πηγή: Difference between revisions

|Definition=Dor. [[παγά]], ἡ, <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> [[running water]], used by Hom. always in plural, [[stream]]s, πηγαὶ ποταμῶν <span class="bibl">Il.20.9</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.189</span>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>89</span>,<span class="bibl">434</span>(lyr.), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Pers.</span>311</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">HF</span>1297</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Rh.</span>827</span> (lyr.); κρουνὼ δ' ἵκανον καλλιρρόω, ἔνθα δὲ πηγαὶ δοιαὶ ἀναΐσσουσι <span class="bibl">Il.22.147</span> : sg., <b class="b3">καλλιρρόου ἔψαυσα π</b>. <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pers.</span> 202</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">613</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> metaph., of tears, <b class="b3">πηγαὶ κλαυμάτων, δακρύων</b>, [[streams]]... <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ag.</span>888</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span>803</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Tr.</span>852</span> (lyr.): abs., παρειὰν νοτίοις ἔτεγξα παγαῖς <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>402</span> (lyr.), cf. <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Alc.</span>1068</span>, etc.; also <b class="b3">πηγαὶ γάλακτος, πηγαὶ βοτρύων</b>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>895</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Cyc.</span>496</span> (lyr.); <b class="b3">πόντου πηγαῖς</b> with [[sea water]], <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">IT</span>1039</span>; <b class="b3">πηγαὶ τροφῆς τῷ γεννωμένῳ</b>, of mother's milk, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Mx.</span>237e</span>; π. μαστῶν <span class="title">Inscr.Cos</span> 218.8. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> [[fount]], [[source]], τοῦ Νείλου <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.28</span>, <span class="bibl">4.53</span> (pl.), <span class="title">OGI</span>168.9 (Syene, ii B. C.), <span class="bibl">Str.17.1.52</span> (pl.); <b class="b3">πηγαὶ ἡλίου</b> the [[fount]] of [[light]], i. e. the South, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>809</span>; <b class="b3">πηγαὶ νυκτός</b> the North, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Fr.</span>956</span>; παγὰ ἐπέων <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>4.299</span>; <b class="b3">πυρὸς παγαί</b> ib.<span class="bibl">1.22</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>110</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Ti.</span>79d</span>; <b class="b3">πηγὴ ἀργύρου</b>, of the silver-mines at Laureion, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pers.</span>238</span>; <b class="b3">τῆς ἀκουούσης π. δι' ὤτων</b>, i.e. the sense of hearing, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>1387</span>; <b class="b3">ἀπὸ μιᾶς ἀρχῆς καὶ π</b>. <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">PA</span>668a15</span>, cf. Plu.2.856e. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> metaph., [[source]], [[origin]], mostly in sg., <b class="b3">κακῶν π</b>. <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pers.</span>743</span>; <b class="b3">αἱ τέχναι, ἃς πηγάς</b> φασι τῶν καλῶν εἶναι <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>7.2.13</span>; π. καὶ ἀρχὴ κινήσεως <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phdr.</span>245c</span>; <b class="b3">π. ἡδονῶν, τοῦ φρονεῖν, νοσημάτων</b>, etc., <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Phlb.</span>62d</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Lg.</span>808d</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ti.</span>85b</span>, etc.; ἀρχαὶ καὶ π. τῶν στάσεων <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pol.</span>1301b5</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>690d</span>; π. τῆς κακοπραγμοσύνης <span class="bibl">Plb.18.40.3</span>; <b class="b3">βέβηκα πηγὰς εἰς ἐμάς</b> I have [[return]]ed to the [[source]] of my [[existence]], <span class="title">Epigr.Gr.</span>463 (Crommyon), cf. <span class="bibl">Dam.<span class="title">Pr.</span> 95</span>,al. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> [[inner canthus]] of eye, supposed source of tears, <span class="bibl">Poll.2.71</span>, Hsch.(both pl.).</span>

|ftr='''πηγή''': {pēgḗ}<br />'''Forms''': dor. [[παγά]]<br />'''Grammar''': f.<br />'''Meaning''': [[Quelle]], bes. [[Springquelle]] (vgl. [[κρήνη]] m. Lit.), auch, bes. im Plur., [[Gewässer]], [[Ströme]] (seit Il.).<br />'''Derivative''': Davon die Demin. [[πηγίον]] (Pap. II^a), -ίδιον (Suid.); die Adj. -αῖος ‘zur Q. gehörig’ (ion. att.), -ιμαῖος ib. (Hdn. ''Epim''.); das Verb -άζω, auch m. ἀνα-, κατα-, [[hervorquellen]] (Ph., ''AP''), παγάσασθαι Aor. Inf. ‘in einer Q. baden’ (Dodona; sp.).<br />'''Etymology''' : Bildung wie [[πληγή]], [[λήθη]], [[ζωή]] u.a.; ohne sichere Erklärung. — Mit Hinweis auf die vielen Benennungen für [[Quelle]] aus [[kalt]] (z.B. aksl. ''studenьcь'' : ''studenъ'', lit. ''šaltìnis'' : ''šáltas'', νίβα [= [[νίφα]]· χιόνα, καλεῖται δὲ [[οὕτως]] καὶ [[κρήνη]] ἐν Θρᾴκῃ Phot.) von Grošelj Živa Ant. 4, 173 f. zu πήγνυμαι im Sinn von [[erstarren]], [[gefrieren]], [[πηγυλίς]] [[eiskalt]] (vgl. noch [[παγετώδης]] [[eiskalt]], vom Wasser: [[παγετός]] [[Eis]]) gezogen; sehr erwägenswert. Vgl. auch zu [[Στύξ]]. Ält. Lit. m. abzulehnenden Deutungen bei Bq.<br />'''Page''' 2,525