">4</span> [[ἡγούμενος]] as adjective, [[principal]], πυλών <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PFlor.</span>382.15</span> (iii A.D.), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">POxy.</span>55.9</span> (iii A.D.). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">III</span> post-Hom., [[believe]], [[hold]], Hdt. (usu. in pf. [[ἥγημαι]], 3pl. [[ἡγέαται]]), etc.; ἡ. τι εἶναι <span class="bibl">Id.1.126</span>, al.; ἡγεῖσθε δὲ [θεοὺς] βλέπειν . . πρὸς τὸν εὐσεβῆ βροτῶν <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>278</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Th.2.89</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Nu.</span>1020</span> (lyr.), etc. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> with an attributive word added, <b class="b3">ἡ. τινὰ βασιλέα</b> [[hold]] or [[regard]] as king, <span class="bibl">Hdt.6.52</span>; μηδ' αὐθαδίαν εὐβουλίας ἀμείνον' ἡγήσῃ ποτέ <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>1035</span>; ἅπαντας ἐχθροὺς τῶν θεῶν ἡγοῦ πλέον <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ch.</span>902</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">905</span>; <b class="b3">ἡ. τἄλλα πάντα δεύτερα</b> [[to hold]] everything else secondary, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span>1442</span>; <b class="b3">οὐκ αἰσχρὸν ἡγῇ . . τὰ ψευδῆ λέγειν</b>; ib.<span class="bibl">108</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ant.</span>1167</span>; τὰς τούτων ἀπορίας ἀντιπάλους ἡ. τῷ ἡμετέρῳ πλήθει <span class="bibl">Th.4.10</span>; περὶ πολλοῦ ἥγημαι μὴ [[ξεινοκτονέω|ξεινοκτονέειν]] <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.115</span>; περὶ πλείονος <span class="bibl">Isoc.19.10</span>; περὶ πλείστου <span class="bibl">Th.2.89</span>; περὶ οὐδενός <span class="bibl">Lys.7.26</span>; <b class="b3">παρ' οὐδέν</b> Decr. ap. <span class="bibl">D.18.164</span>: c. part., πᾶν κέρδος ἡγοῦ ζημιουμένη φυγῇ <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Med.</span>454</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> especially of belief in gods, τὴν μεγίστην δαίμονα ἥγηνται εἶναι <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.40</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">3.8</span>; <b class="b3">ἡ. θεούς</b> to [[believe in]] [[god]]s, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Eq.</span>32</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hec.</span>800</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ba.</span>1326</span>; δαίμονας ἡ. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Ap.</span>27d</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">4</span> [[ἡγοῦμαι δεῖν]] = [[think fit]], [[deem necessary]], c. inf., <span class="bibl">And.1.23</span>, <span class="bibl">D.1.20</span>: without <b class="b3">δεῖν, παθεῖν μᾶλλον ἡγησάμενοι ἤ</b> . . <span class="bibl">Th.2.42</span> ([[si vera lectio|s.v.l.]]); ἡγησάμην διατάγματι αὐτοὺς σωφρονίσαι <span class="title">Inscr.Magn.</span>114 (ii A.D.); ἡγήσατο ἐπαινέσαι <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Prt.</span>346b</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">IV</span> pf. in pass. sense, <b class="b3">τὰ ἁγημένα</b>,= <b class="b3">τὰ νομιζόμενα</b>, Orac. ap. <span class="bibl">D.43.66</span>; [[ἡγεόμενον]] [[being led]], <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.14</span> ([[ἀγόμενον]] Dind.): hence act. form [[ἡγέω]], Hdn.Gr.<span class="bibl">2.950</span>. (<b class="b2">sāg-</b>, cf. Lat. [[praesagio]].) </span>

