κάρυον: Difference between revisions

|etymtx=Grammatical information: n.<br />Meaning: [[nut]] (Epich., Ar., Thphr.).<br />Compounds: Compp., e. g. <b class="b3">καρυο-ναύτης</b> [[wo sails in a nut]] (Lyc.); <b class="b3">καρυό-φυλλον</b> <b class="b2">dried flower-but of the clove, Eugenia caryophyllata</b> (medic.), folketymological adaptation of a loan (Skt. <b class="b2">kaṭuka-phalam</b>?; s. Maidhof Glotta 10, 11.).<br />Derivatives: 1. [[καρύα]] f. [[walnut-tree]], esp. [[hazel]], [[Corylus avellana]] (S., LXX, Thphr. usw.; on the gender Schwyzer-Debrunner 30). 2. Diminut.: [[καρύδιον]] (Philyll. 19) with [[καρυδόω]] [[castrate]], [[καρύδωσις]] (Hippiatr.); [[καρυΐσκος]] (LXX). 3. Adject.: <b class="b3">καρύ-ϊνος</b> <b class="b2">of nuts, nut-brown etc.</b>, <b class="b3">-ώδης</b>, <b class="b3">-ηρός</b> [[nut-like]] (hell.); [[καρυωτός]] [[with nut-like hump or fruit]] (= [[date-tree]]), [[καρυῶτις]] f. [[kind of date]] (hell.); substant. [[καρυΐτης]] [[kind of Euphorbia]] (Dsc.; Strömberg Pflanzennamen 53, Redard Les noms grecs en <b class="b3">-της</b> 72). 4. Adverb: [[καρυηδόν]] [[like nuts]] (medic.). 5. Verb: [[καρυατίζω]] [[play with nuts]] (Ph.; after the verbs in <b class="b3">-ατίζω</b>). - A further plural-form in <b class="b3">καρυήματα κάρυα</b>. [[Λάκωνες]] H. (after [[τραγήματα]] a. o.; Schwyzer 523, Chantraine Formation 178, Fraenkel Glotta 32, 26).<br />Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]<br />Etymology: All compared words differ from [[κάρυον]] and from one amother: Lat. [[carīna]] [[ships keel]] (since Enn. and Plaut.), [[shell of a nut]] (Plin.), Welsh [[ceri]] (< <b class="b2">*carīso-</b>) [[pit of fruit]]; Skt. [[karaka-]] m. <b class="b2">(shell of the) coco(a)-nut</b> (lex.), [[jar for water]]. Other doubts are: for Lat. [[carīna]] a Greek loan (from [[καρύϊνος]] = *`like a nut-shell' > [[ships keel]]?) as been supposed (W.-Hofmann s. v.); the priority of the meaning [[coco-nut]] beside [[water-jar]] for [[karaka-]] is doubted by Mayrhofer, see EWAia III 59 (later form). - The connection with a group <b class="b2">*kar-</b> [[heart]] (Pok. 531f.) is completely hypothetical. - Beside it occurs <b class="b3">ἄρυα τὰ ΏΗρακλεωτικὰ κάρυα</b> H., which suggests a Pre-Greek form, Fur. 591.