ξύλον: Difference between revisions

|etymtx=Grammatical information: n.<br />Meaning: <b class="b2">wood, construction-wood-, firewood, tree, beam, stick, foot-, neckblock, banc, table</b> (Il.); also as length-measure = [[the side of the ναύβιον]] (Hero Geom., pap.).<br />Compounds: Very many compp., e.g. [[ξυλουργός]] (<b class="b3">-οργός</b>, <b class="b3">-εργός</b>) m. [[carpenter]] with <b class="b3">-έω</b>, <b class="b3">-ία</b>, <b class="b3">-ικός</b> (IA.; cf. on [[δημιουργός]]); <b class="b3">μονό-ξυλος</b> [[made from one piece of wood]], of [[πλοῖον]] a.o. (IA.). On [[ξύλοχος]] s. v.<br />Derivatives: 1. Dimin.: <b class="b3">ξυλ-άριον</b> [[small piece of wood]] (LXX, pap. a.o.), <b class="b3">-ήφιον</b> [[piece of wood]] (Hp., hell.), <b class="b3">-άφιον</b> <b class="b2">id.</b> (Eust.; on <b class="b3">-ήφιον</b>, <b class="b3">-άφιον</b> Wackernagel Glotta 4, 243 f. [Kl. Schr. 2, 1200f.]); [[ξύλιον]] [[piece of wood]] (pap. IVp). Further subst.: 2. <b class="b3">ξυλ-εύς</b> m. [[woodcutter]], name of a sacrificial attendant in Olympia (inscr. Ia, Paus., H.) with <b class="b3">-εύω</b>, <b class="b3">-εύομαι</b> [[fetch wood]] (hell. inscr., Men., H.), <b class="b3">-εία</b> f. <b class="b2">fetching wood, store of wood, construction-wood</b> (Plb., Str., pap.); Bosshardt 75; 3. <b class="b3">ξυλ-ίτης ἰχθῦς ποιός</b> H. (explan. in Strömberg Fischnamen 25); <b class="b3">-ῖτις</b> ([[γῆ]], [[χέρσος]]) f. [[shrub-coutry]] (pap.; Redard 109 w. n.); 4. [[ξυλών]], <b class="b3">-ῶνος</b> m. [[place for wood]] (Delos III--IIa). Adj. 1. <b class="b3">ξύλ-ινος</b> [[of wood]], [[wooden]] (Pi., B., IA.), 2. <b class="b3">-ικός</b> <b class="b2">id.</b> (Arist.) with <b class="b3">-ικάριος</b> <b class="b2">woodhandler (?)</b> (Korykos; from Lat. [[-ārius]]), 3. <b class="b3">-ηρός</b> [[regarding wood]] (Delos IIIa), <b class="b3">-ηρά</b> f. [[woodzmarket]]? (pap. Ip), 4. <b class="b3">-ώδης</b> <b class="b2">woodlike, -coloured</b> (Hp., Arist., Thphr.). Verbs. 1. <b class="b3">ξυλ-ίζομαι</b> [[fetch wood]] (X., Plu.) with <b class="b3">-ισμός</b> [[fetching wood]] (Str., D.H.), <b class="b3">-ιστής</b> [[who fetches wood]] (sch.); 2. <b class="b3">ξυλ-όομαι</b>, <b class="b3">-όω</b> [[become wood]], [[make]], [[make of wood]] (Thphr., LXX) with <b class="b3">-ωσις</b> f. [[woodwork]] (Th., hell. inscr.), <b class="b3">-ωμα</b>, <b class="b3">-ωμάτιον</b> <b class="b2">id.</b> (Delos IIIa a.o.); 3. <b class="b3">ξυλ-εύω</b>, s. above on [[ξυλεύς]].<br />Etymology: With [[ξύλον]] (from where on younger Att. vases [[σύλον]], [[σύλινος]]; Schwyzer 211) agrees Lith. <b class="b2">šùlas</b> <b class="b2">(bucket-, ton-) stave, stander, pillar</b>, if from IE <b class="b2">*ḱsulo-</b>; besides, in vokalism deviating, several Slav. forms, e.g. Russ. <b class="b2">šúlo</b> n. [[garden-pole]], Scr. [[šûlj]] m. [[block]] (IE <b class="b2">*ḱseulo-</b>?). Similarly with [[ū]] and anlaut. [[s-]], Germ., e.g. OHG [[sūl]] f. [[style]], [[pole]], with [[au]] (IE [[ou]]?) Goth. [[sauls]] [[pillar]]. The relation between the Slav., Balt. and Germ. words has been amply discussed but hardly explained; s. Vasmer and Fraenkel s. vv. with ric lit. and further forms. Older lit. also in Bq, WP. 2, 503 f. and W.-Hofmann s. [[silva]]. Mann Slavon. Rev. 37, 134 still adduces Alb. [[shul]] [[bar]], [[nail]], [[siphon]]. -- Original connection with [[ξύω]] (e.g. Fick 3, 446, also as supposition Schwyzer 329) is not probable, secondary influence (Chantraine Form. 240) well acceptable.