|etymtx=Grammatical information: v.<br />Meaning: [[lead]], [[go ahead]], posthom. also [[think]], [[believe]];<br />Other forms: Dor. <b class="b3">ἁγ-</b>, aor. [[ἡγήσασθαι]], fut. [[ἡγήσομαι]] (Il.), perf. [[ἥγημαι]], <b class="b3">ἅγ-</b> (Hdt., Pi.), aor. pass. [[ἡγήθην]] (Pl. Lg. 770b)<br />Compounds: very often with prefix in different meanings, <b class="b3">δι-</b>, <b class="b3">εἰσ-</b>, <b class="b3">ἐξ-</b>, <b class="b3">καθ-</b>, <b class="b3">περι-</b>, <b class="b3">ὑφ-</b> etc. As 1. member in governing compp., e. g. `Ηγησί-λεως, Ἀγησί-λαος (Hdt.; also as appellative) - Also <b class="b3">ἡγέ-ομαι</b> as 2. member in formations in <b class="b3">-της</b>, e. g. <b class="b3">κυν-ηγέτης</b> <b class="b2">"leader of dogs"</b>, [[hunter]] (Od.), <b class="b3">ἀρχ-ηγέτης</b>, f. <b class="b3">-τις</b> [[who has the power]], [[originator]] (Hdt.), partly beside <b class="b3">-ηγός</b> and connected with [[ἄγω]], s. Chantraine Et. sur le vocab. gr. 88ff., Sommer 12 w. n. 1. Another compound with <b class="b3">σ-</b>stem is <b class="b3">περι-ηγής</b> [[forming a circle]] (Emp., A. R.).<br />Derivatives: Many derivv., also from the compp. (Dor. forms not sep. noted). Nomina actionis: 1.[[ἥγησις]] [[leading]] (LXX), older and more usual <b class="b3">εἰσ-</b>, <b class="b3">ἐξ-</b>, <b class="b3">δι-</b>, <b class="b3">περι-</b>, <b class="b3">ὑφ-ήγησις</b> etc. (cf. Holt Les noms d'action en <b class="b3">-σις</b>, s. index); . 2. [[ἥγημα]] [[leading]], [[opinion]] (LXX, Pergamon), older and more usual <b class="b3">ἀφ-</b>, <b class="b3">εἰσ-ήγημα</b> etc. with <b class="b3">-ηγημάτιον</b>, <b class="b3">-ηγηματικός</b>. Nomina agentis: 3. [[ἡγεμών]], <b class="b3">-όνος</b> m. [[leader]] (Il.; on the formation Schwyzer 522, Fraenkel Glotta 32, 25f,; also from the compp., e. g. [[καθηγεμών]]) with [[ἡγεμονεύω]] [[lead]], [[rule]] (Il.; like [[βασιλεύω]]), rarely <b class="b3">-έω</b> (Pl.; cf. Fraenkel Denom. 184f., Schwyzer 732), <b class="b3">ἡγεμον-ία</b>, <b class="b3">ἡγεμόνευ-μα</b>, <b class="b3">ἡγεμον-ικός</b> a. o.; fem. [[ἡγεμόνη]] surname of Artemis a. o. (Call.; Schwyzer 490 n. 4, Sommer Nominalkomp. 145). 4. `[[Ηγήμων]] Att. PN (cf. [[ἥγημα]]). 5. [[ἡγήτωρ]], <b class="b3">-ορος</b> m. `id.' (Il.), [[Ἀγήτωρ]] surname of Zeus in Sparta (X.), also name of the Aphrodite-priests in Cyprus (E. Kretschmer Glotta 18, 87). 6. [[ἡγητήρ]], <b class="b3">-ῆρος</b> m. <b class="b2">id.</b> (Pi., S.; also <b class="b3">ὑφ-</b>, <b class="b3">προ-</b>, <b class="b3">καθ-ηγητήρ</b> [trag.]) with (<b class="b3">προ-)ἡγήτειρα</b> (A. R.), <b class="b3">-τήριος</b> (Ath.). 7. [[ἡγητής]] <b class="b2">id.</b> (A. Supp. 239), usually <b class="b3">εἰσ-</b>, <b class="b3">ἐξ-</b>, <b class="b3">δι-</b>, <b class="b3">καθ-</b>, <b class="b3">προ-ηγητής</b> (IA); on semantic differentiation of [[ἡγήτωρ]], <b class="b3">-ητήρ</b> Benveniste Noms d'agent 46; on [[ἡγητής]] Fraenkel Nom. ag. 2, 13. Adj. 8. (<b class="b3">ἐξ-</b>, <b class="b3">δι-</b> etc.) [[ἡγητικός]] (hell.). - On [[ἡγηλάζω]] s. v.<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [876] <b class="b2">*seh₂g-</b> [[trace]]<br />Etymology: Iterative present [[ἡγέομαι]], [[ἁγέομαι]], from which all other forms were derived, has a close correspondence in the yot-presents Lat. [[sāgio]] [[trace]], [[track down]] = Germ., e. g. Goth. [[sokjan]] [[search]], [[attack]] (the latter could also be from <b class="b2">*sāgeio</b>/<b class="b2">e-</b>). From WestIE. one adduces OIr. [[saigim]], <b class="b2">-id</b> [[trace something]], [[search]], prob a yot-present (from <b class="b2">*sh₂g-</b>), s. Thurneysen Grammar 354; for the vowel cf. Lat. [[sagāx]]. Uncertain is Hitt. <b class="b2">šak-ḫi</b>, <b class="b2">-i</b> [[know]]. - The word may come from the language of hunters, prop. [[search]]; further Schwyzer 29 and Chantraine l. c.